Конверсия

Упражнение 21.

В следующих предложениях встречаются глаголы, образованные путем конверсии; определите, с какими однокоренными прилагательными или существительными они соотносятся; переведите на русский язык и глагол, и исходное слово.

A. 1) But at last, after much care and pain I had two large clay jars which I dried hard in the sun. 2) This letter remained in my drawer all day. After tea I asked for permission to go and post it. 3) Two great streets cross and divide the city into four quarters. 4) Such a conclusion would have satisfied the philosophers of Europe, who reason in the same way. 5) You may remember that I lectured in Newark not long ago for the young gentlemen of the society. 6) I've told you forty times not to touch that jam or I would whip you. 7) Sighing he dipped his brush and began to whitewash. 8) I did what I could to show him how I made the gun go off, and let him see I would not harm him with it.

B. 1) I picture myself taking courage to make a declaration to Miss Larkins. 2) In her breast was something which wanted to flood her. 3) She might come and room with her. 4) Whenever he met a great man he groveled before him, and my-lorded him as only a free-born Briton can do. 5) This club was housed comfortably on Twelfth street near Fifth Avenue. 6) We'd better have him shadowed when he lands. I’ll cable at once. 7) If I idled for a day, no one except my fellow-students remarked it. 8) The skin was striped almost like the shirt, but in red. 9) They valued their lives. 10) The windows were blacked with cardboard from ration boxes. 11) Most strikers are employed at Singapore naval base on the northern coast of the island, where about 300 men manned pickets.

Упражнение 22.

В следующих предложениях выпишите образованные путем конверсии глаголы и существительные; сгруппируйте их, исходя из их семантических отношений с исходным словом. Выделите группы глаголов, образованных от названий частей тела, животных и др.

A. 1) I was afterwards told by a friend, a person of high rank that the court was faced with many difficulties because of me. 2) The bed, chairs and tables were all screwed to the floor to prevent them from falling and overturning, because of the movement of the horse or carriage. 3) He put the bark quickly in his pocket; then he bent over, kissed her gently, and went away, latching the door behind him. 4) She makes me get up just at the same time every morning; she makes me wash and comb. 5) The call echoed down the empty passages like a mocking laughter. 6) “What is money after all!” said Mr. Dombey backing his chair a little ... 7) The Congress of American Women issued leaflets exposing the criminal aggressive nature of the North-Atlantic pact; it sent delegations to the Senate and campaigned energetically against the pact in various other ways. 8) I have got, all my creepers to nail up, and all my flowers to water, and all the grass to roll. 9) By God, you're going to have a feed, my boy. 10) The rejection slip was so tactfully worded that he felt kindly toward the editor. 11) However, I now end the second Part of my unfortunate voyages. 12) But I was suddenly awakened by a violent pull.

B. 1) The Frenchman fingered the dollar. 2) He had sense enough to radio back for armoured reinforcement. 3) A speechless colonel faced Pettinger. 4) She cocked her head and twisted and turned and buried one small ear in the fur, while Mr. Rubenstein stood by eyeing her with not a little admiration and almost rubbing his hands. 5) We'd just cornered the old fox; and then Amanda must have her silly laugh and lets him out of it. 6) Laborde ducked inside the tank. 7) She took out the clipping and handed it to him. 8) I phoned the office of Delacrois. 9) Captain Crawley of the Life Guards rode up from Knightsbridge Barracks the next day, his black charger pawed the straw before his invalid aunt's door. 10) DeWitt and Willoughby closeted themselves. 11) So intolerable did this seem to him that he was very near to telegraphing an excuse and staying up. 12) For as Rebecca was shawling her in an upper apartment Amelia said, “Rebecca, I see it all.” 13) All persons in society, all cliques in society - or, rather, nearly all persons and cliques ape their betters. 14) She had wired that it would be Friday. 15) Abramovici craned his neck around Yates's arm to read. 16) It is needless to particularize the number of the vehicle, or to state that the driver was stationed thus early in the neighbourhood of Swallow street ... 17) D'you think you're the man to head it? 18) Perhaps the span bridging this moment and that haze covered morning when his boat edged its way down the Hudson was so vast that he couldn't see he had reached its end. 19) Yates's eyes focused and he asked sharply. 20) Laborde eyed them despairingly. 21) From the first Soames had nosed out Dartles's nature.

Упражнение 23.

Определите, в каком случае глагол употреблен в значении, наиболее близком к значению исходного существительного. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

B. I. 1) The man facing her looked pale and exhausted. 2) We're faced with a practical problem. 3) The room faced the backwater of traffic and was very silent.

II. 1) Some tree trunks, lying across the road, blocked the way. 2) He alone blocked the riot that was due. 3) DeJeannent had blocked him - but DeJeannent had nobody behind him, no real government, no country, no industry.

III. 1) It is advisable to air the room before going to bed. 2) A man and a woman airing their children went by strung in Sunday fashion.

Упражнение 24.

Найдите однокоренной глагол к каждому из следующих существительных. Употребите глаголы, образованные по конверсии в предложениях.

B. 1) back; 2) shoulder: 3) top; 4) collar; 5) line; 6) dress; 7) pause; 8) park; 9) ape; 10) flood; 11) seal; 12) pen; 13) cotton; 14) cloud; 15) brave.