17. Make a plan and then a short summary of the text.

18. Choose the odd word.

1. shape / profile / form / silhouette / outline / surface

2. to obtain / to achieve / to gain / to create / to acquire

3. to act / to carry out / to execute / to fail / to function / to work

4. approach / attitude / manner / technique / achieve

5. to stand / to remove / to withdraw / to displace / to eliminate / to delete

6. to resist / to move / to confront / to counteract / to oppose / to withstand

19. Find in the text the synonyms of the following words.

1) performance - …	5) final - …
2) difficult - …	6) outline - …
3) function - …	7) basis - …
4) oppose - …	8) weight - …

20. Match the words with their opposites.

1) convex	a) straight
2) sloped	b) simple
3) stability	c) instability
4) complicated	d) collect
5) dissipate	e) appear
6)distribute	f) horizontal
7) thick	g) wide
8) narrow	h) curved
9) vertical	i) thin
10) submit	j) resist

21. Fill in the correct prepositions then choose any five items and make sentences.

1) to be curved ___ plan; 2) to be capable ___ resisting; 3) to be ___ concrete; 4) ___ comparison ___ sth.; 5) because ___ the narrow base; 6) an approach ___ arch analysis; 7) to be designed ___ this basis; 8) ___ a usual manner; 9) to take care ___ sth.; 10) to be similar ___ sth.; 11) to provide ___ sth.

22. Make adjectives from the following words then choose any five items and make your own sentences.

stiffness, hydraulics, horizon, importance, strength, to close, to minimize, width, narrowness

23. Translate the following words into Russian.

Строительные работы, собственный вес, слегка изогнутый, напор воды, распределение давления, непроницаемое основание, отводить воду, уменьшать утечку воды, размеры плотины, заливать поочередно, сбрызгивать водой, боковая поверхность, предотвращать сцепление блоков, соседние секции, обеспечивать доступ, просачиваться в плотину, ремонт затворов и клапанов, достигать стабильности, особенно эффективный, вертикальные и горизонтальные направления, береговые устои, многочисленные разрушения, замешивание и выдерживание бетона, слой раствора, гарантировать лучшее сцепление, давать усадку, выделять тепло, обладать устойчивостью, тонкое поперечное сечение.

24. Find the translation of the following terms and memorize their meaning.

outside base	succession	settlement
sloping	axis	to harm
membrane	space	spread footings
to transmit	to vary	to range
water load	formwork	poor foundation
a series of	a beam	cantilever action
right angle	diaphragm	to slide up
upright buttresses	stiffener	a gap
a flat-slab dam	a brace	to relieve
a multiple-arch dam	buckling	mat foundation
aggregate	width	a great deal of
acceptable	articulation	a cut-off wall
flat adj	i.e.	powerhouse
a slope	rigidly	saving
a slab	to attach	removal
reinforced concrete	overburden	asphaltic putty
water-treatment plants	a trench	water tightness