Vocabulary

abate v 1 отменять; прекращать; 2 уменьшать

abolish v отменять

adoption n усыновление; удочерение

annulment n 1 судебное решение о признании брака недействительным; 2 лишение родительского права

conquest n завоевание

conqueror n завоеватель; William the Conqueror Вильгельм Завоеватель

discretionary adj дискреционный; предоставленный на усмотрение

domain n область; сфера

equity n право справедливости; equity system система, основанная на праве справедливости; equitable adj основанный на праве справедливости; справедливый

fairness n честность; справедливость; беспристрастность

grant a remedy v предоставить судебную защиту

injunctive relief n судебный запрет

intervene v 1 вмешиваться; 2 вступать в процесс

justice n 1 справедливость; 2 правосудие

litigant n тяжущаяся сторона; сторона в судебном деле

maxim (of law) 1 (юридическая) максима; 2 правовой принцип; 3 правило поведения

merge v сливаться; объединяться

relief n помощь, судебная защита

remedy n средство судебной защиты

reside in v принадлежать; быть присущим

rigid adj жёсткий; негибкий

writ n судебный приказ

Reading tasks

A Answer these questions.

1. What is equity?

2. Why did the need for equity arise?

3. Why did equity develop?

4. What do you mean by the words “common law”?

5. Do the rules of equity remain different from the rules of common law?

6. What is the purpose of equity?

7. How are the rules of equity called?

8. Name some of the equitable maxims.

9. What happened to two systems of law?

10. Does your legal system contain rules of equity?

B Comprehension check

Mark these statements T (true) or F (false).

1. Equity is a complex area of English law.

2. Equity is concerned with the law of property.

3. Common Law does not contrast with equity.

4. The purpose of equity is to achieve justice and fairness

5. Parliament developed a set of rules called the ‘maxims’.

6. Common law and equity are different legal systems nowadays.

7. Common law and equity are two separate bodies of legal principles which

are now administrated by the same courts.

Language focus

Complete the text below by using the appropriate prepositions.

The plaintiffs owned a house next door 1) _____ the defendant's factory. Sometimes black smoke from the factory chimneys would blow across the plaintiffs' garden. The plaintiffs sued the owners of the factory complaining 2)_____ damage caused 3)_____ plants in their garden 4) _____ the smoke and loss of enjoyment of their property. They sought (= past tense 'to seek') damages and an injunction to prevent the defendants using their premises as a factory.

Held¹: That the owners of the factory were liable 5) _____ the plaintiffs

6) _____ the tort of private nuisance. The plaintiffs were awarded damages 7) _____ the loss of their plants and granted an injunction restricting the use of the defendants' property. It was reasonable that the defendants should use their premises as a factory but not 8) _____ a way which would cause nuisance 9) _____ adjoining property. The injunction would apply until the defendants were able to control the smoke 10) _____ their chimneys.

Held¹ – суд решил; решено