- •Передмова
- •Unit 1 Topic: Science in Ukraine Grammar: Groups of Tenses
- •Science in Ukraine
- •2. Give the synonyms and antonyms to the following words:
- •3. Put all the possible questions to the following sentences:
- •9. Read the sentences. Comment on the meaning of the words in italic. Translate into Ukrainian.
- •10. Translate into English.
- •1. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Speak on the topic “Science in Ukraine”.
- •4. Communicative situations:
- •Unit 2 Topic: Engineering Grammar: The Category of Voice
- •Engineering
- •1. Comment on the meaning of the following words and group up them under the headings “Branch of industry”, “Occupation”, and “Industrial product”:
- •2. Make nouns from the following verbs:
- •8. Put the verbs in brackets in the necessary tense-form:
- •9. Convert the sentences into the Passive Voice (two variants for each sentence).
- •10. Translate into English.
- •1. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Speak on the topic “Engineering”.
- •4. Communicative situations:
- •Unit 3 Topic: Trends in the Modern Machine-Building Industry Grammar: The Category of Aspect
- •Trends in the Modern Machine-Building Industry
- •6. Put the verbs in brackets in the necessary tense and aspect form.
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets in the necessary tense, voice, and aspect form.
- •8. Choose the appropriate formal markers to the following sentences:
- •10. Translate into English.
- •1. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Speak on the topic “Trends in the Modern Machine-Building Industry”.
- •4. Communicative situations:
- •Unit 4 Topic: Engineering Materials Grammar: Perfect/Non-perfect
- •Engineering Materials
- •2. Make nouns from the verbs.
- •3. Replace the highlighted words and expressions with their equivalents from the text.
- •4. Using the model explain the expressions and translate them into Ukrainian. Remember the meaning of the suffixes.
- •5. Give the three forms of the verbs:
- •6. Read and translate the following sentences. Make them interrogative and negative.
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets in the necessary form.
- •8. Fill in the gap in the second sentence with passive form of the verb from the first sentence.
- •9. Choose the appropriate formal markers to the following sentences:
- •10. Put the verbs in brackets in the necessary form. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian in writing.
- •1. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Speak on the topic “Engineering Materials”.
- •4. Communicative situations:
- •Unit 5 Topic: Ferrous Metals Grammar: The Infinitive. Forms and Functions
- •Ferrous Metals
- •5. Define the tense form of the predicate of each sentence and translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •6. Comment on the forms of the Infinitives.
- •7. Complete each sentence with one of these verbs: use, post, buy, get, be
- •8. Make a new sentence using the verb in brackets.
- •9. Combine two sentences into one using the Infinitive.
- •10. Translate into English.
- •1. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Speak on the topic “Ferrous metals”.
- •4. Communicative situation:
- •Unit 6 Topic: Steel Grammar: The Infinitive Constructions
- •7. Make the sentences interrogative:
- •8. State the function of the Infinitive:
- •9. Define the form of the Infinitive. Comment on its syntactic function. Translate into Ukrainian.
- •10. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •1. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Speak on the topic “Steel”.
- •4. Communicative situations:
- •Unit 7 Topic: Non-ferrous Metals Grammar: The Complex Object
- •1. Combine the following words to receive word-combinations:
- •2. Make nouns from the following verbs:
- •3. Group up synonyms:
- •4. Connect the pairs of sentences using the following conjunctions: however, therefore, because.
- •5. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the difference in the meaning of the Simple and the Complex Object:
- •10. Translate into English
- •1. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Speak on the topic “Non-ferrous metals”.
- •4. Communicative situations:
- •Unit 8 Topic: Properties of Engineering Materials Grammar: The Complex Subject
- •Properties of Engineering Materials
- •7. Define the forms and functions of the Infinitives and translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •8. Fill in the gaps with the prepositions to, within, from, into, on, in, of, by means of, per, without, by:
- •9. Put all possible questions to the sentences:
- •10. Translate the sentences into English
- •1. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Speak on the topic “Properties of engineering materials”.
- •4. Communicative situations:
- •Speaking Lesson Topic: There’s a kid in every one of us
- •Children’s Party Games
- •Video Lesson friends season 1 (part 1)
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Quizz: Guess who?..
- •IV. Try to guess if the following statements are true or false:
- •II. Fill in the blanks with the names of the characters who said the following:
- •III. Answer the following questions:
- •IV. Arrange the following events in the chronological order:
- •The verb to wish
- •I. Remake the sentences using “I wish…” structure.
- •II. Fill in the blanks with the following words:
- •III. Substitute “thing”
- •Word games
- •In teaching English as a second language
- •Contents
1. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?
The scientific and technological progress requires new technologies.
The machine modules are appropriate for “unmanned” industries.
Slack work is being carried out on new robots.
Modern engineering thinking has created unique welding equipment.
New technologies and equipment have been designed for two branches of engineering.
Automatic design systems allow for an optimizing of the solutions in design and technology when new machines are still in the drawing stage.
2. Answer the following questions.
What are two main headlines, along which the scientific and technological progress will continue in engineering?
What does automation include?
What robots do we need besides mere manipulators?
Have any machines tracing the entire process of machining been manufactured?
What has modern engineering thinking created?
When are the engineers to start producing new generations of machines and equipment?
What would new generations of machines and equipment allow?
How can service life be extended for machines?
What strengthening treatment methods have been found in recent years?
Are grain harvester parts vulnerable to wear and tear?
What are engineers and scientists after?
3. Speak on the topic “Trends in the Modern Machine-Building Industry”.
4. Communicative situations:
What is the role of new technologies in engineering?
What is the main task of the engineers and scientists developing new machines and technologies?
Unit 4 Topic: Engineering Materials Grammar: Perfect/Non-perfect
Vocabulary
Learn the following words and word combinations:
property ['prOpqti] – властивість
ferrous metal ['ferqs 'met(q)l] – чорний метал
non-ferrous metal ["nOn'ferqs 'met(q)l] – кольоровий метал
carbon ['kRb(q)n] – вуглець
cast iron ["kRst'aiqn] – чавун
steel [stJl] – сталь
alloy ['xlOi] – сплав
alloy [q'lOi] – сплавляти
chromium ['krqumiqm] – хром
corrosion [kq'rquZ(q)n] – корозія, іржа
tungsten ['tANstqn] – вольфрам
hardness ['hRdnqs] – твердість; щільність; міцність, жорсткість
aluminium ["xljqminiqm] – алюміній
copper ['kOpq] – мідь
bronze [brOnz] – бронза
brass [brRs] – латунь
plastics ['plxstiks] – пластмаса
ceramics [sq'rxmiks] – кераміка
oxygen ['OksiGqn] – кисень
hydrogen ['haidrqG(q)n] – водень
nitrogen ['naitriG(q)n] – азот
thermoplastic ["TWmq'plxstik] – термопласт
thermoset ["TWmq'set] – термореактивна пластмаса
resin ['rezin] – смола
compound ['kPmpaund] – суміш; сполука; композит
Reading
Read and translate the text.
Engineering Materials
Engineers have to know the best and most economical materials to use. Engineers must also understand the properties of these materials and how they can be worked.
There are two kinds of materials used in engineering – metals and non-metals. We can divide metals into ferrous and non-ferrous. The former contain iron and the latter do not contain iron. Cast iron and steel, which are both alloys (or mixtures of iron and carbon) are the two most important ferrous metals. Steel contains a smaller proportion of carbon than cast iron. Certain elements can improve the properties of steel and are therefore added to it. For example, chromium may be included to resist corrosion and tungsten to increase hardness. Aluminium, copper, and the alloys (bronze and brass) are common non-ferrous metals.
Plastics and ceramics are non-metals; however, plastics may be machined like metals.
Plastics are a large and varied group of materials consisting of combinations of carbon and oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and other organic and inorganic elements. Plastics are classified into two types – thermoplastics and thermosets. Thermoplastics can be shaped and reshaped by heat and pressure but thermosets cannot be reshaped because they undergo chemical changes as they harden. Many plastics did indeed evolve as replacements for natural products such as rubber, ivory, silk or wool, which became unavailable or on short supply. Today’s engineering resins and compounds serve in the most demanding environments. Their toughness, lightness, strength, and corrosion resistance have won many significant applications for these materials in transportation, industrial and consumer products. The engineering plastics are now challenging the domains traditionally held by metals: truly load-bearing, structural parts.
Ceramics are often employed by engineers when materials which can withstand high temperatures are needed.
Language study
1. Fill in the table with the words and word combination from the text.
Engineering materials |
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metals |
… |
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… |
ferrous metals |
… |
… |
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copper |
… |
… |
… |
steel |
thermo-plastics |
… |
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