- •Часть I
- •3. Глагол to have (The Verb to have)
- •4. Множественное число существительных (Plural of Nouns)
- •Запомните особые случаи образования множественного числа существительных.
- •Text a. Learning Foreign Languages
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b. Handicapped people do useful work
- •Vocabulary
- •I. Read the text and do the tasks after it.
- •Text c. A person who happens to be blind
- •Vocabulary
- •Text d. About Poverty Level
- •About myself and my family
- •Vocabulary
- •Text. About Myself and My Family
- •I. Read the text ‘About Myself and My Family’ and answer the questions.
- •4. What sign was your mother ( father ) born under?
- •2. Неопределенные и отрицательные местоимения (Indefinite and Negative Pronouns)
- •Much, many, little, few
- •3. Indefinite (Simple) Tenses
- •Text a. Education in the Russian Federation
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b. Schooling in the United Kingdom
- •Vocabulary
- •Text c. University Education in Great Britain
- •Text d. Oxford
- •Britain’s Universities
- •Higher Education in Great Britain
- •Tula State University
- •Vocabulary
- •Text. Tula State University
- •2. Future Indefinite (Future Simple) Tense. Active Voice
- •4. Числительные (Numerals)
- •Хронологические даты
- •Text a. American teenagers and their free time
- •Text b. Leisure-time activities
- •My working day
- •My working day
- •1. Повелительное наклонение (Imperative Mood)
- •2. Местоимение it (The Pronoun it)
- •3. Словообразование. Приставки dis-, un-, in- (Word-building. Prefixes dis-, un-, in-)
- •4. Времена группы Indefinite (повторение) (Indefinite Tenses. Revision )
- •Text a. The Use of leisure
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b. Culture, Leisure, Entertainment, Sports
- •Text c. Holidays and Festivals
- •Text d. What are young people doing at Christmas ?
- •Vocabulary
- •Leisure activities and skills
- •The Weekend
- •Hobbies
- •Peter’s hobby
- •At the Supermarket
- •Discover the secret You
- •Запомните :
- •2. Функции that (The Functions of that)
- •(Word-building. The suffixes of nouns)
- •Text a. Your visit to england
- •Past Perfect Tense. Future Perfect Tense
- •(Word –building. The prefix re-)
- •Text a. Once again about Ozone Holes
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Времена группы Continuous. (Continuous Tenses. Продолженные времена)
- •2. Словообразование. Суффиксы прилагательных (Word-building. The suffixes of adjectives)
- •- Able, - ible
- •Text a. He Started Britain’s Railways
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b.
- •Text c. Inventors and Their Inventions
- •The Progress of Science
- •Vocabulary
- •Science
- •Passive Voice
- •1. Сказуемое в Passive Voice переводится:
- •(Word-building. The suffixes of verbs)
- •Text a. Science and Technology
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b. The telegraph
- •Text c. Thomas alva edison (1847 - 1931)
- •Vocabulary
- •Text d. Coming Events
- •Great Scientists
- •Mikhail Lomonosov
- •Roentgen
- •Tsiolkovsky - Founder of Austronautics
- •The Scientists and the Watches
- •1. Модальные глаголы и их заменители (Modal Verbs and Their Equivalents) Can be able to
- •2. Многофункциональность глаголов to be, to have to be
- •Text a. British Economy
- •Vocabulary
- •Экономика Великобритании
- •Text c. The Subject of the Science of Economics
- •Text d. Single Currency Not in Circulation Before 2002
- •On Economics
- •Text. Us Economy
- •Экономика сша
- •Talking Business
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 10
- •1. Sequence of Tenses (Согласование времен)
- •2. Direct and Indirect Speech
- •1) При переводе предложения из прямой речи в косвенную, соблюдаются все правила последовательности времен.
- •Text a. Information Age: For and Against
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b. Computer System
- •Vocabulary
- •Text c. A message from the President
- •Text d. Hard Disk Troubles
- •Introduction
- •Text e. The new way of looking at things: MultiSync' monitors
- •I wonder …
- •Let’s dream of ai (Artificial Intelligence) Artificial intelligence
- •Input Eliza
- •It's my girlfriend. So, you're worried about your girlfriend.
- •I'm a bit upset. Why do you feel upset?
Text a. The Use of leisure
By the way in which a man uses his leisure his character can be told - more surely, in all probability, than the way he does his work. For most men, work is necessity in order to gain a living. Vast numbers of men have not been able to choose what work they would do, but have been forced by economic necessity to take the first job that came their way. But in their leisure time, they do what they really want to do and their real selves are reflected in their actions.
Some people are completely passive during leisure hours. If such people go out they go to some place of entertainment where no effort is required by them, a cinema or a dance-hall, and if the latter, they do not dance but simply sit and watch other dancing.
A different type of person hurries home from work full of eagerness to begin on some scheme which he has been planning for his leisure time. Perhaps his hobby is carpentry or model engineering or gardening. This is the creative type of character. For him, his leisure hours are full of promise and he can look back on them with satisfaction when he reviews what he has achieved in them.
Millions of people all over the world like to travel during their holidays. They travel to see other countries and continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, they enjoy picturesque places, or just for a change of scene. It is always interesting to discover new things, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms.
Those who live in the country like to go to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City-dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea or in the mountains, with nothing to do but walk and bathe and laze in the sun.
Most people enjoy sports - both playing sports themselves and watching their favourite sports and teams. Major professional sports events - baseball, football, basketball, and hockey, as well as golf and tennis - are witnessed by tens of thousands of fans, and by millions more on TV.
The whole virtue of leisure which brings a change of scene or occupation is that it is only temporary. Sooner or later leisure time comes to an end, and one should go back to his normal life. If he has used his leisure time well, he ought to feel a very deep regret that it is over, and it ought to have refreshed him and filled him with vigour for the true work of his life to which he is now returning.
Leisure should be refreshment; it should send a man out with fresh spirits to battle with the problems of life. Sometimes this freshness comes not from doing anything, but by filling one's mind with fresh springs of beauty. A man gets full value from his leisure by watching nature, listening to music, or reading noble books. By this sort of occupation he makes his own mind a richer and fuller treasure house. This is the true use of leisure.
Vocabulary
leisure, n досуг, свободное времяin all probability по всей вероятностиnecessity, n необходимостьto gain a living зарабатывать на жизньvast, adj огромныйchoose (chose, chosen),v выбиратьforce, n силаv заставлять, принуждатьentertainment, n развлечения, увеселенияeffort, n усилие, попыткаrequire, v требоватьeagerness, n пыл, рвение, желаниеhurry, v торопиться, спешитьcarpentry, n плотничные работыmodel engineering техническое моделированиеgardening, n садоводствоsatisfy, v удовлетворятьcreative, adj творческий, созидательныйreview, v обозревать, осматриватьachieve, v достигатьtravel, v путешествоватьancient, adj древнийdiscover, v открывать, обнаруживатьquiet, adj тихий, спокойныйbathe, v купатьсяlaze, v бездельничать, лентяйничатьregret, v сожалеть, гореватьrefresh, v освежать, подкреплять(ся)vigour, n сила, энергияpromise, n обещаниеtemporary, adj временныйvirtue, n добродетель, достоинство, целомудриеspring, n источник, родникthe former …the latter первый … последний (из ряда перечисленных)
Read and transcribe the following words. Consult the dictionary:
leisure, scheme, ancient, picturesque, restaurant, quite, quiet, sea, bathe, rhythm, virtue, museum.
Guess the meaning of the following international words. Consult the dictionary.
Nouns: character, action scheme, plan, hobby, model, type, million, continent, ruins, music, gallery, restaurant, sports, visit, baseball, football, basketball, hockey, golf, tennis, occupation, nature, sort.
Adjectives: economic, passive, modern, interesting, exotic, professional, normal.
Read the verbs and the nouns derived from them. Translate the nouns:achieve - достигать achievement - ...refresh - освежать refreshment - ...entertain - развлекать entertainment - ...satisfy - удовлетворять satisfaction - ...occupy - занимать occupation - ...create - создавать creativeness - ... .
Match the English and Russian words:
entertainment
eagerness
necessity
hurry
ancient
effort
force
gardening
satisfy
achievement
discovery
spring
пыл, рвение
торопиться
усилие, попытка
заставлять, принуждать
древний
необходимость
развлечения
достижение
открытие
источник, родник
удовлетворять
садоводство
Find the opposites to the first word in each line:
to rest / to try, to last, to get, to work;to leave / to walk, to come, to live, to die;passive/ creative, interesting, professional, active;rich / poor, pure, full, beautiful;to laze / to live, to lie, to work, to look;ancient / old, typical, different, modern.
Read the text ‘The Use of Leisure’. Find the English equivalents for the following Russian phrases:
для большинства людей работа - необходимость; по всей вероятности; делать то, что действительно хочется; их подлинное "Я" отражается в поступках; полные стремления начать какое-нибудь дело; творческий тип личности; развалины древних городов; наслаждаться живописными местами; открывать новое; горожане любят тихо проводить отдых у моря; десятки тысяч болельщиков смотрят крупные спортивные состязания; испытывать глубокое чувство сожаления; источники прекрасного.
Read the text ‘The Use of Leisure’ again. Answer the following questions:
1. Can the character of a man be told by the way of using his leisure? 2. What is work for most people? And what about leisure time? 3. What can you say about people who are passive during leisure time? 4. How does a creative type of person use his leisure hours? 5. Do most people like travelling? What is the purpose of travelling? 6. Where do those who live in the country like to go? What about town-dwellers? 7. Do you like sports? Do you prefer going in for sports or watching sports events? 8. What does one feel when he has used his leisure time well? 9. What should leisure be? 10. How does a man get full value from his leisure? 11. How do you prefer to use leisure time?
Express disagreement with the following utterances. Prove your statements by the facts from the text. Begin your sentences with the following:
I don't agree with you ... You are mistaken ... As far as I know ...
1. All people are passive during their leisure time. 2. In their leisure time people can't do what they really want. 3. It’s not interesting to travel. 4. People can't enjoy sports. 5. Everyone is glad when leisure time is over. 6. The true use of leisure is sleeping or watching TV.
Complete the following sentences:
1. By the way in which a man uses his leisure his character can be told more surely than ... . 2. For most men, work is necessity ... . 3. In leisure time people do ... . 4. Those who live in the country like ... . 5. City-dwellers usually like ... . 6. The whole virtue of leisure time is that ... . 7. Sooner or later leisure time comes to an end and ... . 8. A man gets full value from his leisure by ... .
Speak about your own way of using leisure time.