Уч.пос. Кузякин А.С., Попова Т.Г. Английский язык для управления цепями поставок
.pdfФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования
«Московский государственный университет путей сообщения»
____________________________________________________
Институт управления и информационных технологий
Кафедра «Иностранные языки-5»
А.С.Кузякин, Т.Г.Попова
Английский язык для управления цепями поставок
Учебное пособие
Москва – 2014
0
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования
«Московский государственный университет путей сообщения»
_________________________________________________
Институт управления и информационных технологий
Кафедра «Иностранные языки-5»
А.С.Кузякин, Т.Г.Попова
Английский язык для управления цепями поставок
Рекомендовано редакционно-издательским советом университета в качестве учебного пособия
для студентов специальностей «Логистические системы и интермодальные перевозки», «Логистика и управление цепями поставок»
Москва – 2014
1
УДК 811.111 : 656
К 89
Кузякин А.С., Попова Т.Г. Английский язык для управления цепями поставок: Учебное пособие.
– М.: МГУПС (МИИТ), 2014. – 176 с.
«Английский язык для управления цепями» представляет собой комплексное учебное пособие, построенное на лексике уровня Intermediate и Upper-Intermediate.
Пособие систематизирует и углубляет знания, умения и навыки студентов в области делового английского языка применительно к организации сетей поставок. Цель пособия – сформировать у студентов представление об английской терминологии, необходимой для чтения специальной литературы по логистике, выработать навыки свободного монологического высказывания по темам экономической направленности и ведения дискуссии в классе, подготовить студентов к общению с иностранными поставщиками и заказчиками в рамках предложенных ситуаций. Пособие состоит из введения, 18 юнитов с подробным переводом полезных лексических и фразеологических единиц, упражнениями на их закрепление, одного теста на умение выделять практически существенные элементы специальных инструкций и графиков, двух тестов контроля усвоения изученного вокабуляра, а также профессионально ориентированных журнальных статей для обсуждения в классе.
«Английский язык для управления цепями поставок» предназначен для студентов 1-2 курсов специальностей логистической направленности: «Логистические системы и интермодальные перевозки», «Логистика и управление цепями поставок».
Рецензенты: к.ф.н., доцент кафедры иностранных языков Московского университета машиностроения (МАМИ) Климашева О.В.; старший преподаватель кафедры «Лингводидактика» Московского государственного университета путей сообщения (МИИТ) Алферова Н.Г.
© МГУПС (МИИТ), 2014
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Introduction Supply chain management and logistics
What is the supply chain?
The supply chain is the flow of parts and raw materials from their point of origin to the factory gates, then through the factory as work-in-process, and finally out of the factory as finished goods to be delivered to the final customer.
A modern manufacturing operation might have hundreds of suppliers providing different parts and components, and each of these suppliers will in turn have their own suppliers providing simpler parts, raw materials, etc. This is the upstream end of the supply chain. Similarly, the downstream end of the chain might consist of distributors, multiple customers, etc, and will involve batches of goods being shipped at different times to different places.
Supply chain management
During the whole process, from beginning to end, inventory (i.e. parts and goods) needs to be stored in warehouses and distribution centres and then transported as needed. All of this involves a huge amount of computerized information about the location of inventory, its expected arrival time at the next point, etc. This information has to be shared across many different companies and IТ networks: suppliers, customers, third party logistics providers and the manufacturer itself. The management of this information is critical to the success of the business.
So, supply chain management (SCM) makes sure that the right items are in the right place at the right time and in the right quantities. There are of course wider strategic issues:
How many suppliers should there be? And where?
Where should the production facilities, distribution centres and warehouses be located?
What distribution channels should be used?
Which logistics companies should be used, both upstream and downstream?
How can IT be used to integrate all the processes, make them more efficient, flag up potential bottlenecks, give clear signals of demand downstream, etc?
How is cash flow and payment to all the parties involved in the supply chain going to be managed?
The aim of SCM is to collaborate with all the supply chain partners to improve the visibility and velocity of inventory.
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Logistics
The word 'logistics' refers to the practical issues surrounding transportation, warehousing and inventory management. Where there is an external focus it's more or less a synonym for SCM, but it can also have an internal focus, getting materials from site A to site В inside a company at different stages of the business process. The term
'logistics' is also used in smaller companies where 'supply chain management seems too grand.
The complexity of logistics
It involves both inbound and outbound goods.
It includes reverse logistics (i.e. when goods are returned to the manufacturer, either because of customer returns, or overstocked inventory at the retailers, or outdated merchandise that can no longer sell).
It involves unloading items from one means of transport and loading onto another. This can be at a distribution centre or a warehouse. There are three possibilities:
Hub and spoke |
Consolidation |
Deconsolidation |
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Materials |
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variety |
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brought |
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smaller shipments are |
are broken |
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combined into |
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smaller lots for ease of |
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sorted |
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larger |
shipment |
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delivery. |
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delivery to a variety of |
economy of transport. |
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destinations. |
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It involves materials handling inside the factory: goods are placed on pallets and moved around on fork-lift trucks.
It involves inventory management at every stage using IT. This includes the ability to track items in transit
It involves co-ordination with related business functions such as purchasing and plant management.
It involves a choice of means of transport: air (using special cargo airlines); sea (with containers stacked up on top of each other); road (vans, or trucks with trailers); rail (using wagons / freight cars).
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It involves a decision whether or not to use a third-party logistics provider (3PL). These companies provide integrated pick-and-pack, warehousing and distribution. They can also act as forwarding agents to handle shipping arrangements.
Ex. 1 Translate the text above using the following vocabulary
Vocabulary |
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supply chain – цепь поставок |
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flow – поток |
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parts – запчасти |
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raw materials – сырье |
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raw material n. material suitable for |
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manufacture or use or finishing |
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point |
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origin |
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место |
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происхождения |
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work-in-process – |
незавершенное |
work-in-process n. are a company's |
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производство, полуфабрикаты |
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partially finished goods waiting for |
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completion and eventual sale |
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finished goods – готовые изделия |
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finished goods n. |
goods that have |
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completed the manufacturing process but |
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have not yet been sold or distributed to the |
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end user. |
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final |
customer |
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конечный |
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потребитель |
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manufacturing |
operation |
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производственная операция |
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to provide – поставлять |
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supplier – поставщик |
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upstream end – входная (начальная) |
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часть |
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similarly – подобным образом |
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downstream |
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end |
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выходная |
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(конечная) часть |
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distributor |
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распространитель, |
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оптовый торговец, дистрибутор |
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multiple – многочисленный |
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to involve – касаться, затрагивать |
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batch of goods – партия товаров |
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to ship - |
отравлять |
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inventory – |
запасы, |
учитываемые |
inventory n. the goods and materials that a |
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единицы товара |
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business holds for the ultimate purpose of |
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resale (or repair) |
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to store – хранить |
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warehouse – склад |
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warehouse n. a commercial building for |
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storage of goods |
distribution centre – оптовая база |
distribution center n. is a warehouse or |
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other specialized building, often with |
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refrigeration or air conditioning, which is |
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stocked with products (goods) to be |
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redistributed to retailers, to wholesalers, or |
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directly to consumers. |
expected arrival time – ожидаемое |
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время прибытия |
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to share information – делиться |
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информацией, сообщать |
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IT networks – информационные сети |
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third party logistics provider (3PL) – |
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внешняя |
компания-поставщик |
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логистических услуг |
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information |
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management |
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управление информацией |
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to make sure – обеспечивать |
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right items – нужные товары |
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right quantity – нужное количество |
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strategic issues |
– стратегические |
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вопросы |
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production |
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facilities |
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производственное оборудование |
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to be located – быть расположенным |
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distribution |
channels – |
каналы |
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распределения |
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to integrate all processes – |
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объединить все процессы |
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to make efficient – сделать |
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эффективным |
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to flag up bottlenecks – отметить |
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флажками, обозначить узкие места |
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to give clear signals of demand |
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downstream |
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передать |
ясные |
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сигналы о потребности дальше по |
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цепи |
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cash flow – денежный поток |
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cash flow n. the movement of money into |
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or out of a business, measured during a |
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limited period of time |
payment – платежи |
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all parties involved – все стороны- |
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участники |
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to collaborate with partners – |
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сотрудничать с партнерами |
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to improve visibility and velocity of |
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inventory |
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повысить доступность |
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реальной информации о запасах и |
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быстроту их обновления |
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to refer to – относиться к |
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warehousing – складирование |
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external focus – внешний фокус (при |
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рассмотрении |
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вне |
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производственного предприятия) |
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site |
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рабочее |
место, |
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производственная площадка «А» |
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business process – производственный |
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процесс |
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grand – парадный, величественный |
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complexity – сложность |
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inbound |
logistics |
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логистика |
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inbound logistics n. the process |
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предприятию», |
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логистика |
concentrating on purchasing and arranging |
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снабжения |
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the inbound movement of materials, parts, |
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and/or finished inventory from suppliers to |
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manufacturing or |
assembly plants, |
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warehouses, or retail stores |
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outbound |
logistics |
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логистика |
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outbound logistics n. the process related |
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предприятия», |
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логистика |
to the storage and movement of the final |
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дистрибуции |
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product and the related information flows |
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from the end of the production line to the |
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end user. |
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inbound and outbound goods – |
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входящие и исходящие товары |
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reverse logistics – логистика возврата |
reverse logistics n. |
all operations related |
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товаров |
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to the reuse of products and materials. |
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overstocked |
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inventory |
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переполненные запасы |
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retailer – розничный торговец |
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outdated |
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merchandize |
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просроченная продукция |
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loading onto… and unloading from… |
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– погрузка на… и разгрузка с… |
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means |
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средство |
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транспорта |
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to sell – продаваться |
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hub and spoke – ступица (колеса) и |
hub-and-spoke n. a system of connections |
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спицы, звёздчатая структура с |
arranged like a wheel, in which all traffic |
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центром и ответвлениями |
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moves along spokes connected to the hub |
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at the center. Many transportation systems |
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are oriented in this way, e.g. Delta airlines, |
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FedEx, LTL. |
to sort for delivery – сортировать для |
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доставки |
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variety of destinations – различные |
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места назначения |
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consolidation |
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объединение, |
consolidation n. Bringing together many |
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укрупнение |
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small shipments, often from different |
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shippers, into large shipment quantities, in |
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order to take advantage of economies of |
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scale in transportation costs. In-vehicle |
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consolidation is when a vehicle makes |
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pickups from many customers and |
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consolidates freight inside the vehicle. Out- |
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of-vehicle consolidation occurs at a |
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terminal facility; shipments to a single |
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customer/region are consolidated before |
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shipment. |
variety of shipments – несколько |
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различный партий груза |
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deconsolidation – разукрупнение |
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to break down into lots – разбивать на |
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серии (мелкие партии) |
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ease of delivery – легкость доставки |
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materials handling – погрузка- |
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разгрузка материалов |
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to place on pallets – помещать на |
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поддон |
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to move around – перевозить |
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fork-lift truck – вилочный погрузчик |
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to track items in transit – отслеживать |
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перемещение учетных единиц |
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coordination |
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related business |
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functions |
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согласование |
с |
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относящимися |
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производству |
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сторонами бизнеса |
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purchasing – отдел закупок |
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plant |
management |
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руководство |
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предприятием |
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cargo airlines – грузовые авиалинии |
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to stack containers up on top of each |
container n. a single, rigid, sealed, |
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other |
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контейнеры |
reusable metal box in which merchandise |
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(штабелем) один поверх другого |
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is shipped by vessel, truck, or rail. |
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Container types include standard, high |
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cube, hardtop, open top, flat, platform, |
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ventilated, insulated, refrigerated, or bulk. |
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Usually 8 ft x 8 ft in width and height, 20 |
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to 55 ft long. Specialized containers also |
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exist for air transportation modes, but are |
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much smaller and cannot be directly |
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transferred to truck or rail. |
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road – автомобильная дорога |
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van – фургон, фура |
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truck with trailer – грузовик с |
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прицепом |
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wagon/freight car – грузовой вагон |
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third party logistics provider – |
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внешний |
поставщик |
услуг |
по |
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материально-техническому |
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обеспечению |
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pick-and-pack |
- отбор |
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упаковка |
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(процесс отбора товаров со склада в |
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соответствие с заказами и упаковки |
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отобранных |
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товаров |
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для |
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транспортировки заказчикам) |
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distribution |
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доведение |
готовой |
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продукции до потребителя |
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forwarding agent – экспедитор, |
freight forwarder, forwarding agent n. |
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компания, предлагающая услуги по |
An agency that receives freight from a |
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принятию и отправке грузов: |
shipper |
and |
then |
arranges |
for |
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погрузка, |
разгрузка, |
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хранение, |
transportation with one or more carriers for |
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оформление |
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транспортных |
transport to the consignee. Often used for |
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документов, производство расчетов, |
international |
shipping. |
Will |
usually |
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таможенные операции и т. д.; |
consolidate freight from many shippers to |
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термин |
обычно |
относится |
к |
obtain low, large volume transportation |
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международным перевозкам |
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rates from carriers. Also provide other |
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shipping |
services: packaging, |
temporary |
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freight storage, customs clearing. |
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9 |
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