- •Часть I
- •3. Глагол to have (The Verb to have)
- •4. Множественное число существительных (Plural of Nouns)
- •Запомните особые случаи образования множественного числа существительных.
- •Text a. Learning Foreign Languages
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b. Handicapped people do useful work
- •Vocabulary
- •I. Read the text and do the tasks after it.
- •Text c. A person who happens to be blind
- •Vocabulary
- •Text d. About Poverty Level
- •About myself and my family
- •Vocabulary
- •Text. About Myself and My Family
- •I. Read the text ‘About Myself and My Family’ and answer the questions.
- •4. What sign was your mother ( father ) born under?
- •2. Неопределенные и отрицательные местоимения (Indefinite and Negative Pronouns)
- •Much, many, little, few
- •3. Indefinite (Simple) Tenses
- •Text a. Education in the Russian Federation
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b. Schooling in the United Kingdom
- •Vocabulary
- •Text c. University Education in Great Britain
- •Text d. Oxford
- •Britain’s Universities
- •Higher Education in Great Britain
- •Tula State University
- •Vocabulary
- •Text. Tula State University
- •2. Future Indefinite (Future Simple) Tense. Active Voice
- •4. Числительные (Numerals)
- •Хронологические даты
- •Text a. American teenagers and their free time
- •Text b. Leisure-time activities
- •My working day
- •My working day
- •1. Повелительное наклонение (Imperative Mood)
- •2. Местоимение it (The Pronoun it)
- •3. Словообразование. Приставки dis-, un-, in- (Word-building. Prefixes dis-, un-, in-)
- •4. Времена группы Indefinite (повторение) (Indefinite Tenses. Revision )
- •Text a. The Use of leisure
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b. Culture, Leisure, Entertainment, Sports
- •Text c. Holidays and Festivals
- •Text d. What are young people doing at Christmas ?
- •Vocabulary
- •Leisure activities and skills
- •The Weekend
- •Hobbies
- •Peter’s hobby
- •At the Supermarket
- •Discover the secret You
- •Запомните :
- •2. Функции that (The Functions of that)
- •(Word-building. The suffixes of nouns)
- •Text a. Your visit to england
- •Past Perfect Tense. Future Perfect Tense
- •(Word –building. The prefix re-)
- •Text a. Once again about Ozone Holes
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Времена группы Continuous. (Continuous Tenses. Продолженные времена)
- •2. Словообразование. Суффиксы прилагательных (Word-building. The suffixes of adjectives)
- •- Able, - ible
- •Text a. He Started Britain’s Railways
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b.
- •Text c. Inventors and Their Inventions
- •The Progress of Science
- •Vocabulary
- •Science
- •Passive Voice
- •1. Сказуемое в Passive Voice переводится:
- •(Word-building. The suffixes of verbs)
- •Text a. Science and Technology
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b. The telegraph
- •Text c. Thomas alva edison (1847 - 1931)
- •Vocabulary
- •Text d. Coming Events
- •Great Scientists
- •Mikhail Lomonosov
- •Roentgen
- •Tsiolkovsky - Founder of Austronautics
- •The Scientists and the Watches
- •1. Модальные глаголы и их заменители (Modal Verbs and Their Equivalents) Can be able to
- •2. Многофункциональность глаголов to be, to have to be
- •Text a. British Economy
- •Vocabulary
- •Экономика Великобритании
- •Text c. The Subject of the Science of Economics
- •Text d. Single Currency Not in Circulation Before 2002
- •On Economics
- •Text. Us Economy
- •Экономика сша
- •Talking Business
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 10
- •1. Sequence of Tenses (Согласование времен)
- •2. Direct and Indirect Speech
- •1) При переводе предложения из прямой речи в косвенную, соблюдаются все правила последовательности времен.
- •Text a. Information Age: For and Against
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b. Computer System
- •Vocabulary
- •Text c. A message from the President
- •Text d. Hard Disk Troubles
- •Introduction
- •Text e. The new way of looking at things: MultiSync' monitors
- •I wonder …
- •Let’s dream of ai (Artificial Intelligence) Artificial intelligence
- •Input Eliza
- •It's my girlfriend. So, you're worried about your girlfriend.
- •I'm a bit upset. Why do you feel upset?
Tsiolkovsky - Founder of Austronautics
Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky, the founder of astronautics, was born in 1857, in the village of Izhevsk, in Ryazansky province. When he was ten he had scarlet fever, and was left permanently deaf. This had a great influence on his life.
Only when Tsiolkovsky reached the age of fifteen he began to study elementary mathematics. At about this time he first thought of constructing a large balloon with a metallic envelope. Realising that his knowledge was not enough, he began to study higher mathematics. The result was that he became a mathematics and physics teacher and remained so for nearly forty years.
Tsiolkovsky carried out experiments on steam engines for a time, but then he returned to the theoretical study of the metallic dirigible. In 1887, his first published paper on the dirigible appeared. Mendeleyev was interested in this work and helped Tsiolkovsky. The account of this aeronautical work was submitted to the Academy of Sciences who regarded it favourably and made Tsiolkovsky a grant of 470 roubles.
He had not given up his idea about space travel. A popular report on this subject was first published in 1895. Tsiolkovsky's idea of a spaceship was based on the use of liquid fuels.
During the next fifteen years Tsiolkovsky worked over other designs for spaceships. They were not meant to be working drawings for the construction of these vessels but as a rough guide to the equipment. Some of them are now standard practice in the guided missile field. He published several articles and books dealing with the mathematical theory of rocket flights and space travel. His calculations were used in modern theory of cosmonautics and practical space flights. They showed that it would be possible to travel out into space in rockets and even to set up manned space stations around the Earth.
Tsiolkovsky's contribution to science is so great that he is considered to be “Father of Cosmonautics”.
There is a competition among citizens of your town for the best name of a new street. You are sure that the street should be named after a scientist. Try to convince the jury in it. In your speech present information on:
The name of the scientist you’d like the street to be named after.
Where and when he/she was born and worked.
The field of science this scientist worked in.
The discovery or invention he/she made.
Where the results of his/her work are used now.
Why you have chosen this very scientist.
Discuss the traits of character of a real scientist.
Speak about any great scientific discovery.
Pretend you are an inventor. Here is your chance to make you own invention. Describe you invention. What does it look like? What does it do? How does it work? Add drawings or a diagram if you wish. Your invention can be funny or serious.
Write a short sci-fi story. The main hero wants to change the weather and the length of the days and nights on Earth.
D i a l o g u e s
Read the following dialogues. Reproduce them in pairs.
Dialogue 1
A. Whom was an automobile invented by? B. An automobile was invented by Benz. A. When was it constructed? B. The first automobile was constructed in 1855. A. What country was it built in? B. It was built in Germany.
Dialogue 2
A. What is known as a diode? B. The simplest tube with two elements is known as a diode. A. How are these elements called? B. They are named a cathode and an anode. A. Where are diodes used? B. The diodes are used as detectors, as rectifiers and as switching devices.
Dialogue 3
A. Can you tell how many generations of computers are known today? B. Certainly, I can. Five generations are known today. A. Do you know what tubes were used in the first generation? B. Let me think... It was based on vacuum tubes. Am I right? A. Certainly, you are.
Dialogue 4
A. What generations of computers are widely used now? B. Don't you know it? The fourth generation is used now! A. What are they built on? B. They are constructed on integrated circuits and chips. A. It's very interesting. Tell me, please, what are computers used for? B. They are used for solving complex problems.
Dialogue 5
A. Have you ever heard of physics of high energies? B. Certainly, I have. The particles of nuclei are being studied by it. A. What name has been given to these particles? B. They have been named high energy particles. A. Can you tell me about this discovery? B. With pleasure! The discovery has been made possible due to a new experimental technology.
Dialogue 6
A. What is going on in our laboratory? B. I think a new experiment is being carried out there. A. Whom is it being made by? B. I'm afraid I've forgotten his name. A. Let me think... Oh, it's professor Glushkov! B. Right you are! His name has been known since 1980.
HSPACE=12 height=124 width=173 align=LEFT>Just for Fun
Read this story and try to answer the questions after it.