33. Fill in the correct prepositions, then choose any five items and make sentences.

1) to be built ___ blocks of concrete; 2) different kinds ___ dams; 3) to transfer the force ___ the foundation; 4) to build ___ canyons; 5) ___ a 45-degree angle; 6) to be known ___ fill dams; 7) to make ___ more than half the dam; 8) to compact ___ rollers; 9) to serve ___ protection ___ water action; 10) ___ addition.

34. Make the following sentences shorter.

1) Embankment dams are constructed of materials dug out of the ground which include rocks, gravel, sand, silt, and clay.

2) Earth-fill dams are constructed by means of hauling the earth materials into place and compacting them layer upon layer with the help of heavy rollers.

3) A large roller which is located horizontally between piers can be raised and lowered to allow ice and other materials to pass through the dam without much loss of reservoir water level.

35. Complete the following text with the words derived from the words in brackets.

Hoover dam is the _____ (high) concrete arch dam in the U.S., _____ (to build) on the Colorado River at the Arizona-Nevada _____ (to border).

It _____ (impoundment) Lake Mead. The dam, _____ (completion) in 1936, is _____ (to use) for flood and silt _____ (controlling), electric power, _____ (to irrigate), and domestic and industrial water _____ (to supply). It is 726 ft (221 m) high and 1,244 ft (379 m) long (along the crest), _____ (to have) a power capacity of 1,345 megawatts, and a volume of 4.4 million cu yd (3.36 million cu m).

36. Look at the table, fill in the blanks and fulfill the following tasks. World’s Highest and Largest Dams

I …
Dam		Location		Type		Height in feet		Height in meters
Rogun		Tajikistan		Earth-fill/ Rock-fill		…		335
Nurek		Tjikistan		Earth-fill		984		300
Grand Dixence		Switzerland		Gravity		…		285
Inguri		Georgia		Arch		892		272
Chicoasen		Mexico		Rock-fill		856		261
Tehri		India		Earth-fill/ Rock-fill		856		…
Kishau		India		Earth-fill/ Rock-fill		830		253
Sayano-Shushensk		…		Arch		804		…
Guavio		Colombia		Rock-fill		797		243
II … (Based on volume of dam structure)
Dam	Location		Type		Volume in cubic yards		Volume in cubic meters
Chapeton	Argentina		Earth-fill/ Gravity		387,400,000		296,200,000
Pati	Argentina		Earth-fill/ Gravity		…		238,100,000
Tarbela	Pakistan		Earth-fill/ Rock-fill		194,200,000		148,500,000
Fort Peck	United States		Earth-fill		125,600,000		…
Lower Usuma	Nigeria		Earth-fill		121,600,000		93,000,000
Cipasang	Indonesia		Earth-fill/ Rock-fill		117,800,000		…
Atatürk	Turkey		Rock-fill		111,200,000		85,000,000
Rogun	…		Earth-fill/ Rock-fill		…		71,300,000
Guri	Venezuela		Rock-fill/ Gravity		92,720,000		70,889,000

Source: World Book

a) Answer the following questions.

1. Which of these two tables depicts the largest dams, the highest dams?

2. What dam is the largest in the world?

3. What is its volume in cubic meters?

4. Where is it situated? What is its kind?

5. What dam is the highest in the world?

6. Where is it situated?

7. What is its height in meters?

8. What dam is considered to be the highest and at the same time one of the largest?

9. How many embankment dams are listed in the table?

10. How many masonry dams are listed in the table?

11. Can the dam be the highest as well as the largest in the world?

12. Why are there different dams in these two tables? (Try to explain)

b) Compare the following dams.

Model: Rogun/ Nurec - Rogun dam in Tajikistan is higher than Nurec dam.

1) Tehri/Sayano-Shushensk. 2) Guri/Lower Usuma. 3) Guavio/Grand Dixence. 4) Cipasang/Pati. 5) Atatürk/Tarbela.

c) Try to find any information about any mentioned in the table dam.