Лекція № 17

Тема 1: Часи англійського дієслова - the Past Perfect Tense.

Мета: Ознайомити з новою ГС - Past Perfect. Навчити утворювати стверджувальні, питальні, заперечні речення в Past Perfect та вживати їх в мовленні.

Основна література

1. Верба л. Граматика сучасної англійської мови. - к.: Логос, 2001. – 342 с.

2. Голіцинській Ю. Граматика-збірник вправ.-К.: Методика, 2005. – 205 с.

3. Качалова К. Практическая грамматика английского языка.- К.: Методика, 1996.– 250 с.

4. Клементьева Т. Повторяем времена английского глагола. – М.: Полиграф, 2004. – 207 с.

5. Кравченко О. 516 упражнений по грамматике английского языка. – М.: Лист, 2000. – 150 с.

6. Jenny Dooley. Grammarway 3. - Express Publishing. 2000. – 216 c.

7. John Eastwood. Oxford Practice Gramar. - Oxford University Press, 2006. – 440 с.

Додаткова література

1. Павліченко о. М. Англійська мова. Граматичний практикум. – х.: Ранок, 2011. – 304 с.

2. Betty Azar. Basic English Grammar. – Pearson Longman, 2005. – 500 c.

3. David Rieley. Practical Grammar. – Heinle, 2010. – 272 c.

4. Fiona Davis. Active Grammar. – Cambridge, 2011. – 200 c.

5. Marjorie Fuchs. Grammar Express. - Pearson Longman, 2003. – 420 c.

6. Virginia Evans. Round-Up. - Pearson Longman, 2011. – 190 c.

The Past Perfect Tense (минулий доконаний час)

§ 1 Запам’ятайте, як утворюється the Past Perfect Tense

(+) She / he / I / we / they / you - had arrived / translated / gone / written

They had written the test by 5 o’clock. She had translated the article by that time.

(?) Had she arrived / gone? – Yes, she had. / No, she hadn’t.

Had they translated? – Yes, they had. / No, they hadn’t.

Had they written the test by 5 o’clock? Had she translated the article by that time?

(-) She (had not) hadn’t arrived / gone. They hadn’t translated.

They had not written the test by 5 o’clock. She hadn’t translated the article by that time.

§ 2 Past Perfect вживається для вираження дії, яка відбулася і завершилася в минулому до іншої минулої дії:

She had finished work when she met her friends for coffee.

He had done his homework by 6 o’clock yesterday.

When we got home last night, we found that somebody had broken into the flat.

§ 3 Past Perfect вживається для вираження дії, яка завершилася до певного моменту в минулому, але її наслідки були очевидними в минулому:

He was happy. He had signed an important contract.

She was sad. She had not met Alan.

§ 4 Past Perfect часто вживається з наступними виразами: before, after, already, just, for, since, till / until, when, by… o’clock, by the time, never;

Завдання для самоконтролю

Вправа 1 Поставте речення у питальну та заперечну форму

1. The pupils had translated the text before the bell rang. 2. Kate had done her lessons by eight o'clock. 3. I had packed my things by the time mother came home. 4. Peter had studied English before he entered the institute. 5. The girls had cleaned the room by the time their mother came back. 6. We had reached the village before the sun set. 7. He had written the letter by 6 o’clock.

Вправа 2 Напишіть речення в часі the Past Perfect

1. They plant bushes every year. 2. Anna is swimming now. 3. The cat has just eaten the meat. 4. Kate peels potatoes every day. 5. I grate the carrots for the soup. 6. Norma stewed the fruit for dessert. 7. They are going to drink some orange juice. 8. Mother laid the table a minute ago. 9. We ironed our shirts in the morning. 10. They listen to the music every day.

Вправа 3 Відкрийте дужки, вживаючи the Past Perfect Tense

1. The girl was glad that she (to find) a seat near the window. 2. Suddenly he remembered that he (not to ring) her up in the morning. 3. By the time we came to see him, he (to return) home. 4. He told me that he (to buy) that pie at the corner of the street. 5. He told me that he already (to write) his composition. 6. I (to translate) the text before the bell. 7. She (to do) her lessons by the evening. 8. He (to clean) his room by five o'clock? 9. We (not to speak) to him before the meeting. 10. Mother (to cook) dinner by seven o'clock. 11. Her son (not to do) the home task by nine o'clock. 12. She (not to make) a dress before party. 13. What they (to do) by three o'clock? 14. Who (not to write) the exercise before the bell? 15. Why you (not to sweep) the floor before your mother's coming? 16. Your child (to go) to bed by ten o'clock?