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МУ 24.12.08 Management and Managers.rtf
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1.2. Read and translate the following international words:

management, manager, tradition, plan, organize, control, coordination, active, group, expert, organization, Industrial Revolution, professional manager, term, strategy, technique, basis, mission, military, definition, director, service, president, vice-president, line, office, administrator, administration, university, hospital, social, agency, system, personnel, personal, finance, marketing, product, production, problem, risk, company, individual, national, culture, argument, scheme, function, functional, project, contrast, structure, company, diagram; resource

1.3. Word-building. Translate into Russian.

to manage – management – manager – managerial; to plan – planning;

to control – controlling; to direct – director – directing; to lead – leader – leading; to organize – organizer – organization; to produce – producer – productive – production; person – personal; function – functional; tradition – traditional – traditionally; industry – industrial; responsible – responsibility; success – successful – successfully

1.4. Read the text and say what the idea of management is.

What Is "Management"?

What is "management"? There are a variety of views about this term. Traditionally, the term “management” refers to planning, organizing, leading (directing) and controlling (coordinating) activities and to the group of people, involved in them.

Another common view is that “management” is getting things done through other people.

But to most employees the term “management” probably means the group of people (executives or other) who are responsible for making decisions in the organization.

1.5. Read and render in Russian.

It is interesting to know that… .

The verb "manage" comes from the Italian "maneggiare" (that is "to handle" - especially a horse), which in turn derives from the Latin "manus" (that is "hand"). The French word "mesnagement" (later "ménagement") influenced the development in the meaning of the English word "management" in the 17th and 18th centuries.

The Industrial Revolution began in the eighteenth century and transformed the job of a manager from owner-manager to professional, salaried manager. It is interesting to note that many of the management terms and techniques used today have their basis in military authority (for example: "superior", "subordinate", "strategy", "mission").

1.6. Read the text with a dictionary and pay attention to jobs and their definitions. What is a Manager?

A number of different terms are often used instead of the term "manager", including "director", "administrator" and "president". The term "manager" is used more frequently in profit-making orga­nizations, while the others are used more widely in government and non-profit organizations such as universities, hospitals and social work agencies.

So, whom do we call a "manager"?

In its broad meaning the term "managers" applies to the people who are responsible for making and carrying out decisions within a certain system. A personnel manager directly supervises people in an organization. A financial manager is a person who is responsible for finance. A sales manager is responsible for selling of goods. A marketing manager is responsible for promotion of products on the market.

Almost everything a manager does involves decision-making. When a problem exists a manager has to make a decision to solve it. In decision-making there is always some uncertainty and risk.

The amount of responsibility of any individual in a company depends on the position that he or she occupies in its hierarchy. Managers, for example, are responsible for leading the people directly under them, who are called subordinates. To do this successfully, they must use their authority, which is the right to take decisions and give orders.

Managing is a responsible and hard job. There is a lot to be done and there is relatively little time to do it. In all types of organizations managerial efficiency depends on manager's direct personal relationships, hard work on a variety of activities and preference for active tasks. The characteristics of management often vary according to national culture, which can determine how managers are trained, how they lead people and how they approach their jobs.