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  1. Learn the following word-combinations:

sheep-, cattle- and dairy farming розведення овець, великої рогатої худоби і молочне

фермерство.

grain crops зернові культури

principal industry головна промисловість

branches of industry гілки промисловості

parliamentary monarchy парламентська монархія

3. Read and retell the text:

G R E A T B R I T A I N

Great Britain (official name – the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) is situated on two large islands called British Isles. The larger island is Great Britain, the smaller is Ireland. In addition to these two islands Great Britain includes over five hundred small islands. The total area of Great Britain is 240,000 square kilometres, its population is 56 million people. About four fifth of the population are urban and only one fifth is rural. The capital of the United Kingdom is London.

The country is washed by the Atlantic Ocean, The North Sea and the Irish Sea. The island of Great Britain is separated from France by the English Channel.

Great Britain consists of four main parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The surface of England and Ireland is flat. Scotland and Wales are hilly and mountainous. Mountains are not very high. Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest one.

There are a lot of rivers in the country, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the deepest one. England is famous for its beautiful lakes.

The climate in Great Britain is mild and damp, with frequent rains, strong winds and fogs. Spring is the driest season. The rivers do not freeze in winter, and snow never lies on the ground for long. The mild and damp climate in British Isles is very good for agriculture.

Agriculture is one of the largest and most important activities in Great Britain. The great part of the land here is used for sheep-, cattle- and dairy farming. Vegetables are grown in all parts of the country. The main grain crops are wheat and barley.

The United Kingdom is highly developed industrial country. Shipbuilding is one of the principal industries here. It is centered in London, Glasgow, Newcastle and Belfast. Great Britain is rich in coal, iron and other metals. The industrial centers are: Newcastle, Glasgow, Cardiff. The old industrial centers have developed new branches of industry: the chemical industry, automobile, aviation, electronics and other.

Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy. The Queen Elizabeth II is the head of the state. In practice she reigns. But in fact the country is ruled by the Parliament which consists of two chambers: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The House of Commons is elected by people. The House of Lords are not elected. The Prime Minister is usually the head of the party which is in power.

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