- •Министерство образования и науки российской федерации
- •Английский язык.
- •Молодцова в.Е. Английский язык: Учебное пособие для студентов архитектурно-строительного факультета / Под ред. Л.А. Семашко. — Челябинск, юУрГу, 2005. — 60 с.
- •Contents
- •Unit 1. Building Construction…………………………………………... 5
- •Introduction
- •Unit 1 Building Construction
- •New words:
- •Fill in the gaps with the words given below.
- •Put the prepositions into the sentences and translate them.
- •Make up sentences out of given words.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Agree or disagree with the statements.
- •Answer the questions to the text.
- •A) Make up the right sentences according to the model.
- •Unit 2 elements of buildings
- •New words:
- •Translate the following derived words.
- •Read the following international words. What Russian words do they associate with?
- •Find the synonyms.
- •Put the correct word into each gap.
- •Give Russian equivalents to the following word combination.
- •Using the dictionary find the right translation (part b) of the word combinations (part a).
- •Put in the proper preposition (of, in, into, from, onto, to, for, between).
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the meaning of the words ''floor'', ''stor(e)y'', ''level''.
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the function and meaning of ''one'', ''ones''.
- •Find and translate the sentences in which ''one'' is used as a substitution word.
- •Compare the following pairs of sentences given in Active and Passive Voice and translate them into Russian.
- •Use the predicates of this sentences in Passive Voice and translate them.
- •Translate the following sentences. Mind the predicates in Passive Voice.
- •Read and translate the text. Elements of buildings
- •Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words.
- •Define the type of each door and window.
- •Replace the words and word combinations in italics (a) by their contextual synonyms (b).
- •Answer the questions to the text.
- •Give the English equivalents.
- •With your group-mates fill in the table using the text.
- •Unit 3 foundations
- •New words:
- •Mark the number of a sentence where "to be" is translated as "должен".
- •Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to different functions of the verb "to be".
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to modal verbs and their equivalents.
- •Say and write the following sentences in:
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the modal verbs.
- •Suggest the Russian equivalents.
- •Read the text and translate it in Russian. Foundations
- •There are some notes the student made after reading the text "Foundations". Did he remember everything right? Read his notes and correct them if necessary.
- •Match the beginnings of the sentences (1 – 4) to their ends (a – d) using the information from the text.
- •Caissons
- •Say the facts proving the following statements.
- •Unit 4 floors
- •New words:
- •Translate the following derived words according to the models.
- •Beams and their types
- •New words:
- •Read and translate the text. Beams and their types
- •Match the definitions with the appropriate words.
- •Agree or disagree with the following statements.
- •Fill in the gaps with the words from the text.
- •Lightweight steel beams and joists introduced
- •Unit 6 shells, trusses and space frames
- •New words:
- •Read and translate the text . Shells, trusses and space frames
- •Match the definitions with the appropriate words.
- •Fill in the gaps with the words from the text.
- •Replace the words in bold type into their contextual synonyms given below.
- •Answer the questions to the text.
- •Identify the type of the given trusses. Explain the difference between the Pratt and the Warren truss systems.
- •With your partner, discuss the main features of trusses and space frames. Use the following words and word combinations.
- •Unit 7 Roofs
- •New words:
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Aluminium roofs for reservoirs and storage tanks
- •Speak directly about construction of roofs for water reservoirs using the following expressions:
- •New words:
- •Build up and translate the gerunds according to the model.
- •Translate the sentences with gerunds.
- •Translate the sentences with the Continuous Tenses.
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the ing-forms.
- •Read and translate the text. Towards Industrialized Construction
- •Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words.
- •Match the beginnings of the sentences (a) with their endings (b).
- •Answer the questions to the text.
- •Interview your partner about the reasons of moving building construction towards industrialization. Use the following words and expressions.
- •Read and translate Text 2. From the history of building construction
- •Answer the questions to the text 2. Check your answers in accordance with the text.
- •Read the text for the second time and mark interesting facts in each part of it.
- •What is a ''rule of thumb'' technique? unit 9
- •Assembly works and time-tabling
- •New words:
- •Read and translate the text. Assembly works and time-tabling
- •Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words.
- •Identify each kind of assembly works.
- •Identify the part of the building or the phase of the assembly sequence described in the sentences.
- •Answer the questions to the text.
- •Make a list of other things that could go wrong on a building site. Say when they might occur and how they could affect the time schedule. References
Unit 6 shells, trusses and space frames
Text: Shells, trusses and space frames
Grammar:
Compound adjectives
Participle I, Participle II (continued)
New words:
align [q´laın] строить в линию, выравнивать
axial [´æksıql] осевой, по направлению оси
barrel [´bærql] цилиндр, барабан, вал
circumferential [sqkAmfq´renS(q)l] кольцевой, окружной
chord [kO:d] пояс
corrugated [´kOrqgeıtıd] гофрированный, рифленый
curve [kE:v] гнуть
distort, v. [dıs´tO:t] искривлять
fold [fqVld] складывать, сгибать
joint [GOınt] узел (фермы)
masonry [´meıs(q)nrı] кирпичная кладка
linear [´lınıq] линейный
plane [pleın] плоскость
rib [rıb] ребро жесткости
ridged [rıGd] остроконечный
rigid [´rıGıd] жесткий, устойчивый
post [pqVst] стойка (фермы)
shell [Sel] оболочка
slope [slqVp] наклон
strut [strAt] раскос (фермы)
tie [taı] узел, связь
triangle [´traıæNgl] треугольник
truss [trAs] ферма
vault [vO:lt] свод
space frame [speıs freım] структура
deep beam балка-стенка
Read the following international words. What Russian words do they associate with?
To act, cable, to demonstrate, economy, element, equivalent, form, geometry, ideally, individual, limit, membrane, motive, original, role, parallel, practical, stable, stress, term, type.
Read and translate the following compound adjectives.
Model: vault-like having the form of a vault сводчатый
Barrel-shaped doubly-curved
mass-concrete space-enclosing
sharply-ridged three-dimensional
iron-framed timber-framed.
Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations.
to act as a space-enclosing element;
to be curved in two directions;
to include barrel-shaped and folded or corrugated forms;
in accordance with the requirements of the surface geometry;
doubly-curved tensile membrane;
to form a series of triangles;
lighter framed equivalents of domes and vaults.
Translate into English using Participle I.
Ограждающий и перекрывающий элемент; нагрузка, действующая на кирпичную кладку; элементы, связывающие фермы и колонны; треугольники, лежащие в одной плоскости; образующий нижний пояс фермы; метод, демонстрирующий универсальность; наклонный элемент фермы; несущий внешние нагрузки.
Translate into English using Participle II.
Радиально выровненные ребра жесткости; сложенный вдвое; разработанный метод; соединенные элементы; достигнутая прочность оболочки; поверхность, изогнутая в двух направлениях; уменьшенная толщина; балка, искривленная нагрузкой; рабочие, обеспеченные материалами; смонтированный на стройплощадке.
Translate the sentences into English paying attention to the Participles.
There are elements transmitting tension as well as compression.
Applied loads are distributed in all directions.
Doors, some kinds of walls and windows are regarded as space-enclosing elements.
The Greek architects preferred ached forms such as arch, dome or vault.
The reduction achieved in thickness was provided by the tensile strength in the shell itself.
A truss is a unit fabricated from metal or timber pieces formed by a series of triangles lying in a single plane.
The joints of a space frame are not rigid allowing free rotations of the members.