5. Stylistics is a linguistic subject.

Stylistics is a linguistic subject. It deals with the expressive and stylistic means of a language.

Foreign linguists often consider style as:

a) a technique of expression, b) peculiarities of individual man­ner, c) the study of form devoid of content.

There are two varieties of language: the spo­ken (oral) and the written.

The oral type requires, the presence of the interlocutor The written type doesn’t require presence of the interlocutor. In oral speech we use the into­nation, stress, gestures, mimics and voice qualities. In writing we use different means.

There are 5 main styles in the English literary language:

1. The belles-letters style.

2. The publicistic style.

3. The newspaper style.

4. The scientific prose style.

5. The style of official documents.

Literary language is the language of science, newspapers, documents, belles-letters and non-literary English is everyday life language of family. Both literary and non-literary English are forms of the national language. But there are some differences between them.

6. Changes in Old English Vowel Phonemes.

Changes in Old English vowel phonemes

Changes in Old English vowel phonemes took place in the prehistoric period of the development of the English language. They explain the difference between Old English and Common Germanic vowels which were of two types: assimilative changes and independent (non-assimilative) changes.

Independent cannot be explained, but they are merely stated.

Assimilative changes are explained by the phonetic position of the sound in the word. The most important of them are breaking and palatal mutation.

6.*** By John

The text I am going to analise written by John O’Hara.

This story about punctual Laura. She met her love Frank after 10 years. They discussed not consisting meeting many years ago and was found out, that he is not guilty in their separation but she is guilty. Because she hasn't arrived on a meeting.

Hyperbole: He was very polite, very attentive as though, every afternoon at four he greeted young women who were walking out on their husbands because they had fallen madly in love with someone else.

Repetitions: wait//wait/wait; why/why: I/I/I

Epithet: standing over her with his charming smile/said in flat voice

Phraseology: better never than late

Inversion: was always that way

The main idea of the text is don't do something about what you can regret

I think that it is a very sad story about circumstances which stay two lives for 10 years have left.

5.The Filipino and The Drunkard

I want to tell you a few words about story “The Filipino and the Drunkard” written by Saroyan. The story is about boy and drunkard. The drunkard took a sudden dislike to the small Filipino, telling him to get back, not to crowd among the white people. He didn’t like the fact that the Filipino was wearing good clothes. The boy tried to hide from the drunkard, but he find him. All of this situation finished very sad because the boy killed the drunkard.The main idea of this story is “A fool always rushes to the fore.” (Дурак всегда лезет вперед. Глупый ищет большого места, а умного и в углу видать)

The writer uses rather many different SD.

I found some SD, for example: repetition (to rage…to rage) shows us boy’s feelings; alliteration (took, to, telling, the, trying) shows us how the drunkard pestered with boy; hyperbole (everyone knew what he had done) shows us bad situation; words with negative connotation (swearing, demanding, pounding, shouted, screamed) shows us boy’s and drunkard’s conflict.

I don’t like this story because this situation is not good. I think that would be one can escaping.

7. Articulatory and Physiological Classification of English Consonants

According to the work of the vocal cords and the force of exhalation consonants are subdivided into voised and voiceles.

The force of exhalation and the degree of muscular tension are greater in the production of voiceless consonants therefore they are colled by the Latin word "fortis", which means 'strong, energetic'.The English consonants do not enter into fortis-lenis oppositions.According to the position of the active organ of speech and the place of obstruction consonants are classified into: labial, lingual, glottal.

Labial consonants are subdivided into: 1) bilabial and 2) labiodental.1) Belabial consonants are produced with both lips. 2) Labiodental cononants are articulated with the lower lip against the adge of the upper teeth

Lingual cononant are subdivided into: 1) Forelingual consonants are articulated with the tip or the blade of the tongue.

2) Mediolingual consonants are produced with the front part of the tongue. 3) Backlingual consonants are also called velar, they are produced with the back part of the tongue raised towards the oft palate "velum".

Russian phoneticians divide the tongue into the following parts: front with the tip (1), middle (2), and back (3). Following L.V. Shcherba's terminolgy the front part of the tongue is subdivided into apical (a), dorsal (d), cacuminal (c) and retroflexed (d) according to the position of the tip and the blade of the tongue in relation to the teethridge.

A.C. Gimson's terms differ from those used by Russian phoneticians: apical is aquivalent to forelingual; frontal is equivalent to mediolingual; dorsum is the whole apper area of the tongue.

First of the all some phoneticians suggest a classification of consonants according to the manner of noise ptoduction from the viewpoint of the closure, which is formed in their articulation. It may be: