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Лекція № 9 / 10

Тема: Часи англійського дієслова – the Past Indefinite Tense

Мета: Ознайомити з новою ГС - Past Indefinite. Навчити утворювати стверджувальні, питальні, заперечні речення в Past Indefinite та вживати їх в мовленні.

Основна література

  1. Верба л. Граматика сучасної англійської мови. - к.: Логос, 2001. – 342 с.

  2. Голіцинській Ю. Граматика-збірник вправ.-К.: Методика, 2005. – 205 с.

  3. Гусак т. Modern English Grammar in Practice.-Дрогобич: Коло,2004. – 230с.

  4. Качалова К. Практическая грамматика английского языка.- К.: Методика, 1996.– 250 с.

  5. Кравченко О. 516 упражнений по грамматике английского языка. – М.: Лист, 2000. – 150 с.

Додаткова література

  1. Павліченко о. М. Англійська мова. Граматичний практикум. – х.: Ранок, 2011. – 304 с.

  2. Betty Azar. Basic English Grammar. – Pearson Longman, 2005. – 500 c.

  3. David Rieley. Practical Grammar. – Heinle, 2010. – 272 c.

  4. Fiona Davis. Active Grammar. – Cambridge, 2011. – 200 c.

  5. Marjorie Fuchs. Grammar Express. - Pearson Longman, 2003. – 420 c.

  6. Virginia Evans. Round-Up. - Pearson Longman, 2011. – 190 c.

The Past Indefinite Tense (минулий неозначений час)

§ 1 Запам’ятайте, як утворюється the Past Indefinite Tense

(+) I / he / she / we / it / they/ you – returned / translated / worked / left / went

She watched TV yesterday. He went to the cinema last week.

She was here two hours ago. They were in London last month.

(?) Did he return / leave? – Yes, he did. /No, he didn’t.

Did she watch TV yesterday? Did he go to the cinema last week?

Was she here two hors ago? Were they in London last month?

Who watched TV yesterday? Who went to the cinema last week?

(-) He did not return / leave.

She did not watch TV yesterday. He didn’t go to the cinema last week.

She was not here two hours ago. They weren’t in London last month.

§ 2 Ми вживаємо the Past Indefinite Tense для дії, яка відбулася у визначений час у минулому. Час здійснення дії або вказано, або зрозуміло з контексту:

They went camping by the lake last month. They had a great time.

We wrote a test yesterday. The test was not very difficult.

§ 3 The Past Indefinite Tense вживається для вираження декількох дій, які відбулися в минулому безпосередньо одна за одною:

First she paid the driver, then she got out of the taxi.

First he read the message, then he called his boss.

§ 4 Ми вживаємо the Past Indefinite Tense для дій або станів, які вже є завершеними, тобто вони повністю відносяться до минулого. В цьому випадку можливо вживати вираз used to:

Kitchens were / used to be very different a hundred years ago.

People traveled / used to travel by carriage in those days.

I drank / used to drink a lot of coffee last year.

§ 5 The Past Indefinite Tense вживається з наступними виразами: last night / week / month / Tuesday, yesterday, the day before yesterday, then, when, How long ago ...?, three days ago, in 1997;

§ 6 Вивчіть утворення трьох форм неправильних дієслів:

Infinitive

Past

Past Participle

Interpretation

be

become

begin

bite

blow

break

bring

build

burn

burst

buy

can

catch

choose

come

cost

cut

dig

do

draw

dream

drink

drive

eat

fall

feed

fight

find

fly

forget

forgive

freeze

get

give

go

grow

hang

have

hear

hide

was\were

became

began

bit

blew

broke

brought

built

burnt

burst

bought

could

caught

chose

came

cost

cut

dug

did

drew

dreamt

drank

drove

ate

fell

fed

fought

found

flew

forgot

forgave

froze

got

gave

went

grew

hung

had

heard

hid

been

become

begun

bitten

blown

broken

brought

built

burnt

burst

bought

(been able to)

caught

chosen

come

cost

cut

dug

done

drawn

dreamt

drunk

driven

eaten

fallen

fed

fought

found

flown

forgotten

forgiven

frozen

got(gotten)

given

gone

grown

hung

had

heard

hidden

бути

ставати

починати

кусати

дути

ламати

приносити

будувати

горіти

вибухати

купувати

могти

ловити

вибирати

приходити

коштувати

різати

копати

робити

малювати

спати

пити

їхати

їсти

падати

годувати

битися

знаходити

літати

забувати

пробачати

заморожувати

отримувати

давати

іти

рости

висіти

мати

чути

ховати

hit

hold

keep

know

learn

leave

lend

let

lose

make

mean

meet

pay

put

read

ride

ring

rise

run

say

see

sell

send

shoot

show

sit

sleep

smell

speak

spell

spend

stand

steal

swim

take

teach

tell

think

understand

wake

win

write

hit

held

kept

knew

learnt

left

lent

let

lost

made

meant

met

paid

put

read

rode

rang

rose

ran

said

saw

sold

sent

shot

showed

sat

slept

smelt

spoke

spelt

spent

stood

stole

swam

took

taught

told

thought

understood

woke

won

wrote

hit

held

kept

known

learnt

left

lent

let

lost

made

meant

met

paid

put

read

ridden

rung

risen

run

said

seen

sold

sent

shot

shown

sat

slept

smelt

spoken

spelt

spent

stood

stolen

swum

taken

taught

told

thought

understood

woken

won

written

ударяти

тримати

зберігати

знати

вчити

залишати

позичати

пускати

губити

робити

мати намір

зустрічати

плакати

ставати

читати

їздити верхом

дзвонити

вставати

бігти

говорити

бачити

продавати

посилати

стріляти

показувати

сидіти

спати

пахнути

говорити

вимовляти

витрачати

стояти

красти

плавати

брати

вчити

розповідати

думати

розуміти

прокидатися

вигравати

писати

Завдання для самоконтролю

Вправа 1 Напишіть речення у питальній та заперечній формі

Examples:

1) They translated this article at the last lesson. – Did they translate this article at the last lesson? - They did not translate this article at the last lesson.

2) He met his friend yesterday. – Did he meet his friend yesterday? - He did not meet his friend yesterday.

1. She cooked a very tasty dinner yesterday. 2. Yesterday Nick went to the cinema. 3. She wrote two letters last week. 4. We saw Peter yesterday. 5. Her father went on a business trip last month. 6. He got up at seven o’clock yesterday morning. 7. He played the piano last Monday. 8. She spent last summer at the sea-side.

Вправа 2 Напишіть текст у часі Past Indefinite

The weather is bad. There is no sun in the sky. Beth wakes up late in the morning. She doesn't want to leave the bed. She stays in her bad for some time. But Beth is hungry. She wants something to eat. She makes herself to get up, and goes to the bathroom. She washes and cleans her teeth. Beth goes to the kitchen and has her breakfast. After breakfast she thinks how to spend her day. Suddenly the telephone rings. Her friend Tom phones. Tom says he has two tickets to the theatre and he invites her to go and see the play. Beth thanks him and agrees to go to the theatre.

Вправа 3 Розкрийте дужки, використовуючи the Past Indefinite Tense

Examples:

1) Yesterday he ... (get) up at nine o'clock. - Yesterday he got up at nine

o'clock.

2) ... he ... (get) up at nine o'clock? – Did he get up at nine o'clock?

3) Yesterday he ... (not/get) up at nine o'clock. - Yesterday he did not get up at nine o'clock.

4) Where ... he ... (spend) last summer? - Where did he spend last summer?

5) Who ... (spend) last summer in the country? – Who spent last summer in the country?

6) ... they ... (not/go) to the cinema last month? – Didn’t they go to the cinema last month?

1. I ... (go) to bed at ten o'clock yesterday. 2. I ... (not/go) to bed at ten o’clock yesterday. 3. When ... you ... (go) to bed yesterday? 4. I ... (not/go) to the cinema last Monday. 5. Why ... she ... (not/go) to the cinema yesterday? 6. They ... (go) to the cinema last month. 7. ... you ... (watch) TV the day before yesterday? 8. Who ... (watch) TV yesterday? 9. When ... you ... (leave) home for school yesterday? 10. My brother ... (leave) home at a quarter past eight. 11. Yesterday he ... (get) up at nine o'clock. 12. ... he ... (not/spend) last summer in the country? 13. Where ... he ... (spend) last summer?

Вправа 4 Розкрийте дужки, використовуючи the Past Indefinite Tense

1. She ... (help) mother yesterday. 2. ... she ... (help) mother yesterday? 3. How ... she ... (help) mother yesterday? 4. Kate ... (cook) dinner last Sunday. 5. Kate ... (not/cook) dinner last Thursday. 6. Who ... (cook) dinner yesterday? 7. I ... (not/eat) ice-cream yesterday. 8. Who ... (eat) ice-cream yesterday? 9. She ... (eat) ice-cream last week. 10. What ... your brother ... (do) last month? 11. Yesterday we ... (write) a test-paper. 12. I ... (buy) a very good book last Tuesday. 13. My granny ... (not/buy) bread yesterday. 14. What ... you ... (buy) at the shop yesterday? 15. Why ... you ... (go) to the shop yesterday?

Вправа 5 Перекладіть, використовуючи the Past Indefinite Tense

1. Ми знайшли багато цікавих книжок в його бібліотеці. 2. Вона згадала його номер телефону. 3. Після вистави вони заспівали дуже гарну пісню. 4. Після лекції він відповів на всі запитання. 5. Вчора дитина прокинулася дуже рано. 6. Чи хто – небудь дзвонив, доки мене не було вдома? 7. Де він правів зимові канікули? 8. Хто вчив французьку мову в школі? 9. Ми не отримали її відповідь вчора. 10. Він нічого не зрозумів. 11. Вчора ввечері він здавався дуже втомленим. 12. Ми сіли та попросили чашку кави. 13. Їй сподобалася вистава. 14. На минулому тижні було дуже холодно. 15. Вона купила гарну сукню минулого тижня. 16. Коли ви вчора прокинулися? 17. Він склав іспит у понеділок? 18. Він дзвонив тобі вчора?