4. Find in the text the equivalents to the following Russian words and phrases:
Принять закон, пройти определенное число стадий, наложить королевскую санкцию, касаться вопросов общественного значения, касаться вопросов местного характера, направить билль в комитет, обсудить подробно (в деталях), пройти аналогичную процедуру.
5. Give the definitions to the words given below. If you cannot find any definition in the text, use a dictionary and explain the meanings of the words yourself.
A Bill, the Royal Assent, a Public Bill, a Private Bill, an Act of Parliament, a Statute Law, a Money Bill, a law.
Translation grammar
|
В английском языке глаголы часто употребляются в пассивной форме (Passive Voice). В таких предложениях подлежащее не выполняет действие, а само подвергается какому-либо действию. Иногда в русском предложении в отличие от английского объект, на который направлено действие, вообще не является подлежащим, а отвечает на вопросы «кого?/что?»
Например:
Как видно из примеров, в таких предложениях в английском варианте действие ( сказуемое) строится по формуле: be (am, is, are, was, were, have/has been…) + V3(третья форма смыслового глагола). Чтобы правильно перевести такие предложения на русский язык, необходимо к смысловому глаголу добавить характерные окончания: -ся, -ат/-ят, -ут/-ют. Например: Life peers are appointed by the Queen. “are appointed” – пассивная форма глагола “to appoint” –назначать. Добавляем «ся» . Получаем: Пожизненные пэры назначаются королевой.
|
6.Find all the verbs used in the Passive Voice in the text. Then, read these sentences and translate them into Russian.
7. Find in the text all the stages a Bill must complete to become a law. What happens to a Bill at each stage?
Example:1) Introducing a Bill: a Bill receives a formal first reading.
The House of Lords
1.Review the information about the House of Lords and answer the questions:
a)What kinds of Lords can you name?
b)Who are the Lords Temporal/Spiritual/Law Lords?
c)Whom do the Lords Spiritual consist of?
d)Who is the Lord Chancellor?
e)What is the role of the Lords in the law-making process?
Vocabulary
|
the Church of England |
Англиканская Церковь |
|
to preside [prɪˈzaɪd] over |
председательствовать |
|
Duke [djuːk] |
герцог |
|
viscount [ˈvaɪkaʊnt] |
виконт |
|
magnate [ˈmæɡneɪt] |
магнат |
|
proprietor [prə’praɪətə] |
собственник, владелец |
|
signature [’sɪgnətʃə] |
подпись |
2.Read and translate the text.
The House of Lords is the upper Chamber of British Parliament. The members of the House of Lords are not elected. The House of Lords is the only non-elected chamber of Parliament in the world. It consists of 830 Lords Temporal and 26 Lords Spiritual (2 of which are archbishops of Canterbury and York, the rest are senior bishops of the Church of England). Lords Temporal are Lords by the right of inheritance (hereditary peers), 270 members are given life peerage (life peers). 1/4 of life peers are women, Margaret Thatcher was among them. The total number of the Lords is more than 1,000.
The Queen belongs to the House of Lords so there is a throne in the Lords' Chamber from where she makes her State Opening Speech.
There is also a woolsack –a large bag of wool covered with red cloth which is the seat of the Lord Chancellor who presides in the House of Lords and is its chairman. The House of Lords is represented by people of different grades of nobility: dukes, viscounts and barons.
The House of Lords is of Tory majority. The members of the chamber are largely company directors, landlords, bankers, steel and oil magnates, newspaper proprietors and so on. Its main function is to defend the interests of the propertied people, to criticize the Labour Government, to delay, amend or bury the bills which went contrary to their interests. For its conservative character it is often called "the House of obstruction" or "a hangover from a past age".
The main function of the upper Chamber, the House of Lords, is to examine and revise bills from the Commons. But the Lords cannot reject a bill. They can only delay it for a maximum of one year. Financial bills (i. e. bills related to money) cannot be delayed by the House of Lords. If the Lords approve a bill it is sent to the Queen for signature.
John Tucker Mugabi Sentamu [séntámû]; born 10 June 1949) is the 97thArchbishop of York,Metropolitanof the province of York andPrimateof England. The position of Archbishop of York is the second most senior clerical position in theChurch of Englandafter that ofArchbishop of Canterbury, Primate of All England.
Justin Portal Welby (born 6 January 1956) is the 105thand currentArchbishop of Canterburyand senior bishop in theChurch of England.[5] As such, he is Primate of All England and the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion. He was formerly theBishop of Durham, serving for just over a year.
Christopher Stephen Grayling (born 1 April 1962) is a BritishConservative Partypoliticianwho has been theLord ChancellorandSecretary of State for Justicesince 2012.
2.Give the English equivalents to the Russian words and phrases: верхняя палата, по праву наследования, землевладелец, владельцы газет, отстаивать интересы класса имущих людей, пережиток прошлого.