14 Leaving a Job

resign (v) quit one's job (v) retire (v) take early retirement unemployed closure dismiss (v)

іти у відставку; відмовля-тися від посади; складати з себе обов'язки залишати роботу; звільнятися іти у відставку (на пенсію) рано піти на пенсію (у відставку) безробітний закриття, завершення звільняти (з роботи)

dismissal lay off (v) make redundant redundancy redundancy payment fire (AmE) / sack (BrE)

звільнення з роботи припиняти роботу; звільняти робітників звільняти (з роботи) скорочення штатів; звільнення робітників (службовців) допомога при звільненні з роботи (наприклад при скороченні штатів) звільняти з роботи

There are various ways to leave a job. Some people leave a job voluntary and some involuntary. A person resigns, or quits his job, when he leaves it voluntary. At the age of 60 many employees retire, though the retirement age varies from one country to another. Some employees leave at an earlier age; this is known as taking early retirement.

Labour market is very flexible. Companies can react quickly to economic problems. Company reorganization, relocation or closure often result in job losses. When people lose their jobs, they are dismissed, laid off or made redundant. These job losses are known as dismissals, lay-offs or redundancies. An employee who is made redundant or laid off has a right to receive compensation in the form of a redundancy payment. This is an amount of money paid out to compensate the employee for the job loss; it is calculated according to the age, length of service and the salary earned by the employee. When people are made to leave the organization we say that they are fired or sacked. For them, finding a new job may be difficult and as a result they become unemployed.

1 How can a person leave a job? 2 When does a person resign? 3 When does a person retire? 4 What do we call "early retirement"? 5 What is redundancy? 6 What is a redundancy payment? 7 How is the compensation for the job loss calculated? 8 When is a person fired or sacked?

1 Match words that have a similar meaning:

resign vary fire redundancy receive salary amount

sack quit (one's job) change sum dismissal obtain wages

2 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition: 1) a situation in which a worker agrees to give up his/her job; 2) to give up a job or position; 3) to stop work, esp. because of age; 4) the act of bringing something to an end; 5) moving a person or an organization from one

place to another; 6) to remove an employee from a job or position; 7) a payment made to an employee as a compensation for the loss of a job; 8) to get money by working; 9) to leave a job at an earlier age; 10) without a job; idle.