Уч.пос. Кузякин А.С., Попова Т.Г. Английский язык для управления цепями поставок

7.It takes now two nights and a day to fulfill the order of a retailer for T/F certain some fresh fruit.

8.Soft fruit competes with fresh-cut produce in profits it can bring to the T/F retailers.

9.The temperature in Heathrow perishables handling centre differs much T/F from the atmosphere-controlled reefers on board the plane.

Ex. 3 Translate from Russian into English

1.Транспортное оборудование в настоящее время чрезвычайно сложно устроено.

2.Микропроцессоры в холодильниках обнаруживают проблемы с хранением продукции во время пути и устраняют их по алгоритмам

3.Колебания температуры в контейнере должны быть минимизированы, чтобы сохранить свежесть продукта

4.Порезанные и приготовленные свежие плоды имеют очень короткий срок годности

5.Оптовые партии плодоовощной продукции разбиваются на индивидуальные заказы.

Ex. 4 Find words and phrases in the article which match these meanings.

1checked and controlled: m__________

2notice something that is not easy to see, hear, etc.: d__________

3warning signals, usually visible or audible: a_________

4small changes made to a machine: a_____________

5frequent changes, especially from high to low or low to high: f_______________

6the time needed to transport goods: t________ _________

7describes food that can become bad quickly: p______________

8food that is obtained through farming, especially in large quantities: p__________

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9 length of time food products will stay in good condition once they are put on sale: s_____ _____

10shortened, concentrated: c______________

11kept cool, at a low temperature (but not frozen): c________

12deliveries in large quantities: b_____ ______________

13last date at which a food product can be sold: s_______ ______

Ex. 5 Find verb + preposition phrases in the article which match these meanings.

1is dependent on: r____________ __

2remove from: c___ ___ ___

3become more modern: m________ __

4searching outside: l________ ______

5made quicker: s__________ ___

6divided into smaller units: b_______ __

Ex. 6 Match these words to make noun-noun partnerships from the article.

Ex. 7 Match the verbs (1-7) with the nouns (a-g) to form phrases used in the article

Ex. 8 Use the correct form of phrases from Exercise 7 to complete these sentences.

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1.During the transport of fresh produce it is important to _________ carefully.

2.Fresh, organic fruit and vegetables are flown halfway across the world to

_________ consumer ______.

3.In modern containers, if _______ such as temperature fluctuations are

_________, microprocessors can automatically _______ _________.

4.The supply chain for fresh produce is so well organised, fruit and vegetables can be on the supermarket shelf within two days of an______ being _______.

5.The BA World Cargo Perishables Handling Centre is so sophisticated, machines can________ ________for each retailer, which means the retailer can decide to ______ ______up to the last minute.

Ex. 9 Listen to the dialogue “Importing and Exporting Goods” and commentaries coming after it. Give English definitions to the words and expressions in bold print. Learn the dialogue by heart and dramatize it with another student in class.

Giselle: Good morning, Brian. This is Giselle calling from Intergroup in Kansas City.

Brian: Hi, Giselle. How are you?

Giselle: I’m great, thanks. Listen, the reason I’m calling is that I wanted to touch base with you about the new proposed regulations. Have you had a chance to review them?

Brian: We’ve only had time to give them a cursory look, but I think we have a grasp on what the changes will be. I don’t think that most of the new regulations would apply to our class of cargo. As long as our certificates of origin are in order and our shipping agents are well informed of the changes, we won’t have anything to be concerned about. Rest assured we’ll take care of all that.

Giselle: That’s good to hear. Won’t the customs procedures be different, though? I understand that there are changes to the regulations affecting which containers we can use and how we transport our freight.

Brian: No, lucky for us, all we need to do is to put some additional information on our waybills and make sure our packing lists reflect the same information.

Giselle: I’m relieved to hear that. You’ve really put my mind at ease, thanks.

Brian: Don’t mention it. While I have you on the phone, do you mind if I ask you a couple of questions about the latest order?

Giselle: No, not at all. Fire away.

(from ESL Podcast 492)

Ex. 10 Questions for discussion

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1.The article describes how perishable produce is brought to supermarket shelves in as fresh a condition as possible. With many consumers concerned about food miles (how far food has to travel from its source to our tables), how do you see the future of the transport and distribution systems described in the article?

2.Some people argue that flying fruit and vegetables from Africa to Europe is bad for the environment and should be reduced. Others argue that growing these crops for export to rich countries is an important source of income for farmers in developing countries. Which opinion do you agree with? Why?

Unit 11 The impact of higher energy costs

Oil price forces P&G to rethink its distribution

by Jonathan Birchall and Elizabeth Rigby

Soaring energy prices are forcing Procter & Gamble, the world’s biggest consumer goods company, to rethink how it distributes products and to consider shifting manufacturing sites closer to consumers to cut its transport bill.

Keith Harmon, Head of Global Supply at P&G - the maker of Tide detergent, Crest toothpaste and Pampers nappies, said the era of high oil prices was forcing P&G to change. ‘A lot of our supply-chain design work was really developed and implemented in the 1980s and 1990s, when our capital spending on capacity was fairly high, and oil was $10 a barrel,’ said Mr Harrison. ‘I could say that the supplychain design is now upside down. The environment was changed. Transportation cost is going to create an even more distributed sourcing network than we would have had without the big rise in oil prices.’

A couple of years ago, P&G launched a comprehensive review of the design of its supply operations, in response both to rising energy costs and its increasingly global expansion. ‘We’ve kicked off a study that really asks: what is our business going to look like in 2015?’ Mr Harrison said.

The study will include assessing trends such as reductions in product size, sustainable packaging and future consumer demand based on regions. It will also try to anticipate changes in the global operating environment. ‘What happens if oil is $200 a barrel? What happens if you can't ship using trucks on the weekends or if there are road-congestion issues? Or if you can't bring trucks into cities any more?'

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Mr Harrison, responsible for the supply chain behind P&G’s global sales of more than $80bn, said its supply system was based on ‘large single-category regional production sites with long supply chains’, ‘Up to where oil was $70 or so, it was hard to justify building new capacity only on the back of new distribution costs. But with oil going as high as $140, the world has changed.'

The company is the world’s largest shipper of consumer goods, with an estimated 30,000 trucks on the road around the world every day. It also operates 145 manufacturing plants.

Mr Harrison said high energy costs were already changing the calculations affecting the siting of factories. As an example, he quoted a babycare plant being built to meet growing demand in China, located at Xiqing in the northern province of Tianjin, rather than at an existing facility near Guangzhou in southern China. ‘Part of the justification to go to Xiqing was distribution costs. Part was that I needed more capacity. But today’s distribution-cost equation could lead you to a different answer than you might have reached otherwise.’

Ex. 1 Translate the article above using the vocabulary and comments

Ex. 2 Which of the following statements are true and which are false?

1. Soaring energy prices have no impact on the distribution network of the T/F biggest consumer goods companies, such as P&G.

2.Keith Harrison is the maker of Tide detergent, Crest toothpaste and T/F Pampers nappies.

3.The supply chain design based on the assumption of cheap oil has now T/F become cost-inefficient, according to Mr. Harrison.

10.P&G uses the services of shipping companies with an estimated T/F 30000 trucks on the road every day.

11.The costs of increasing capacity of a plant at Guangzhou together T/F with distribution costs were higher than the costs of building a new plant at Xiquing.

12.With high priced oil, the siting of new manufacturing plant at T/F Xiquing was justified by abundance of qualified labour rather than closeness

to prospective consumers.

Ex. 3 Translate from Russian into English

1.Транспортные расходы вынуждают создавать более разветвленную сеть поставщиков, чем она могла бы быть, не будь повышения цен на нефть

2.Недавно P&G начала пересматривать структуру снабжения своих предприятий

3.В будущем P&G будет в большей мере учитывать регионально дифференцированный потребительский спрос

4.Возможно, перевозки большегрузами нельзя будет осуществлять в ряде местностей в субботу и воскресенье, или им будет запрещен въезд в города

5.Компания управляет 145 заводами-изготовителями по всему миру.

Ex. 4 What do these figures refer to?

Ex. 5 Find words or phrases in the article which match these meanings.

1increasing rapidly: s__________

2to think again about something in order to change or improve it: r__________

3moving, relocating: s_____________

4to reduce: c_____

5a period of time that is marked by particular events: e________

6put into operation: i______________

7investment of money in business assets: c__________ _______

8factories and warehouses: c____________

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9completely different from before: u________ ________

10a study of something to see where improvements can be made: r_______

11started, launched: k_______ _____

12to imagine or expect what will happen, sometimes taking action in preparation: a_____________

13when there is too much traffic on the roads: r_____ ______________

14to give a good reason for doing something: j______________

15locating, positioning something: s___________

Ex. 6 Use the words and phrases from Exercise 5 to complete these sentences.

1.P&G is considering ______ manufacturing sites closer to consumers because of _______ energy prices

2.It believes the ________ of cheap oil is finished forever.

3.The company is having to _________ its entire supply-chain system.

4.It has just _______ _______a study which will try to _______ how the global environment will change in the next five to 10 years.

5.The study will also consider traffic issues such as ________ _____________.

6.When the oil price was below US $70 a barrel, it was difficult to ________

building new plants based only on transport costs.

7.In the future, the _______ of new plants will have to take transport costs into account.

8.P&G's current supply-chain system was planned and ________ in the 1980s and 1990s.

9.Depending on the results of the _______ it is carrying out, P&G will change the way it organises its supply-chain system.

10.P&G needs to _______ what it spends on transporting goods.

11.Because of big increases in the oil price, the design of the supply chain is now ________ _______, compared to the previous two decades.

12.In the 1980s and '90s, P&G had high levels of_______ ________,when it was building its supply-chain system.

13.The 1980s and '90s were a period of rapid growth for P&G, so it needed to spend money on new ______ for the production and storage of goods.

Ex. 7 Match these words to make noun-noun partnerships from the article. Sometimes more than one combination is possible, and some words can be used twice.

Ex. 9 Find five words or phrases in the article which mean a place where products are manufactured.

Ex. 10 Listen to the dialogue “Riding in a Carpool” and commentaries coming after it. Give English definitions to the words and expressions in bold print. Learn the dialogue by heart and dramatize it with another student in class.

Roberto: Hey, Loreto. Got a minute?

Loreto: I’m going to a meeting off-site, but we can talk if you don’t mind walking me to my car.

Roberto: Sure, okay. I just wanted to ask if you’re interested in carpooling to work. We only live a few blocks from each other.

Loreto: Thanks for asking, but I’m not sure carpooling would work for me. Sometimes I run late in the morning and I wouldn’t want to hold you up.

Roberto: We wouldn’t have to commute together every day, only on those days that are convenient for both of us. Carpooling has its advantages, too. In addition to doing our part for the environment, we could use the high-occupancy carpool lanes. That’ll save time, especially if there’s a lot of traffic congestion.

Loreto: Yeah, I guess that could cut down on our commute time.

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