- •Министерство образования и науки российской федерации
- •Английский язык.
- •Молодцова в.Е. Английский язык: Учебное пособие для студентов архитектурно-строительного факультета / Под ред. Л.А. Семашко. — Челябинск, юУрГу, 2005. — 60 с.
- •Contents
- •Unit 1. Building Construction…………………………………………... 5
- •Introduction
- •Unit 1 Building Construction
- •New words:
- •Fill in the gaps with the words given below.
- •Put the prepositions into the sentences and translate them.
- •Make up sentences out of given words.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Agree or disagree with the statements.
- •Answer the questions to the text.
- •A) Make up the right sentences according to the model.
- •Unit 2 elements of buildings
- •New words:
- •Translate the following derived words.
- •Read the following international words. What Russian words do they associate with?
- •Find the synonyms.
- •Put the correct word into each gap.
- •Give Russian equivalents to the following word combination.
- •Using the dictionary find the right translation (part b) of the word combinations (part a).
- •Put in the proper preposition (of, in, into, from, onto, to, for, between).
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the meaning of the words ''floor'', ''stor(e)y'', ''level''.
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the function and meaning of ''one'', ''ones''.
- •Find and translate the sentences in which ''one'' is used as a substitution word.
- •Compare the following pairs of sentences given in Active and Passive Voice and translate them into Russian.
- •Use the predicates of this sentences in Passive Voice and translate them.
- •Translate the following sentences. Mind the predicates in Passive Voice.
- •Read and translate the text. Elements of buildings
- •Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words.
- •Define the type of each door and window.
- •Replace the words and word combinations in italics (a) by their contextual synonyms (b).
- •Answer the questions to the text.
- •Give the English equivalents.
- •With your group-mates fill in the table using the text.
- •Unit 3 foundations
- •New words:
- •Mark the number of a sentence where "to be" is translated as "должен".
- •Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to different functions of the verb "to be".
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to modal verbs and their equivalents.
- •Say and write the following sentences in:
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the modal verbs.
- •Suggest the Russian equivalents.
- •Read the text and translate it in Russian. Foundations
- •There are some notes the student made after reading the text "Foundations". Did he remember everything right? Read his notes and correct them if necessary.
- •Match the beginnings of the sentences (1 – 4) to their ends (a – d) using the information from the text.
- •Caissons
- •Say the facts proving the following statements.
- •Unit 4 floors
- •New words:
- •Translate the following derived words according to the models.
- •Beams and their types
- •New words:
- •Read and translate the text. Beams and their types
- •Match the definitions with the appropriate words.
- •Agree or disagree with the following statements.
- •Fill in the gaps with the words from the text.
- •Lightweight steel beams and joists introduced
- •Unit 6 shells, trusses and space frames
- •New words:
- •Read and translate the text . Shells, trusses and space frames
- •Match the definitions with the appropriate words.
- •Fill in the gaps with the words from the text.
- •Replace the words in bold type into their contextual synonyms given below.
- •Answer the questions to the text.
- •Identify the type of the given trusses. Explain the difference between the Pratt and the Warren truss systems.
- •With your partner, discuss the main features of trusses and space frames. Use the following words and word combinations.
- •Unit 7 Roofs
- •New words:
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Aluminium roofs for reservoirs and storage tanks
- •Speak directly about construction of roofs for water reservoirs using the following expressions:
- •New words:
- •Build up and translate the gerunds according to the model.
- •Translate the sentences with gerunds.
- •Translate the sentences with the Continuous Tenses.
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the ing-forms.
- •Read and translate the text. Towards Industrialized Construction
- •Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words.
- •Match the beginnings of the sentences (a) with their endings (b).
- •Answer the questions to the text.
- •Interview your partner about the reasons of moving building construction towards industrialization. Use the following words and expressions.
- •Read and translate Text 2. From the history of building construction
- •Answer the questions to the text 2. Check your answers in accordance with the text.
- •Read the text for the second time and mark interesting facts in each part of it.
- •What is a ''rule of thumb'' technique? unit 9
- •Assembly works and time-tabling
- •New words:
- •Read and translate the text. Assembly works and time-tabling
- •Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words.
- •Identify each kind of assembly works.
- •Identify the part of the building or the phase of the assembly sequence described in the sentences.
- •Answer the questions to the text.
- •Make a list of other things that could go wrong on a building site. Say when they might occur and how they could affect the time schedule. References
Translate the sentences with gerunds.
The destruction of European cities during the Second World War created a need for housing for millions of people.
Builders have done a lot for restoring of destroyed houses.
Using technologically advanced systems is possible only with the industrialization of construction.
There is a great demand for assembling and installing creature comfort systems.
Computer programs can be used for analyzing buildings for different purposes.
Generating 3D interior mock ups is one of the ways to employ the opportunities of the AutoCAD.
Translate the sentences with the Continuous Tenses.
A lot of innovations are improving building quality.
The demand for high quality buildings is growing in the world.
A number of social factors are also pushing the construction industry toward industrialization.
New construction methods and building systems are being developed to assemble prefabricated components.
All necessary work was being completed when the commission arrived.
Housing construction is being carried out on a large scale.
Translate the following sentences paying attention to the ing-forms.
Building techniques are being developed in all industrial countries.
Developing building techniques we consequently increase the output of dwelling.
The main aim of the research establishments is developing new building materials of greater durability.
Lighting, heating and ventilation systems are being improved now.
Computer Aided Design can be used for analyzing buildings for heat loss thus reducing considerably the number of mistakes arousing through human errors.
Read and translate the text. Towards Industrialized Construction
The destruction of urban Europe and Japan during the Second World War, combined with the post war baby boom, created a need for housing for millions of people. Builders have done a lot for restoring what had been destroyed during the war but they went further than rebuilding. The existence of a single large client (the state) and a need for rapid construction provided fertile soil for a boom in the development of industrialized construction techniques. New construction methods and materials, computers and robots are being developed to constantly improve productivity. These innovations are improving building quality. As construction evolves into an industrialized process, new construction methods and building systems are also being developed to assemble prefabricated components.
A number of social factors are also pushing the construction industry towards industrialization. The demand for high quality buildings is growing in the world. As consumers become more educated about energy conservation, lighting, indoor air quality, they want their houses to be built to the highest standards. Prefabrication of building components using mechanized, computer controlled tools is one way to achieve high quality. Almost all building materials will be manufactured industrially in the near future, and it is natural to expect more and more assembly of these materials in a controlled environment away from the building site.
Continued growth in communications technologies, consumer electronics and other creature comfort systems will make building construction more complex. Computer controlled heating and ventilation and multi room access to entertainment are some of the features that will be built in future "smart" houses. Assembling and installing these technologically advanced systems in an exposed site will not please the owner.
Computers have helped speeding up design considerably in recent years and can allow designers to analyze the building for different purposes before construction starts. Computer Aided Design (CAD) packages can be used for many tasks, ranging from analyzing buildings for heat loss to generating 3D interior mock ups thus reducing considerably the number of mistakes arousing through human errors.
Industrially produced buildings have come a long way from the repetitive boxes most people associate with the word "prefabrication". The move to industrial construction is inevitable, and designers and builders should pay attention to its opportunities now.