1 курс / Латинский язык / Латинский_язык_и_основы_медицинской_терминологии_Жура_В_В_,_Мартинсон

8.Explain the terms: vasa af-ferentia and vasa ef-ferentia (ferens, ferentis – carrying).

9.Explain the meaning of the terms: apathy, sympathy, antipathy (Gr. pathos – mood, emotional experience).

10.Which terms would you use to denote: diminished breath sounds; hurried breathing; respiratory arrest; rough breathing?

11.The term euphoria denotes high spirits. Which term would you build to designate the state of anxiety, changing moods?

12.The direct meaning of the prefix para- is ‘near, close to’. What shade of meaning has it developed in the clinical terms: paracusia – false acoustic sensation; parageusia – perverse gustatory sensation; parathymia – inconsistency between affective manifestations and their causative agents?

II. Write prefixes with the opposite meaning:

In- ─ …., extra- ─ …, ecto- ─ …, prae- ─ …, meta- ─ …, post- ─ …, supra- ─ …, infra- ─ …, sub- ─ …, hyper- ─ … .

III. Build terms with the opposite meaning:

Intracellularis ─ …, intrauterinus ─ …, praenatalis ─ …, hypotonia ─ …, hyperfunctio ─ …, suprahyoideus ─ … .

EXERCISES

1 Make up the clinical terms in writing:

1. haemhaemat- -aemia

2. hist-

3. my-

4. cyt-

5. chondr-

6. -cele

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27.ophthalm- instrumental examination of the eye

28.sphygm- pulse registration -sphygmia absence of pulse

29.gynaec- a science about women’s diseases

VOCABULARY EXTENSION 5

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UNIT 6

COMBINING FORMS DESIGNATING FUNCTIONAL AND

PATHOLOGICAL DISORDERS

EXERCISES

1. Explain the meanings of the derivational morphemes in the words below:

A. 1. Haemolўsis, haemotherapia, haemostăsis, empyema, haemangioma, haemangiomatosis, haemarthrosis, haematologia, haematoma (circumscribed accumulation of blood in tissues), haematonephrosis, azotaemia, cholaemia, uraemia, ureteritis, vasoresectio, vasotomia, ectopia, vasoconstrictio, myoma, myoblastus, thymocytus, myoblastoma, perimysium, endomysium, acrohidrosis, paraproctitis.

2.Myocardium, myometrium, carcinosarcoma, cytopenia, hydraemia, lymphocytus, lympho(cyto)penia, hydrarthrosis, lymphorrhoea, chondroblastus, chondroblastoma, chondrogenĕsis, herniorrhaphia, perivasculitis, epicranium, epipharynx, gastrocele, meningocele, anaemia, toxaemia, myasthenia, chondrodystrophia.

3.Neurosis, neuritis, neuroma, neurolysis, angioneurosis, adenotomia, lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, hyperaemia, lymphadenoma, lymphangioadenographia, hidradenitis, anhidrosis, aesthesiologia.

4.Angiectasia, phlebectasia, anaesthesia, hypaesthesia, phlebosclerosis, erythroblastus, ovocytus, dermatosis, dermographia, mesoderma, periderma, dermatitis, dermatostomatitis, sphygmographia, ureterolysis, pneumolysis, pneumonomalacia, lithotomia, lithiasis, cholelithiasis, urolithiasis, broncholithus, broncholithiasis, dysfunctio, chylothorax, chyluria, chylocele, paracystitis, achlorhydria (‘chlorhydr’ = hydrochloric acid).

5.Pyodermia, pyaemia, pyorrhoea, pyothorax, pyuria, pyometra, dyscrinia, secretio, incretio, endocrinologia, haemorrhagia, gastrorrhagia, odontorrhagia, oncogenĕsis, oncogramma (volume).

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6.Synostosis, myelopathia, aplasia, hyperplasia, dysplasia, metaplasia, myelodysplasia, myelosis, osteomyelitis, mastoptosis, hydrocephalus, otoneurologia, otitis, ophthalmologia, cholekinesis, hypopituitarismus, ductus bilifer, vesica biliaris s. vesica fellea, gynaecologia, paediatria, logopaedia, chondrocytus, haemocyti, gerontologia, hydrophilia, hydrophobia, geriatria.

7.Apnoë, hypopnoë, pneumocephalia, tenorrhaphia, aërohaemotherapia, pneumographia, respiratio, inspiratio, pneumarthrosis, sphygmogramma, atrophia, dystrophia, hypertrophia, vagotrōpus (a, um), anoxia, hypoxia, haemophilia, aërophagia, aërotherapia, ophthalmorheographia (“rheo-“ – electricity), typhloptosis, tetraplegia.

B. 1. Anergia, synergia, asynergia, hypergia, chirurgia, chondrodysplasia, tenodesis, atrichia, anonychia, onychorrhexis, dacryoadenitis; dacryolithus s. calculus lacrimalis; hyperdynamia, hypodynamia, amnesia, sialadenitis, sialorrhoea, coprostasis, galactostasis, epoophŏron, lipoma, dysmorphosis, pyoophoritis, pyosalpinx, pyoovarium, morphologia, phacomalacia, blepharitis, keratoma (on the skin), keratosis (on the skin), keratitis (about the eye), asthenopia, biopsia, pharmacophobia, fasciodesis, cytosis.

2. Cardioplegia, ophthalmoplegia, hypertrichia, aphonia, sphygmophonia, aethiologia, aethiopathogenĕsis, phrenicotomia, schizophrenia (schizo = split), paraphrenia, phacoma, lipodystrophia, dacryocystographia, dacryocystorhinostomia, hydrorrhachis, mesovarium, lipaemia, haemopo ësis, thermophilus.

C. Atelodontia, atelocheilia, ulorrhagia, uranoplegia, uranorrhaphia, meloplastica, meloschisis, odontolithus, odontogenĕsis, dysontogenĕsis, parodontitis, endodontitis, gnathitis, prognathia, progenia.

2. Build clinical terms in writing:

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3.-genesis tissue generation, development

4.-aesthesia disrupted sensitivity

5.-asthenia nervous weakness

11.-penia shortage of white blood cells

12.-cytosis increased number of white blood cells

13.-rhoea discharge of pus from the ear

17.-plasia malformation of an organ/tissue

18.-tensio NB! hypotensive drugs

19.-trophia insufficient tissue/organ nourishment, development

21.-phagia swallowing the air

22.-philia predisposition for hemorrhage

23.-phobia fear of women

24.-tropus affecting muscles

25.psych- 1) affecting mental processes;

2)a science about mental diseases and their treatment

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3. Build terms matching the description:

1.Tumour originating from sweat glands; tumour originating from (tissue of) thymus; presence of hemoglobin in urine; bile content in blood; concrement in vessel; (benign) tumour in fatty tissue; difficulty in swallowing; accumulation of pus and blood in pericardium; presence of pus in peritoneal cavity; muscular weakness; a science about blood diseases; cell pathology; inflammation of skin; disorder of development; inflammation of lymph vessels; inflammation of a lymph node; treatment with the help of blood; presence of galactose in urine.

2.Increased number of lymphocytes; congestion of bile; congestion of blood; movement disorder; cell destruction; uterine bleeding; tissue destruction; adjective meaning outside a cell; disorder of nutrition; absence of sensitivity; adjective

meaning outside peritoneum; disturbance of sensitivity; spasm of vessels; decreased tension; low pressure; accumulation of air and blood in pericardium; diminished breathing; inflammation of synovial bursa.

4.Build Latin names for different kinds of inflammation. State their Dictionary Entry Form:

Inflammation of mammary gland (of pancreas, external coat of veins, internal coat of veins, tissues around pancreas).

5.Write Latin names of organs, state their dictionary form:

Pylorus, liver, brain, duodenum, stomach, esophagus, larynx, pharynx, trachea, peritoneum, thorax, spleen, perineum, colon.

6. Translate the diagnoses into Latin:

A. Retrovesical abscess, neoplasm of renal pelvis, transpleural gastrectomy, floating kidney, obliterating bronchitis, retropharyngeal abscess, senile psychosis, hepatocellular jaundice, latent diabetes, cardiopulmonary decompensation, infectious mononucleosis, chronic tonsillitis, intermittent fever, renal anuria, atrophic pharyngitis, (post-)traumatic glaucoma, phlebothrombosis of the left shin

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(crus), cancer of stomach, acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, primary subacute bacterial endocarditis, endaortitis and arteritis of branches of aortic arch, atherosclerosis of cerebral arteries.

B. Subarachnoid abscess, latent allergy, intra-arterial anesthesia, pyeloretroperitoneal reflux, intrauterine infection, hypoplasia of bone marrow, ascending dilatation of heart, intravenous injection, subcutaneous injection, dental anomaly (anomaly of denture), abscess of hard palate, myocardial infarction.

7. Give Latin equivalents for the following English terms and explain their meaning:

A. Gastroenteritis, anhydrosis, endocardium, pericardium, periproctitis, endometrium, perimetrium, parametrium, cinematography, cholangiography, tendinitis, dysuria, vasculitis, dyspnoe, logasthenia, logorrhea, sphygmomanometry, meningo(en)cephalitis, hematotympanum, acrodermatitis, pyonephrosis, enterorrhagia, thoracodynia, aphonia, pyeloureterectasis, etiotropic. B. Adynamy, dynamometry, hydropyoureter, thymopathy, thymoma, asplenism, choledocholithotomy, biliothorax, mesometrium, mesocolon, thrombocytosis, thrombocytopoiesis, hem(at)olysis, vasography or angiography, oncogenic or blastomogenic; carcinogenic, anhydremia, cardiomonitor, spirometry, respiratory, amyotonia, amyotrophy, dysbacteriosis, ophthalmoscopy, mammography, mastopathy, uropoiesis, lymphopoiesis, pyometra, hematocolpos, cholestasis, enteroproctostomy, chyluria, chylostasis.

8. Explain the meaning of the adjectives in the terms related to anesthesia:

Infraorbital, buccal, mandibular, mental, lingual, palatal, paravertebral, presacral, retrobulbar (eyeball), epibulbar (eyeball), spinal, epidural, endoneural; perineural.

9. Single out combining forms, explain their meaning:

gerontostomatology.

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