4. Answer the questions below.

A language

Translation that closely follows every word in a source text.

B language

Renders written text from one or more languages into an other language, usually into her language of habitual use.

C language  

A translation of a translation.

Accredited translator

Translation with the aid of computer programs.

Ad hoc interpreting

A language that a translator or interpreter can read and understand well enough to translate out of, but cannot write or speak well enough to translate or interpret into.

Back translation

Spoken translation between two languages in informal conversations between two or more people.

Computer-aided translation (CAT)

A language that a translator or interpreter can speak, read and write almost as well as their native language, and well enough to translate into as well as out of.

Consecutive interpreting

Producing a rough or outline translation of a text to provide an insight into the subject and overall content of the source text.

Equivalent language

Oral translation of a speaker’s words into another language when the speaker has finished speaking or pauses for interpreting.

Escort interpreter

Translation that closely adheres to the wording and construction of the source text.

Free translation  

Translation in which more emphasis is given to the overall meaning of the text than to the exact wording

Gisting

The language of the equivalent time period and class or profession in the other language.

Idiomatic translation

An interpreter who travels with an individual or small delegation during technical, state visits, trade shows, etc., usually performing whispering interpreting or wireless interpreting.

Interpreter

Provides oral (spoken) translation of a speaker’s words from one language into another.

Language of habitual use

Similar to simultaneous interpreting, whereby the interpreter sits close to the listener and whispers the translation without technical aids.

Liaison interpreter

Interpreter who provides – usually consecutive – interpretation between two languages in both directions.

Literal translation

A translation that conveys the meaning of the original, or source text, by using equivalent language and the forms and structures of the target language, in order to produce a translation that reads like an original.

Machine translation (MT)   

The interpreter’s dominant language, into which he or she is competent to interpret professionally. Usually, but not always, this is the interpreter’s native language.

Passive languages

Translator who has received accreditation from a professional institute such as the ITI or the ATA.

Relay

A translator with training, knowledge, and experience in a particular technical field, such as engineering, chemicals, electronics, etc.

Sight translation

Translation produced by a computer program.

Simultaneous interpreting  

The languages from which an interpreter is competent to interpret professionally.

Technical translator

In simultaneous interpretation, this refers to interpreting from an interpretation, not directly from the speaker, and it is used when an interpreter does not know the language of the speaker.

Translator  

Oral translation of a speaker’s words into another language while the speaker is speaking.

Whispered interpreting

The language that a person is most familiar with, usually the language spoken in the country in which the person lives.

Word-for-word translation

The oral translation of a text.