1 курс / Латинский язык / Латинский_язык_и_основы_медицинской_терминологии_Жура_В_В_,_Мартинсон

The adjectives in the names of oxygen-free acids include the prefix hydro-, the stem of the acid-building element and the suffix –icum, e.g.: acidum hydrobromicum (hydrobromic acid).

Names of oxides, peroxides and hydroxides consist of two nouns where the first one – the chemical element – is in the Genitive Singular, the second one – the word oxydum, i n with corresponding prefixes – is in the Nominative Singular:

Zinci oxydum (zinc oxide)

Magnesii peroxydum (magnesium peroxide).

Oxides are translated as oxydum, i n; peroxide – peroxydum, i n; hydroxide

– hydroxydum, i n, e.g.:

Calcii oxydum (calcium oxide), Hydrogenii peroxydum (hydrogen peroxide), Calcii hydroxydum (calcium hydroxide).

VOCABULARY EXTENSION 4

CHEMICAL ELEMENTS

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ACIDS

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EXERCISES

1. Translate the following prescriptions into English

1)Recipe: Acidi folici 0.0008

Acidi ascorbinici 0.1

Da tales doses numero 30 in tabulettis

Signa:

2)Recipe: Solutionis Hydrogenii peroxydi dilutae 50 ml Da. Signa:

3)Recipe: Sulfuris depurati

Magnesii oxydi

Sacchari ana 10.0

Misce, fiat pulvis

Da. Signa:

4)Recipe: Unguenti Hydrargyri albi 5% 25.0 Da. Signa:

5)Recipe: Magnesii peroxydi 0.25

Da tales doses numero 12

Signa:

2. Translate the prescriptions into Latin:

1.Take: Benzoic acid 0.6

Salicylic acid 0.3

Vaseline 10.0

Mix to get an ointment

Give out. Indicate:

2.Take: Dragee of ascorbic acid 0.05m in the amount of 50 Give out. Indicate:

3.Take: Acetylsalicylic acid

Phenacetine 0.25 both

Caffeine 0.05

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Give out such doses in the amount of 12 in tablets Indicate:

4.Take: Yellow mercury oxide 0.6 Ichthammol 0.8

Zinc ointment 20.0 Mix to get an ointment Give out. Indicate:

5.Take: Salicylic acid 1.0

Zinc oxide

Wheat starch 1.25 both

Vaseline up to 50.0

Mix to get a paste

Give out. Indicate:

6.Take: Salicylic acid 5.0 Zinc oxide 25.0 Talcum powder 50.0 Mix to get a powder Give out. Indicate:

7.Take: Aminazine solution 2.5% 2 ml Glucose solution 5% 20 ml Mix. Sterilise!

Give out. Indicate:

8.Take: Buckthorn bark 30.0

Nettle leaves 20.0

Milfoil herb 10.0

Mix to get a tea

Give out. Indicate:

9. Take: Fluid aloe extract 1 ml

Give out such doses in the amount of 10 in ampoules Indicate:

10. Take: Menthol 2.5 Novocain Anesthesine 1.0 each

Ethyl alcohol 70 % up to 100 ml Mix. Give out. Indicate:

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11. Take: Oily synestrol solution 0.1% 1 ml

Give out such doses in the amount of 6 in ampoules Indicate:

12.Take: Ichthammol 1.25 Zinc oxide

Wheat starch 12.5 each Vaseline up to 50.0 Mix to get a paste Give out. Indicate:

13.Take: Antiasthmatic tea 50.0 Give out. Indicate

14.Take: Boric acid 1.0 Salicylic acid 5.0 Zinc oxide 25.0 Talcum powder 50.0 Mix to get a powder Give out. Indicate:

4. Translate into Latin:

Magnesium oxide; concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution; solution of lipoic acid in ampoules; vasographine for injections; alcoholic iodine solution; “Bormenthol” ointment; depurated sulfur; yellow mercury oxide; suppositories with xeroform, coated tablets of glutamic acid; diluted hydrochloric acid; streptokinase for injections; ethyl alcohol; peppermint oil; cordiamine for injections in unit dose syringes; tetracycline ointment; gum-tree oil; lily-of-the- valley herb; infusion of nettle leaves; powder of rhubarb root; decoction of buckthorn bark; hawthorn tincture.

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UNIT 5

CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE

OXIDE AND SALT NAMES

Pharmacopoeias of different countries use two main ways of building Latin names of oxides and salts. One of them can be conventionally called “international” as it is an official one in International Pharmacopoeia, although it is not accepted in all national pharmacopoeias. The other way, conventionally called “old”, is still used in prescription practice. We are going to use the international way of building chemical names; as for the “old” way, some examples are given to familiarize students with it:

Zincum oxydatum (“old” name) – Zinci oxydum (zinc oxide)

Zincum sulfuricum (“old” name) – Zinci sulfas (zinc sulfate)

Names of salts (and sometimes of simple ethers) consist of two nouns of which the first is the name of anion in the Nominative Singular, the other one – the name of cation – in the Genitive Singular. Anion names are built with the following suffixes:

-as (-atis, m) – for salts of oxygen-containing acids with maximum degree of oxidation; sulfas (Gen. sulfatis) – sulfate; nitras (Gen. nitratis) – nitrate ;

-is (itis, m) – for salts of oxygen-containing acids with lower oxidation degree: sulfis (Gen. sulfitis) – sulfite; nitris (Gen. nitritis) – nitrite;

-idum (i, n) – for salts of oxygen-free acids: bromidum (Gen. bromidi) – bromide; iodidum (Gen. iodidi) – iodide.

NOTE. Anions in –as and –is are nouns of the III declension. Their Genitive Singular form ends in –is; this ending is added to the stem: -at+is; -it+is.

International Salt Names:

Natrii sulfas (Gen.Sing. Natrii sulfatis) – sodium sulfate

Natrii sulfis (Gen.Sing. Natrii sulfitis) – sodium sulfite

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Cupri citras (Gen.Sing. Cupri citratis) – copper citrate;

Kalii chloridum (Gen.Sing. Kalii chloridi) – potassium chloride;

Hydrargyri iodidum (Gen.Sing. Hydrargyri iodidi) – mercury iodide;

Thiamini bromidum (Gen.Sing. Thiamini bromidi) – thiamine bromide

Morphini hydrochloridum (Gen.Sing. Morphini hydrochloridi) – morphine hydrochloride.

Examples of salt names in the “old” way:

Natrium sulfuricum – sodium sulfate

Kalium arsenicosum – potassium arsenite

Cuprum citricum – copper citrate

Kalium chloratum – potassium chloride

Morphinum hydrochloricum – morphine hydrochloride

In rare cases names of radicals function as independent words. In sauch cases they end in –ium, ii n, e.g.: Methylii salicylas – methyl salicylate (methylated ether of salicylic acid). Phenylii salicylas – phenyl salicylate (phenylated ether of salicylic acid). Amylii nitris – amyl nitrite (isomaylated ether of nitrous acid).

NOTE 1. Latin names of basic salts are built adding the suffix –as and prefix sub- : Bismuthi subnitras – basic bismuth nitrate.

NOTE 2. Names of sodium and potassium salts consist of a substance name and the suffix –natrium or –kalium in the Nominative case: Sulfacylum-natrium; Barbitalum-natrium.

VOCABULARY EXTENSION 5

DRUGS

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