Эвфемизмы

Упражнение 10.

В следующих предложениях подчеркните эвфемизмы и определите, какие слова они заменяют.

B.1) Her father wrote a letter to Miss Pinkerton recommending the orphan child to her protection, and so descended to the grave. 2) He is the comfort of my life, and he is the image of – of him that is gone. 3) Many years after her ladyship's demise Sir Pitt led to the altar Rosa. Old Timothy; he might go off the hooks at any moment. 4) They won't date. Won't they? My gum! 5) The driver was stationed thus early in hopes that some young buck might need the aid of his vehicle, and pay him with the generosity of intoxication. 6) He would mutter: “Gad! Get on with it!” or: “Cripes!” 7) 'I hope I shall kick the bucket long before I'm as old as grandfather, 'he thought. 8) Mr. Forsyte has passed away, sir – in his sleep the doctor says. 9) Mr. Reed had been dead nine years; it was in this chamber he breathed his last.

Антонимы

Упражнение 11.

Переведите следующие предложения и подчеркните антонимы.

A. 1) The Union of French Women, for example, did splendid work in organizing relief for striking miners, and all along it has actively supported the fight for higher wages and lower prices. 2) He was beginning to understand that certain circles preferred dark clothes to the bright gay colours some of the delegates wore. 3) He is more afraid of the cold than of the heat. 4) Large and small steamers with Swedish flags come and go all year round. 5) While I was lying here two rats climbed up on the bed and ran smelling backwards and forwards. 6) Who helps them to dress in the morning and undress at night. 7) I tried him with light jokes, then with heavy jokes; I told him bad jokes and I told him good ones; I fired old jokes at him, I fired red-hot new -ones; I warmed up to my word, and attacked him on the right and left, in front and behind; I talked until I was hoarse and sick and angry; but I never moved him once - I never saw a smile or a tear on his face. 8) Take off your clothes and put on mine, and I shall put on yours. 9) I found three barrels of powder, two of them dry and good. The third was wet. 10) Far away across the city I see a young man in a small room under the roof of a big house. 11) Every good story teller nowadays starts with the end, and then goes on to the beginning, and concludes with the middle.

B. 1) There were two figures walking in a side path; one was rather short and stout; the other rather tall and slim. They were Mr. Tupman and Mr. Jingle. (D.) 2) They were very different – one tall and blond, the other small and dark. 3) I had grown taller and he had grown shorter and smaller and rounder. 4) He took his seat in a far corner of the dining-room whence he could see all entrances and exits. 5) Between him and the four other brothers there was much difference, much Similarity. 6) But whereas the girl was so dark-eyed and dark-haired that she seemed to receive a deeper and more lustrous colour from the sun, when it shone her, the boy was so light-eyed and light-haired that the self-same rays appeared to draw out of him what little colour he ever possessed. 7) There were also those who had wonderful tales of the goodness of the white man to tell, and those who had horrible tales of the badness of the white man to tell. 8) And June stood before him, her resolute small face raised from her little height to his great height, and her hand outheld. 9) In the few hundred yards before he reached his Square, he was chiefly conscious of the tallness of houses, the shortness of men. 10) Am I so very thin, Tony? I do so want to get fat. 11) I'd nothing to gain and everything to lose. 12) It was the work of an architect whose dream was a new house perfectly old, and an old house perfectly new. 13) Who should sit on her right and who on her left? 14) She avoided unnecessary greetings or farewells. 15) The sun comes up from the east and goes down to the west. 16) Every day is a day of adventure with its cold and heat, its light and darkness, its cycles of exultant vigour and exhaustion of hunger and satiety. 17) I stand midway between youth and age like a man who has missed his train: too late for the last and too early for the next. 18) But how can they differ about right and wrong? 19) “Well, Mr. Danby,” he said, “your generation may like the soft in literature, but you're precious hard in life.” 20) You cannot have power for good without having power for evil too.

Упражнение 12.

Напишите антонимы к выделенным словам.

A. 1) There was much learning of long passages of poetry from a “Poetry Book”. 2) The lessons seemed to me long and difficult. 3) In summer we play together and we fight to see who is the strongest and we run to see who is the fastest. 4) Miss Miller ordered the monitors to put away the books and bring the supper trays. On each tray there were small pieces of thin, dry oat-cake, a jug of cold water and one glass. 5) She chose a cheap restaurant and entered, but was disturbed to find that the prices were too high for the size of her purse. 6) As the interpreter finished translating, Little Wolf said something to the Wild Hog. 7) It wasn't so clever of me bringing you into this, was it? 8) Their house is old and ugly, with dirty walls and black ceilings. 9) He was tall and strong and his clothes were made of rich material. 10) I believe he has a very large income. 11) You are strong and quite well. 12) She made Rebecca accept a sweet white dress, which was too small for her now. 13) He was a fine open-faced boy, with blue eyes and fair hair, strong in limb, but generous and soft in heart. 14) That teacher, Miss Scatcherd, is so cruel to you. 15) They were all dressed alike in ugly brown dresses. 16) The coach was empty of passengers by this time. 17) He shut the door quickly. 18) "No one knows I am here," Ruth said in a faint voice. 19) The room was long, low and gloomy. 20) When he went away, I was sad again. 21) If he had been humble the man probably would have been kind to him. 22) Round the garden ran a very high wall. Miss Miller led me into a wide long room with large tables. He was large and fat for his age. 25) The book looked dull. There were no pictures in it. 26) They were eating very slowly. 27) I cut a thick stick for a weapon. 28) They decided to ask the old man to settle their quarrel. 29) You went out in the rain last night in your beautiful new overcoat. 30) It's too good a coat for me, that bright blue coat with its shining buttons. 31) "Are you singing?" says a rough voice. 32) Still those hostile eyes stared at him.

B. 1) How nice and slim he looked in his white waistcoat, and his dark thick lashes! 2) She was rather short, with a deliciously round figure and a thick plait of hair. 3) In front of a big bookcase, in a big chair behind a big table, and before a big volume sat Mr. Nupkins, looking a full size larger than anyone of them, big as they were. It was quiet in the big hall. 4) There were many similar men, owners or part-owners in small factories, small businesses, and small industries - small capitalists, in short. 5) He' had very little - money to spare. 6) I like everything that's old: old friends, old times, old manners, old books, old wine; and I believe Dorothy you'll own I have been pretty fond of an old wife. 7) Presently I stood within that clean bright kitchen. 8) They have set me up here so high that I can see all the ugliness and all the misery of my city. 9) This room was chill, because it seldom had fire. 10) It is your place to be humble and to try to make yourself agreeable to them. 11) I should not like to belong to poor people. 12) He doesn't look well. 13) She was a horrid selfish girl, always ill and complaining, and never satisfied no matter how much you did for her. 14) Little Tom Stubble held out his hot and feeble hand. 15) No wonder she felt unhappy. 16) She was, in fact, clever. 17) I'm sure those are not the right words. 18) He is very kind and good, but he scarcely ever speaks to me. 19) The parlour was rather a small room, very plainly furnished; yet comfortable, because clean and neat. 20) The road got narrow and bad. 21) I went to the post-office and then came back through the heavy rain with wet clothes but with a light heart.

Упражнение 13.

Подберите антонимы к прилагательным.

B. 1) She was a little dark woman with vivid colouring. 2) She was a short, plump girl, pale, with daring, rebellious eyes. 3) He went up the short flight of stairs to his room. 4) He was hard but he was just. 5) With a large business there is always less waste and greater efficiency. 6) In one room we could see the stale light of candles burning. 7) The only gay things were the chintz coverings of the sofa and the arm-chair cushions bright red in the bare sombre room.

Упражнение 14.

Заполните пропуски словами-антонимами из приводимого списка.

B.1) low-high, 2) low-loud, 3) tall-short, 4) big-little, 5) old - young, 6) dim - bright, 7) dark –

fair, 8) upper -lower.

1) The houses on either side were ___ and large. His steps echoed through the ___ building with a hollow sound. If it was fashionable to wear ___ heels, everybody wore them. She wore the thinnest stockings and shoes with very ___ heels. Bing's ___ spirits had vanished. My mother was sitting by the fire very ___ in spirits. 2) “Don't turn your head,” she said in a ___ voice. Martin was brought to a sudden pause by a ___ voice from within. 3) She was not ___ like her mother, but - like her father. He was no' ___er than she and looked ___er, being strongly built. 4) He was a ___ strong man. One of his most popular personages was a ___ fat man. 5) “You may think you're very ___,” he said, "but you strike me as extremely ___ .” 6) The large bonnet was revealing the glories by the light of a ___ lamp that swung from the roof. A little winding through some muddy alleys brought them to the ___ lamp of a Police Station. The stars grew pale and ___. She raised her eyes to the ___ stars. 7) The first was a tall lady with ___ hair. The boy had ___ hair which curled a little. 8) Dock-yard people of ___ rank don't know dock-yard people of ___ rank. Is there any water in the ___ part of our city? On the ___ floor several lights glowed with a soft radiance.