- •1 Business Organization
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •3 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition:
- •5 Complete the sentences using these often confused words: economic - economical, economics – economy
- •Grammar: Present Simple vs Present Continuous We use the Present Simple (V / Vs):
- •2 Business Organization and the Economy
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •Grammar: Past Simple vs Past Continuous We use the Past Simple:
- •We use the Past Continuous:
- •3 Ownership
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •Grammar: Present Perfect – Теперішній доконаний час (1)
- •4 Business Relationship
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 The words in the box frequently occur after "company". Find combinations that mean:
- •3 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition:
- •4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •We use the Present Perfect Simple:
- •1 Choose the correct verb form:
- •3 Make sentences about the following people:
- •5 Put for or since into each gap. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •6 Ask these people questions about their experiences:
- •7 Open the brackets. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •5 Companies’ Restructuring
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •Grammar: Present Perfect vs Past Simple
- •1 Choose the correct verb form to complete these dialogues. Practise saying the dialogues in pairs:
- •2 Cross out the sentence which has a mistake:
- •3 Open the brackets using Past Simple or Present Perfect:
- •6 Organizational Structure
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 The words in the box frequently occur before "manager". Find combinations that mean:
- •3 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition:
- •5 Choose the correct word:
- •Grammar: Present Perfect Continuous – Теперішній перфектно-тривалий час
- •We use the Present Perfect Continuous:
- •7 Employment
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 The words in the box frequently occur after "job". Find combinations that mean:
- •4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •6 Complete the sentences using these often confused words: to provide - to secure - to ensure
- •Grammar: Past Perfect – Минулий доконаний час (1)
- •8 Human Resources
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •3 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •5 Complete the sentences using these often confused words: employer - employee
- •1 Make sentences from the chart:
- •2 Put numbers in the brackets to show the order in which each action happened:
- •3 Put the verbs in brackets one in the Past Simple and one in the Past Perfect:
- •4 Open the brackets using Past Perfect or Past Simple:
- •5 Translate into English using the Past Perfect Tense:
- •6 Write down five things you had or hadn’t done by 10 pm yesterday.
- •9 Recruitment Procedure
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •3 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •Grammar: Past Tenses (Simple / Continuous / Perfect)
- •1 Complete the sentences with the verb in bold in either the Past Simple or the Past Perfect:
- •2 Past Simple or Past Continuous? Underline the correct tense:
- •3 Put the verb in brackets in either the Past Simple or Past Perfect Simple:
- •4 Complete these sentences. Use past tenses only and add any other words that are necessary:
- •5 Open the brackets using either Past Simple, Past Continuous, or Past Perfect:
- •10 Applying For a Job: Interviewing
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •3 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •5 Complete the sentences using these often confused words: power – strength
- •Grammar: Past Perfect Continuous – Минулий перфектно-тривалий час
- •11 Applying For a Job: Writing a Resume
- •Grammar: Tense Revision (Present Time)
- •12 Applying For a Job: cv
- •1 Read the sections of a cv (a-h) and match them with the headings (1-8):
- •2 Complete (1-5) with the highlighted words from the cv above:
- •3 Work in pairs. Look at these 'rules' for writing a cv. Which ones do you agree with? Why?
- •International marketing manager
- •Curriculum Vitae vs Resume?
- •13 Executive Pay
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 The words in the box frequently occur after "pay". Find combinations that mean:
- •4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •6 Complete the sentences using these often confused words: salary - income - pay - wage
- •Grammar: Tenses used to describe Future
- •14 Leaving a Job
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •3 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •Grammar: Майбутній доконаний час – Future Perfect
- •1 Use the future perfect (simple or continuous) to put the beginnings and ends together:
- •2 A romantic novelist writes 300-page books. She writes ten pages a day, and takes no holidays. Use the future perfect to answer the questions:
- •3 Complete the following sentences with a verb in the Future Perfect Simple or Continuous:
- •4 Answer the questions about you. What will you have done…
- •15 The economy
- •I. Give English equivalents of the following:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Translate into English:
- •Grammar: Future Continuous vs Future Perfect
- •16 What is economics?
- •I. Translate into English:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Translate into English:
- •Grammar: Future Simple / Continuous / Perfect
- •1 Put the beginnings and ends together. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •3 Complete the sentences using future continuous or future perfect:
- •4 Read the conversation and choose the correct form of the future. Practise the dialogue in pairs:
- •5 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct future form:
- •17 Macroeconomics and microeconomics
- •Grammar: Часи групи Perfect Continuous
- •1 Put together the beginnings and ends of the conversations. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •2 Complete the sentences using the present perfect continuous tense of the verbs below:
- •3 Read the story and answer the questions using the past perfect continuous:
- •5 How long will you have been learning English / using your computer (mobile phone) / going to college / saving money for something you’d like to have / living in your present house by next summer?
- •18 The economy of ukraine
- •Grammar: Tense Revision Test (1)
- •19 The economy of the united kingdom
- •Grammar: Tense Revision Test (2)
- •20 Markets and market orientation
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 The words in the box frequently occur after "sector". Find combinations that mean:
- •4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian
- •Grammar: Active Tenses – Revision
- •3 Open the brackets using future simple or future continuous:
- •4 Translate the sentences into English:
- •21 National-income accounting
- •I. Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Grammar 1: Типи питальних речень
- •1 Make questions and define their type. Write possible answers. Translate the questions into Ukrainian:
- •Grammar 2: Negative questions – Питально-заперечні речення
- •2 Write informal negative questions to ask somebody:
- •3 Use negative questions to confirm the following ideas. Be careful with the tenses.
- •4 Use negative questions to confirm the following ideas:
- •5 Write possible short answers to the negative questions. Translate the questions into Ukrainian.
- •22 Taxes
- •Grammar: Revision of articles – Вживання артиклів
- •3 Відсутність артикля
- •2 Find one mistake in each sentence:
- •3 Put a / an, the, or nothing (-). Explain your choice:
- •4 Put the correct article where necessary:
- •5 A, an, the or - (nothing)?
- •23 Supply, demand and market prices
- •I. Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Grammar: Passive Voice (Simple) – Пасивний стан групи Simple
- •24 Wholesaling
- •Grammar: Passive Voice (Continuous) – Пасивний стан групи Continuous
- •25 Retail trade
- •Grammar: Passive Voice (Perfect) – Пасивний стан групи Perfect
- •26 Labour and capital
- •Grammar: Passive Tenses – Revision (1)
- •27 Inflation
- •I. Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Grammar: Passive Tenses – Revision (2)
- •1 Choose the correct answers. Explain your choice:
- •2 Complete the sentences using the words in the brackets in the Passive Voice and define their tense:
I. Give English equivalents of the following:
згідно з законом зростання оптимальних витрат; важлива особливість ринкового механізму; кількість наявних ресурсів обмежена; відмовлятися від можливості; бути змушеним робити вибір; випускати кінцевий товар; задовольняти бажання; розподіляти ресурси
II. Fill in the gaps with available resources; inputs; final goods; market prices; production; output
1 Factors of production are the ... – land, labour and capital we use to produce final goods and services (...). 2 Unfortunately the quantity of ... is limited. 3 Production possibilities are the alternative combinations of ... and services. 4 Over time the quantity of resources available for ... has also increased. 5 Market mechanism is the use of ... and sales to signal desired outputs.
III. Answer the questions:
1 What is «the economy»? 2 What do you need to produce the textbook and what are these inputs called? 3 Why do we have to choose among goods? 4 How is economics often defined? 5 What do we call the law according to which we must give up everincreasing quantities of other goods and services to get more of a particular good? 6 What are the essentials of the market mechanism?
IV. Translate into English:
1 Економічна наука вивчає виробництво та споживання. 2 Чинники виробництва – це земля, трудо-ві ресурси, основний капітал (обладнання та будівлі), якими ми користуємося для виробництва това-рів і послуг. 3 Ми не можемо виготовляти все, що бажаємо, і в кількостях, які нам потрібні, оскільки ресурси завжди обмежені. 4 Обмеженість ресурсів ставить нас перед вибором. 5 Економічна наука займається питаннями розміщення ресурсів, яких немає в достатній кількості, та тим, як їх краще ви-користовувати. 6 Нам доводиться відмовлятися від випуску певного виду товару, щоб забезпечити випуск іншого. 7 Головним у ринковому механізмі є чинник цін, який впливає на розширення або скорочення виробництва. 8 Якщо товаровиробники бачитимуть, що продаж певного виду товару і ціни на нього зростають, вони збільшуватимуть випуск цього товару.
Grammar: Future Continuous vs Future Perfect
• We use the Future Continuous to talk about:
*actions or events that will be in progress at a specific time in the future:
This time next week I'll be flying to London. – В цей час наступного тижня я летітиму до Лондона.
*something that will definitely happen in the future, because it is already planned or because it is part of a normal routine:
We'll all be using the net in ten years' time. – Ми усі користуватимемося Інтернетом за десять років.
• We use the Future Perfect is used to talk about actions or events that will be finished before a certain time in the future: I'll have written the report by Monday. – Я допишу звіт до понеділка.
Ex.1. Choose the correct variant:
1 I won't have time to solve this problem tomorrow because I'll be working / I'll have worked all morning. 2 The interviewers will be finishing / will have finished the selection of the best candidates for this job by six o'clock. 3 Don't come to the office at eight because we won't have arrived / we won't be arriving by then. 4 This time next week I'll be taking / I’ll have taken my entrance exams. 5 By the time I retire I'll be working / I'll have worked here for thirty years. 6 Will you be using / will you have used your computer this evening? 7 I expect the meeting will be starting / will have started by the time we get to the conference hall. 8 We won't have finished / won't be finishing this work by the end of the month. 9 By the time we get to the stadium, the game will be starting / will have started. 10 We'll have held / we'll be holding our annual meeting soon, so we can make a decision then.
Ex.2. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs in brackets:
1 Wait for me. I.................. ready in a moment. (be) 2 In ten years time I expect I....................... in this company. (work) 3 By the time we reach office, the rain ...................... (stop) 4 He ..................... the employment contract by the end of this week. (sign) 5 The representatives of the company ..................... my friend from 3 to 5 tomorrow. (interview) 6 I'll give him your message. I can do it easily because I .................. him tomorrow. (see) 7 This time next Sunday I....................... in a London cafe reading a newspaper. (sit) 8 I....................... this article by tomorrow morning. (finish) 9 By next summer the company ...................... new offices in Kyiv. (open) 10 By the end of the month 2,000 visitors ....................... this exhibition. (see) 11 By the end of the year the company ....................... all our debts. (pay off) 12 You ....................... to your boss at the meeting tomorrow? (speak) 13 I wonder what I........................ this time next year. (do) 14 – I’m going to Netherlands next week. - You are lucky. The tulips just....................... out. (come)
Ex.3. Make sentences and questions using the Future Continuous:
1) I'm going to watch TV from 9 until 10 o'clock this evening. So at 9.30 I.....................................................
2) Tomorrow afternoon I'm going to play tennis from 3 o'clock until 4.30. So at 4 pm tomorrow I ................
................................ 3) Jim’s going to study from 7 o'clock until 10 o'clock this evening. So at 8.30 this evening he............................................... 4) We’re going to clean the flat tomorrow. It’ll take from 9 until 11 o'clock. So at 10 o'clock tomorrow morning........................................................ 5) You want to borrow your friend's bicycle this evening. (you / use / your bicycle this evening?) …………..……………………………
6) You want your friend to give Tom a' message this afternoon. (you / see / Tom this afternoon?) …………
……………….…7) You want to use your friend's notebook tomorrow evening. (you / use / your notebook
tomorrow evening?) ……………………………………………… 8) You friend is going shopping. You want him / her to buy some stamps for you at the post office. (you / pass / the post office when you're in town?) ………………………………………….
Ex.4. Make sentences using the Future Perfect:
1) Hurry up! The film starts at 7.30 and it’s already 7.20. And it’ll take us 20 minutes to get to the cinema. When we get there, the film (already/begin) ………………………………. 2) Jim always goes to bed at 10 o'clock. Tom’s going to visit him at 10.30. When Tom arrives, Jim (go/to bed). ............................................
3) Sam is on holiday. He has very little money and he is spending too much. Before the end of his holiday, he (spend/all his money) ………………………4) Chuck came to Britain from the US nearly three years ago. Next Monday it will be exactly three years since he arrived. Next Monday he (be/here/exactly three years)...