- •Министерство финансов Российской Федерации
- •Утверждено и рекомендовано решением
- •В качестве учебного пособия
- •Введение
- •Chapter I law Unit 1 Introduction to Law
- •Introduction to Law
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •The Aims of Law
- •In trouble with the law law-abiding my word is law
- •Unit 2 What Law Is
- •What Is Law?
- •Social Morality, Rules and Laws
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Chapter II sources of law Unit 3 Sources of English Law
- •Sources of English Law
- •The Principal Sources
- •The Subsidiary Sources
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Unit 4 Sources of Modern Law
- •Text a Historical and Political Background
- •Text b Common Law Systems
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text c Common Law and Equity
- •Historical Development
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text d Sources of American Law
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text e Continental Systems
- •For You to Remember
- •Sources of Civil Law
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Chapter III constitutions Unit 5 The History of Constitution
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b Characteristics of Constitutions
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Unit 6 British Constitution
- •The Nature of the Constitution
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Unit 7 us Constitution
- •Founding of the United States
- •Vocabulary
- •13 States convention written constitution
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Unit 8 The Constitution of the Russian Federation
- •The New Russian Constitution
- •Amendments to the Constitution
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Chapter IV the system of government Unit 9 The British Government of Today
- •Text a The Governmental Model
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •1) Государственная власть
- •2) Управление, руководство
- •3) Форма правления, государственное устройство, политический строй
- •4) Правительство, правительственный аппарат
- •Text b The British Parliament
- •Vocabulary
- •Parliamentary Control
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •The System of Government
- •The House of Commons
- •Parliamentary Debates
- •Text c Law-making Process in the uk
- •Stages of a Government Bill
- •The House of Commons
- •The House of Lords
- •The Royal Assent
- •Bill And Law
- •How Bills Go through Parliament
- •Vocabulary
- •Making New Law
- •Types of Bills
- •Vocabulary task
- •Text d The Prime Minister and the Cabinet
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text e The Role of the Monarch in Britain
- •Vocabulary
- •The Richest Woman in the World
- •Vocabulary task
- •Unit 10 The American Government of Today
- •System of Government in the United States
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Unit 11 The System of Checks and Balances
- •Vocabulary
- •Checks and balances
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Checks and Balances
- •Unit 12 Law-making Process in the usa
- •Text a The Concept of Bicameral Legislature
- •How Congress Makes Laws
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text b The Political System of the usa
- •The Political System
- •The Constitution
- •Federalism
- •State and Local Government
- •Three Branches of Government
- •Two-Party System
- •Unit 13 The State System of Russia. The Parliament of the Russian Federation
- •Text a The State System of Russia
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text b The Parliament of the Russian Federation
- •Vocabulary
- •Article 97
- •Article 98
- •Article 99
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Chapter V law enforcement Unit 14 Law Enforcement Bodies
- •Text a Role of Government
- •Text b Role of Police Force
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Unit 15 Enforcing the Law in Britain
- •Text a The English Legal System
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b The British Police
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Identify showing murder investigation found dead
- •Unit 16 Law Enforcement in the usa
- •Text a Protecting the Rights of the Accused
- •Text b Police Technology in the usa
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Federal Bureau of Investigation
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Unit 17 Law Enforcement in the Russian Federation
- •Text a Law Enforcement of Today
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b Application of Law Enforcement
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Chapter VI the courts Unit 18 The Court System of the uk
- •Text a Judicial Institutions
- •Text b Classification of the English Courts
- •Text c The Hierarchy of the Courts
- •Restrictions
- •Vocabulary
- •It is useful to know
- •For you to know
- •5) Cause – судебный процесс, судебное дело, тяжба
- •6) Controversy – гражданский судебный процесс, правовой спор,
- •7) Process – судебный процесс, процедура, порядок, производство дел, судопроизводство, процессуальные нормы
- •8) Proceeding(s) – судебный процесс, рассмотрение дела в суде, судебное разбирательство, судебная процедура, производство по делу, судопроизводство
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text d Courts of England and Wales
- •Judicial organization
- •Unit 19 The u.S. Court System
- •Text a Understanding the u.S. Court System
- •State Courts
- •A Typical State Judicial System
- •Federal Courts
- •Text b Jurisdictions of the Federal and State Court Systems
- •The Federal Judicial System
- •9 Justices
- •12 Circuits
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text c The Miranda Warning
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 20 The Court System of the Russian Federation
- •The Court Structure
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text b Jurisdiction of Courts
- •The Constitutional Court
- •Jurisdiction of the Courts of General Jurisdiction
- •The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text c The Courts of the Subjects of the Russian Federation
- •Text d The Arbitrazh Court of the Russian Federation.
- •Jurisdiction of the Federal Arbitrazh Circuit Court as the Court of the First Instance
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Opening remarks at Meeting with the Judges of the Russian Court
- •Contents
- •Legal English - 1
Text e The Role of the Monarch in Britain
The UK is a constitutional monarchy. It means that it is the country that has the Queen and a democratically elected government.
The Crown is one of the oldest secular institutions in Britain and there is automatic hereditary succession to the throne, but only for Protestants.
Since 1689 the monarch’s executive powers have been limited. The Queen technically is Head of State but as a constitutional monarch she has little power. She has a number of formal constitutional rules. Besides being Head of State she serves as head of the executive, judiciary and legislature, commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and 'supreme governor' of the Church of England. Ministers and officials of the central government are the monarch's servants, and judges, military officers, peers and bishops of the Church of England swear allegiance to the Crown. In holding these positions, the monarch personifies the British state and is a symbol of national unity.
Political stability owes much to the monarchy. The monarch is expected to be politically neutral, and is supposed to reign but not rule.
For all practical purposes the monarch acts only on the advice of political ministers, which cannot be ignored. The monarch cannot make laws, impose taxes, spend public money or act unilaterally. Contemporary Britain is therefore governed by Her Majesty's Government in the name of the Queen.
But the monarch still performs some important executive and legislative duties. These include the summoning, opening, proroguing and dissolving of Parliament; giving the Royal Assent to bills which have been passed by both Houses of Parliament; appointing government ministers and other public figures; granting honours; and fulfilling international duties as head of state.
Constitutionally, the monarch has the right to be informed of, and advised on, all aspects of national life by receiving government documents and meeting regularly with the Prime Minister. The monarch also has the right to encourage, warn and advise ministers.
A central power still possessed by the monarch is the choice and appointment of the Prime Minister.
Vocabulary
commander-in-chief n главнокомандующий
Crown n 1 власть монарха; 2 монарх; 3 королева
hereditary adj наследственный, передаваемый по наследству
Her Majesty’ Government правительство Ее Величества (официальное название правительства при правлении королевы)
honours n почести, награды, ордена
impose taxes облагать налогами
personify v олицетворять, персонифицировать
prorogue v назначать перерыв в работе парламента (не распуская его)
reign v царствовать
rule v управлять, править
secular adj светский
succession n престолонаследие
summon v созывать (парламент)
supreme governor верховный правитель
swear allegiance присягнуть на верность / в верности
Reading tasks
Answer these questions.
What is a constitutional monarchy?
Who can be the monarch in Great Britain?
When did the limitation of the monarch’s executive powers start?
What authorities does the Queen enjoy?
What does it mean: “The monarch reigns but doesn’t rule”?
What executive and legislative duties does the Queen perform?
What rights does the monarch have?
What central power does the monarch possess?
Language focus
A Match each statement with the correct question tag.
|
Statement |
|
Question tag
|
1 |
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, |
a |
are they? |
2 |
The monarch reigns with the support of Parliament, |
b |
isn’t it? |
3 |
The powers of the monarch are not defined precisely, |
c |
has he/she? |
4 |
Parliament and the monarch meet together on symbolic occasions such as the opening of Parliament, |
d |
doesn't he/she? |
5 |
The monarch hasn’t refused to sign a bill for more than 200 years, |
e |
don’t they? |
B Combine these three parts into sentences using the suitable verb.
1 |
The monarch |
|
a |
head of the Commonwealth. |
2 |
The Queen |
is |
b |
a great knowledge of domestic and international politics. |
3 |
The monarchy |
has |
c |
a considerable part to play in the operation of government. |
4 |
Everything today |
|
d |
done in the Queen’s name. |
5 |
The influence of monarchical advice on formal and informal levels |
|
e |
substantial. |
6 |
Unlike temporary politicians, the monarch |
|
f |
a permanent fixture in the British political system. |
7 |
The continuity of the English monarchy |
|
g |
been interrupted only by Cromwellian rule from 1649 to 1660. |
C Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.