14. Answer the following questions.

1) What are gates used for?

2) What types of gates are there?

3) What do the flashboard gates consist of?

4) When are the flashboard gates removed?

5) What do stop logs consist of?

6) What are stop logs used for?

7) What do needles consist of?

8) Are needles quite difficult to place in flowing water?

9) Where are needles used for?

10) Why must outlet works be provided?

11) Why must all outlet works be provided with gates or valves?

12) What is a sluiceway?

13) What do the outlets of most dams consist of?

14) When are several sluiceways required?

15) May sluiceways be polygonal in shape?

16) What should the interior of sluiceways be?

17) What is also important for sluiceways?

15. Finish the following sentences according to the text.

1) The spillway crest can be obtained ... .

2) The flashboard gates consist of ... .

3) The logs may be ... .

4) Stop logs are ordinarily used for ... .

5) There are some other types of gates, such as ... .

6) The water may be discharged into ... .

7) Considerable attention should be given to ... .

16. Fill in the sentences with the words from the list below.

predetermined	rectangular	channel
needles	pipes	sluiceways
emergency bulkheads	circular	temporary
a hoist	water	spillway

1. Additional storage of ... above the ... crest can be obtained by the installation of ... or movable gates.

2. The logs may be raised by hand or with ... .

3. Flashboard gates are removed when water surface reaches a ... level.

4. ... consist of timber with their lower ends resting in a keyway on the spillway crest and their upper ends supported by a bridge.

5. Needles are used mainly for ... where they need not be replaced until flow has stopped.

6. The water may be discharged into the ... below the dam or may be transported in ... or canals to some distant point.

7. The outlets consist of one or more ... .

8. Sluiceways may be ... or ... in shape.

17. Using the dictionary add as many words as possible into the table.

Verb	Noun	Adjective
1.	installation
2.		movable
3.	determination
4. to leak
5.	requirement
6. to enter
7.	regulation
8.		wide
9.		narrow
10.	variation

18. Fill in the necessary prepositions then choose any five items and make sentences.

1) to consist ___ sth.;	6) to be discharged ___ sth.;
2) to place ___ sth.;	7) to be transported ___ sth.;
3) to be required ___ sth.;	8) to be provided ___ sth.;
4) to be used ___ sth.;	9) to be ___ about min level;
5) to be supported ___ sth.;	10) to give attention ___ sth.