Do you know these words?

to differentiate	дифференцировать
according to	в соответствии с …
level	уровень
common	обычный, распространённый
first-line	низшего ранга
title	должность
executive	руководитель, администратор
chief executive officer	президент компании, директор
to establish	устанавливать
external environment	внешнее окружение
officials	должностные лица
to acquire	приобретать
research	исследование
to abandon	оставлять, покидать
facility	оснащение, оборудование
to work long hours	работать сверхурочно
operations manager	директор-распорядитель
to be responsible for	отвечать за что-либо
to implement	приводить в исполнение
to supervise	смотреть, наблюдать за чем-либо
supervisor	инспектор, контролёр
to handle	регулировать, распоряжаться
inventory	.материально-производствнные запасы
equipment failure	повреждение оборудования
minor	второстепенный, менее значимый
to rid	избавляться
to eliminate	исключать
to make cut	сокращать, урезать
foreman	мастер, старший рабочий
rank	1. ряд 2. чин, ранг
personnel	личный состав, персонал
subordinate	подчинённый

1. Answer these questions:

1. What three basic levels of managers do you know?

2. What are the common titles found in the given groups of managers?

3. Which group of managers does a plant manager (a chief executive officer of a company, a supervisor) belong to?

4. What kind of work do top managers perform?

5. What decisions do top managers make?

6. What group of managers officially represents the organization to the external environment?

7. What are middle managers responsible for?

8. Why have many organizations to thin the ranks of middle managers?

9. Is the group of middle managers important? Why?

10. What is the task of first-line managers?

2. Match the types of managers and their activities:

Top managers Middle managers First-line managers

making decisions about acquiring other companies, entering various markets and building new plants handling inventory management establishing organization’s overall strategy implementing policies and plans supervising and coordinating the activities of operating employees controlling the whole organization representing the organization to the external environment

3. Translate these words having one stem:

to manage – manager – management – managerial

to execute – executor – execution – executive – executable

to supervise – supervisor – supervision – supervisory

to organize – organizer – organization – organizational

to establish – establisher – establishment

to represent – representative – representation

to invest – investor – investment

to employ – employer – employee – employment

4. Translate these word combinations into English:

менеджер высшего ранга, управление материально-производственными ресурсами, контроль за работой подчинённых, повреждение оборудования, общая стратегия, приводить в исполнение чьи-либо планы, принимать решения, излишняя бюрократия

5. Translate the sentences into Russian. Mind different forms, meanings and functions of the verb ‘to be’.

1. Managers are responsible for leading the people directly under them, who are called subordinates.

2. Middle managers are managers beneath the top levels of the hierarchy who are directly responsible for the work of other managers below them.

3. Top managers are managers at the very top levels of the hierarchy who are ultimately responsible for the entire organization.

4. Top-level managers are often referred to as executives, although the term “executive” also is sometimes used to include the upper layers of middle managers as well.

5. This employee is very valuable to us; he has contributed a lot to our success.

6. Managing directors and heads of finance, sales and marketing divisions were among the highest paid.

7. Employees in top positions are becoming more and more interested in benefits, for example, cash bonuses for staying with a company more than three years.

8. Middle managers are those in the hierarchy between senior management and front-line managers or line managers, the people managing employees.

6. Complete the following sentences using suitable forms of words.

These are the words denoting staff of an organization:

managing director director subordinate

junior executive supervisor superior

colleague staff employee

senior executive middle manager work-force

1. The group of executives working below the top managers is generally called … .

2. Valerie is an important person in our company. She is a member of the Board of … .

3. Peter, a recent university graduate, has been with the firm for a year. He is at present … … and is being trained for a managerial position.

4. Their … is expanding rapidly. They now have over 5,000 employees.

5. At least 50% of our … have been with the company over 10 years.

6. … … in an organization generally have more benefits than lower-level managers.

7. We are a small group in the Research Department. Fortunately, I get on well with all my … .

8. I work under Mr. Brown. He is my … .

9. Sheila and Tom work under my authority. I am their boss and they are my … .

10. Our telephone operators work under the direction of a … .

11. I am responsible for … training and development.

12. A … … is a person of high rank in an organization, usually next in importance to the Chairman.

7. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. The amount of responsibility of any individual in a company depends on the position that he or she occupies in its hierarchy.

2. Organizations, particularly very large ones, often have several layers of middle managers.

3. Top managers typically oversee the overall planning for the organization, work to some degree with middle managers in implementing that planning, and maintain overall control over the progress of the organization.

4. The function of setting an example is critical: sometimes the good example can be unnoticed but the bad example can be immediately detrimental.

5. Group planning is an essential part of the process of involving everybody in the activities that will lead to the goal.

6. The chairman or chief executive officer holds one view, but general manager or director may not agree with the boss.

7. He has done a lot with his company in barely two years in the top job.

8. Along with the openness that is unusual in top managers, he possesses another useful managerial quality: luck.