7. What participial constructions do the participles build?

a. Complex Object may be found after the verbs to see, to hear, to feel, to find; to consider, to understand; to want, to wish, to desire. Participle I (Indefinite Active) or Participle II is used.

In outer office Jane could hear her boss speaking on the phone.	В приемной Джейн могла слышать как ее босс говорит по телефону.
I consider him engaged in this deal.	Я считаю, что он замешан в этой сделке.

After the verbs “to have”, “to get” (only Past Participle is used).

He had the accounts brought.	Ему принесли счета.
You can get these figures checked.	Эти цифры могут для вас проверить.

b. Complex Subject is generally rendered into Russian by a complex sentence.

The stockholders (they) were heard discussing their basic rights in the corporation.

Было слышно как (они) акционеры обсуждают свои основные права в корпорации.

c. The Absolute Participial Construction is chiefly used in literary style and is rendered in Russian by means of an adverbial modifier of time, cause, condition.

The file under “Bills of Lading” being open, we looked into it.	Т.к. папка под грифом «Коносамен-ты» была открыта, мы в нее заглянули.
Circumstances permitting, we shall strike a deal. (of condition).	Если обстоятельства позволят, мы заключим сделку.
This being done, he occupied himself with other matters (time)	Когда с этим было покончено, он занялся другими вопросами.
It being now pretty late, we agreed to finish our meeting.	Т.к. было довольно поздно, мы согласились закончить встречу.
He turned and went, we, as before, following him.	Он повернулся и вышел; как и прежде, мы последовали за ним.
Greatly increasing sales and improving profits, his advice at board meetings was invaluable.	Поскольку при нем значительно вырос объем торговли и увеличи-лась прибыль, его рекомендации на заседаниях совета директоров считались неоценимыми.

Exercise 7

A

Change the given sentences using the verbs in brackets into sentences with the Complex Object.

Model: We heard him … speaking … over the phone. (to speak)

1. We could hear John Martin ________ with Peter Wiles an article about the discovery of oil in Abraca. (to discuss)

2. Businessmen consider him actively ____ with the project. (to involve)

3. That morning we found a Transport Manager Bruce Hill ________ a load of office desks and chairs for a new liner in Scotland. (to see off)

4. He saw Mrs. Margaret Wiles, who rarely attended Board meetings, ________ among the Board members. (to sit)

5. At the Board meeting the directors had budgeting control ________.

(to discuss)

6. The company has quarterly accounts _______ every three months in a financial year. (to draw up)

7. It is difficult to get the lorries fully _________, and you’ve got to calculate depreciation. (to employ)

8. You can have a mahogany desk _______ by Bob Hardiman, who is a master craftsman of the old school. (to make)

B

Paraphrase these sentences using the Subjective Participial Construction. Use the verb in brackets.

Model: She was opening a current account. (to see)

She was seen opening a current account.

1. Hector Grant was giving recommendations to the Sales Manager, asking him to book accommodation for the representative of the Ministry of Works. (to see)

2. The Company Secretary William Buckhurst was discussing the problem of Wentworth & Company with Hector Grant. (to hear)

3. FMA shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange were falling five and a half points. (to notice)

4. Rosco Heyward was smiling when Alex Vandervoort insisted on defining reasonable and excessive profit. (to notice)

5. They were discussing an irrevocable letter of credit as a method of payment. (to hear)

6. The secretary was opening the letter with the enclosed shipping documents. (to see)

7. The client was speaking over the telephone with the Manager. (to hear)

8. The customs officer was examining the goods. (to notice)

C

Translate the sentences into Russian. Note the Absolute Participial Construction.

Model:

The professor being ill, the lecture was put off.

Так как профессор был болен, лекция была отложена.

They signed the contract, the delivery to be made on CIF terms.

Они подписали контракт, причем поставка должна была быть на условиях СИФ.

1. The goods having been unloaded, the workers left the port.

2. There being a hard day, he felt very tired.

3. We are not giving you any particulars, the enclosed letter containing the necessary information.

4. There being not a single contract from Abraca, Hector Grant summoned the Sales Manager for an interview.

5. All this having been settled, the bank manager agreed to provide a personal loan.

6. Judging by the silence nobody being there, he left the office.

7. With Peter being on a business trip, John had to do his work.

8. The negotiations between the American and British representatives were conducted behind closed doors, measures having been taken that no correspondent should receive any information.

9. There being no further business, the meeting adjourned.

10. With a buyer from Abraca visiting the factory, his hotel booked for him and a car put at his disposal.

11. The contract quantity was 5.000 tons, the sellers having an option to deliver 2% more or less.

12. The Board Meeting of directors discussed budgetary control with William Buckhurst having attended a course on the subject.

13. Having a look at the quarterly breakdown of overheads, his impression of the amount spent was not pleasant.

14. Having increased sales by almost forty per cent, that was a very successful year for John Martin.

15. Owning so many shares, the election of Alfred Wentworth in the Board was inevitable.

16. Requiring an irrevocable letter of credit confirmed on a London Bank, our quotation in local currency was conditional.

17. Not having anything his own way, while Harper was a chairman, everybody found Hector Grant a clever man and a strong personality.

18. Being rather over-weighted with conservative members, there was the need for young forward-looking people in the Board.

19. Being responsible for at least one cost centre, the forecast of the income and expenditure was required from each manager.

Revision

Exercise 1

Find a mistake if any and give the right variant.

1. Requiring goods can’t be shipped at the customer`s request. They

A B C

aren’t available now.

D

2. The price having been mentioned was 5 per cent lower than the

A B

price paid by the previous contract.

C D

3. Even if posting now the letter can’t reach John till Monday.

A B C D

4. He didn`t usually utter a word unless speaking to.

A B C D

5. Being received the required information the sellers sent their order

A B C D

to the buyers.

6. Payment will be executed against cable signing by the captain

A B C

of the vessel.

D

7. The letter having been typed by the typist now should be sent

A B

as soon as it`s ready.

C D

8. We received a letter from the supplies advised that they are ready

A B

to fulfil the order according to the terms stipulated.

C D

9. I hear him raise a big personal short-term loan. Frankly speaking he

A B C

agreed to offer his business as collateral required.

D

10. But the Western leaders, though forced to give way on some questions,

A

will stick to the policies which have brought about a fallen standard

B C

of living for working people.

D

11. The Civil Service unions, represented more than a half-million

A B

government workers, demanded a 15-percent pay raise.

C D

12 We asked them to write immediately having advised the terms of

A B C D

payment and delivery.

20. If the presented documents comply with the terms of the credit

A

the buyer cannot refuse to pay on the grounds of the goods not

B C

corresponded to the order or contract.

D

Exercise 2