3. Предлоги времени

Предлоги – это служебные слова, которые показывает отношение существительного (или местоимения) к другим словам в предложении. Они не выполняют самостоятельной функции в предложении и поэтому не являются членами предложения.

in – в ( время дня ,месяц, сезон , год, век)

at – в ( час , праздники)

on – в ( дни недели, даты, со словами день и ночь on a cold day, on a summer night )

by – к ( срок совершения действия )

for - в течение ( период времени )

Следующие выражения с предлогами студенты должны знать наизусть:

Above all - главным образом

After all - в конце концов

Day after day – день за днем

Soon after that –вскоре

Long after–спустя долгое время

At all - вообще

At best – в лучшем случае

At home - дома

At the age (of) –в возрасте

At the beginning – в начале

At the end – в конце

At the expense – за счет

By chance – случайно

By mistake – по ошибке

From day to day –со дня на день

From morning till night --c утра до вечера

on business – по делу

In conclusion –в заключение

In exchange – в обмен

In fact – в действительности

In time – вовремя

In vane – напрасно

By the(week) -понедельно

By (day) - днём

On the way - по дороге

On foot - пешком

And so on - и так далее

4.Географическое положение и государственное устройство Новой Зеландии.

Insert the prepositions. Read the text about New Zealand and translate it.

New Zealand

New Zealand is situated … the southwest of the Pacific Ocean … large islands: the North Island and the South Island. Its total area is 268,112 sq. km.

Less than 1/4 … the territory of the country lies below 200 m contour line. The South Island is significantly more mountainous than the North Island. New Zealand has a temperate, an ocean climate without marked seasonal variations … temperature rainfall.

The total population … 1986 was … 3.3 mln people … average population density of about 12 persons per sq. km. About S of the population is classified as Europeans. Most of them are …British descend. English is the universal language.

The capital … New Zealand is Wellington. Like the United Kingdom New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy. Officially the head … the state is the British Queen (or the King) whose representative, the governor-general, is appointed … a five-year term. The Head … the government is the Prime Minister. Legislative body is the House … Representatives, a unicameral body consisting 84 members elected … universal suffrage … 3 years. Four of the members of the House of Representatives are elected directly by the Maori people.

Local divisions are about 100 counties, 128 boroughs 10 towns and districts.

The government … New Zealand is democratic and modeled on that o: United Kingdom.

The economy of New Zealand has traditionally been based on pastoral farming. The last decades have seen a large expansion in the light industries. New Zealand draws many thousands of tourists to its shores because of the beauty, diversity, and compactness of its natural attractions.

Fill in the gaps with articles where it is necessary.

History. Polynesians, the ancestors of present-day Maoris, settled on these islands in the X—XIV centuries. In 1642 the islands were discovered by Abel Janszoon Tasman, the famous Dutch navigator but Maoris refused to allow him to land and in 1796 they were explored by Captain James Cook. This was followed by British colo­nization. Maoris fought desperately, but they were overwhelmed by a superior enemy. Maori Wars ended in 1870. The colony became a dominion in 1907, and is an independent member of the Com­monwealth. New Zealand fought on the side of Allies in both world wars. New Zealanders do not miss an opportunity to remind foreigners of a generally little known fact: in per capita terms, their country's contribution to the fight against nazi Germany was the greatest of all the former British dominions.

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя гла­гол to be в Present или Past Simple.

1. Погода была прекрасная. Было тепло и сол­нечно. Мои дети были в школе, а мой муж был на работе. Я была в саду. Там было много красивых цветов. Это было в мае. Я была счастлива. 2. Я ученик. 3. Он летчик. 4. Она доктор. 5. Мы школь­ники. 6. Вы рабочие. 7. Ты рабочий. 8. Они ученики. 9. Я дома. 10. Он в школе. 11. Она в кино? 12. Мы в парке. 13. Они в театре? 14.Она моло­дая? 15. Он старый. 16. Она не старая. 17. Они сильные. 18. Она больна. 19. Вы больны? 20. Он болен? 21. Я не болен. 22. Я был болен вчера. 23. Она не была больна. 24.Мы были в кино.25.Австралия была открыта в 17 веке. 25.17 миллионов человек живет в Австралии.26.Автсралийцы делают много хороших фильмов.27. Джейн Кампьон из Новой Зеландии, но иногда она работает в Австралии.

For you to know

Australian films

Australians make a lot of good films. And they export a lot of TV programmes, especially 'soap operas', to other English-speaking countries. But their film industry is not new. In fact, it is as old as Hollywood. The Story of the Kelly Gang, the true story of a famous criminal, came out in 1906. Today Australians are proud of their film industry, and the government gives money to the production companies.

The most famous Australian director is Peter Weir. He made Picnic at Hanging Rock about a group of schoolgirls who disappear after a picnic. The historical film Gallipoli, starring Mel Gibson, is anti-British; in the First World War, Australians die fighting for the British - the film asks why.

Two exceptional women directors make films in Australia. Gillian Armstrong's My Brilliant Career is a nostalgic story of poor farmers 100 years ago; the young daughter wants to escape and become a writer. Jane Campion is from New Zealand but sometimes works in Australia. Her most famous films are An Angel at my Table, Sweetie, and The Piano. (The Piano won the main prize at the Cannes Film Festival in 1993.)

Some Australian films look at the sad history of the Aborigines. The Chant of Jimmy Blacksmith (director Fred Schepisi) shows a young man, half Aborigine and half white, caught between the two societies.

There are some big international successes from Australia. You probably know the Mad Max films and the Crocodile Dundee films. You should also see Strictly Ballroom; it is a wonderful and very funny story about young dancers and their disagreement with the old-fashioned world of ballroom dancing.