- •Part I
- •Text. Physics and physical phenomena
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •M. V.Lomonosov
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Measurement of Volume
- •Text. The metric system
- •Dimensions of a Solid Body
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Origin of the Metric System
- •Text. The kinetic theory and the three states of matter
- •3 Not to matter — не иметь значения will make full use — займут
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Mass and weight
- •3. Much, more, the most; little, less, the least; good, bet ter,
- •4, .,. Er than, more ... Than
- •5. At, on, over .., etc.
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text, force, work, energy and power
- •Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •1. Have supported, has altered....
- •2. Energy can be converted...
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Isaac Newton
- •Text. Heat
- •1. Heat is known to be a form of energy.
- •2. You place, you placed, you have placed. They take, they took, they have taken.
- •3. Newton began to think about heat.
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Transmission of heat
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Good and Bad Conductors of Heat
- •Text. Calorimeters
- •1. It is usual to transfer ...
- •2. There is; is there; there is no ...
- •3. The setting up of ...; the reading of ...
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Wave motion and sound
- •1. It does not move forward but returns again...
- •2. It is evident, it is clear.
- •Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Light
- •1. It becomes red-hot, it is the reason, it was cold...
- •2. High temperature produced by..., in a substance called... . Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Reflection and refraction of light
- •1. Do bodies emit? Does he make? Did it represent?
- •2. Have they shown? Had he travelled? Was it reflected? Is he going? Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Lenses
- •1. After leaving the lens...
- •Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Simple cell
- •1. The twitching of; the reading of...
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Voltaic Cells
- •Text. The accumulator
- •1. A plate containing, a plate being immersed...
- •2. Achieved by connecting; determined by testing...
- •Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Text. Principle of electric motor
- •1. They are used to pull...
- •2. When viewed, while doing...
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Electric Bell Circuit
- •Text. Moving-coil ammeter and voltmeter
- •Exercises
- •Laboratory Exercises
- •Additional Material
- •Moving-Coil Galvanometer
- •Text. Electromotive force
Laboratory Exercises
10. Listen and practise the pronunciation of the following
words:
electricity, recognize, physicist, accuracy, cloth, compare, metric, instance, voltage, general, magnetic, length, agree, pedagogical.
11. Listen and repeat in pauses:
Every trained physicist must be able to measure accurately distances, volumes, masses, time and temperature. Tc make any measurement we need some fixed quantity called a unit. Every physical quantity has its own unit of measurement. The litre is the unit of volume, the ton is the unit of weight, while the metre is the unit of length. To measure the size of anything means to compare it with the unit of length — the metre.
12. Listen to these questions on the above text and answer them:
1. What must a trained physicist be able to measure accurately? 2. What do you need to make any measurement? 3. What is the metre? 4. What is the ton? 5. What is the litre?
13. Ask questions using the model:
Model: The length of a table is measured by cormparing it with a metre.
How is the length of a table measured?
1. The milk is measured by the litre. 2. The coal is measured by the ton. 3. The cloth is measured by the metre.
14. Listen to this dialogue and learn it by heart:
—- Now, Nick, let us have a talk about measurement. What do you need to make any measurement?
— I need some fixed quantity called a unit.
--That's all right. You are familiar with the idea that measurement requires a system of units, aren't you?
......Certainly, I am. Every physical quantity has its own
unit of measurement.
-- You are quite right. What units of volume do уоu know?
_ Oh, it depends on the system. In the M.K.S. system
16
the unit is the cubic metre, though the litre and the milli litre are widely used. Do you know the volume of 1 litre? --- Yes, I do. 1 litre is the volume of exact1y 1 kilogramme of water, measured at a temperature of 4 0 Сеlsius.
15. Say this in English:
1. Физика изучает теплоту, звук, свет и свойства мате-рии. 2. Каждая физическая величина имеет свою единицу измерения. 3. Жидкость измеряется литром. 4. Вес измеряется килограммом, длина измеряется метром. 5. Мы говорим, что литр — это единица объема, метр---единица длины и тонна — единица веса.
16. Suggested topics for oral narration:
1. What are quantities of fundamental significance? Why must we consider the units of these quantities first?
2. What is M.K.S. system? Describe the main units of this system.
Additional Material
Read the text and note the important details:
1. Guess the meaning of these words:
graduated, cubic, system, maximum, practical, decimetres, laboratory, cylinder, flask, pipette, divisions.
Answer the questions below about details of the text:
a) What does the choice of measuring vessels depend on? b) What is the unit of volume for all scientific purposes? c) What measuring vessels are used in the laboratories?