Latinska_Mova_Svitlychna2011
.pdf
8. ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Ⱦɶɨɝɬɸ Ɂɟɥɟɧɨɝɨ ɦɢɥɚ ɩɨ 15,0
ȿɬɢɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɩɢɪɬɭ 95% 15 ɦɥ Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ, ɧɟɯɚɣ ɭɬɜɨɪɢɬɶɫɹ ɥɿɧɿɦɟɧɬ ȼɢɞɚɣ.
ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:
9. ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Ɋɨɡɱɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɩɬɨɰɢɞɭ 5,0 Ɋɨɡɱɢɧɭ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɢ 1% 100 ɦɥ Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ. ɉɪɨɫɬɟɪɢɥɿɡɭɣ! ȼɢɞɚɣ. ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:
|
|
§ 122. dzȍȒșȐȟȕȐȑ ȔȭȕȭȔțȔ |
arvensis, e |
— ɩɨɥɶɨɜɢɣ |
|
chinensis, e |
— ɤɢɬɚɣɫɶɤɢɣ |
|
communis, e |
— ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɢɣ |
|
vulgaris, e |
— ɫɨɥɨɞɤɢɣ |
|
dulcis, e |
||
extemporalis, e |
— ɟɤɫɬɟɦɩɨɪɚɥɶɧɢɣ |
|
fortis, e |
— ɫɢɥɶɧɢɣ (ɡɚ ɞɿɽɸ) |
|
majalis, e |
— ɬɪɚɜɧɟɜɢɣ |
|
mitis, e |
— ɫɥɚɛɤɢɣ, ɦ’ɹɤɢɣ (ɡɚ ɞɿɽɸ) |
|
mollis, e |
— ɦ’ɹɤɢɣ |
|
peroralis, e |
— ɩɟɪɨɪɚɥɶɧɢɣ |
|
pinguis, e |
— ɠɢɪɧɢɣ |
|
seminalis, e |
— ɧɚɫɿɧɧɟɜɢɣ |
|
sublingualis, e |
— ɩɿɞ’ɹɡɢɱɧɢɣ, ɩɿɞ’ɹɡɢɤɨɜɢɣ |
|
vernalis, e |
— ɜɟɫɧɹɧɢɣ |
|
viridis, e |
— ɡɟɥɟɧɢɣ |
|
|
|
Hɚɡɜɢ ɪɨɫɥɢɧ |
Amygdalus communis |
— ɦɢɝɞɚɥɶ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɢɣ |
|
Amygdalus dulcis |
|
— ɦɢɝɞɚɥɶ ɫɨɥɨɞɤɢɣ |
Berberis vulgaris |
|
— ɛɚɪɛɚɪɢɫ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɢɣ |
Juniperus communis |
— ɹɥɿɜɟɰɶ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɢɣ |
|
Ononis arvensis |
|
— ɜɨɜɱɭɝ ɩɨɥɶɨɜɢɣ |
Origanum vulgare |
|
— ɦɚɬɟɪɢɧɤɚ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɚ |
Ricinus communis |
|
— ɪɢɰɢɧɚ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɚ |
Taraxacum officinale |
— ɤɭɥɶɛɚɛɚ ɥɿɤɚɪɫɶɤɚ |
|
Viola arvensis |
|
— ɮɿɚɥɤɚ ɩɨɥɶɨɜɚ |
Ledum palustre |
|
— ɛɚɝɧɨ ɛɨɥɨɬɧɹɧɟ |
131
§ 123. ǨȜȖȘȐȏȔȐ
1.Omnia mea mecum porto.
2.Omne nimium nocet.
3.Qualis rex, talis grex.
4.Ars longa, vita brevis est.
5.Fortes fortuna adjuvat.
6.Notum est amorem caecum esse.
7.Morosophi moriones pessimi.
8.Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes.
—ȼɫɟ ɫɜɨɽ ɧɨɲɭ ɡ ɫɨɛɨɸ.
—Ȼɭɞɶ-ɹɤɚ ɧɚɞɦɿɪɧɿɫɬɶ ɲɤɨɞɢɬɶ.
—əɤɢɣ ɩɚɫɬɭɯ, ɬɚɤɚ ɣ ɱɟɪɟɞɚ.
—Ɇɢɫɬɟɰɬɜɨ ɜɿɱɧɟ, ɠɢɬɬɹ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɟ.
—ɋɦɿɥɢɜɢɦ ɞɨɥɹ ɞɨɩɨɦɚɝɚɽ.
—ȼɿɞɨɦɨ, ɳɨ ɤɨɯɚɧɧɹ ɫɥɿɩɟ.
—ɍɱɟɧɿ ɞɭɪɧɿ — ɧɚɣɝɿɪɲɿ ɡ ɞɭɪɧɿɜ.
—Ȼɨɸɫɹ ɞɚɧɚɣɰɿɜ, ɧɚɜɿɬɶ ɤɨɥɢ ɞɚɪɭɧɤɢ ɩɪɢɧɨɫɹɬɶ.
132
ǯǨǵȇǺǺȇ ȹ 25
§ 124. ǬȭȫȗȘȐȒȔȍȚȕȐȒȐ ȚȍȗȍȘȭȠȕȤȖȋȖ ȟȈșț ȌȭȑșȕȖȋȖ șȚȈȕț
Ⱦɿɽɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤ ɬɟɩɟɪɿɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɭ ɞɿɣɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɭ — ɜɿɞɞɿɽɫɥɿɜɧɚ ɮɨɪɦɚ, ɳɨ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɢɽɞɧɚɧɧɹɦ ɞɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɢ ɞɿɽɫɥɨɜɚ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɚ -ns (I
— II ɞɿɽɜɿɞɦɿɧɚ), ɚɛɨ -ens (III — IV ɞɿɽɜɿɞɦɿɧɚ). Ɋɨɞɨɜɢɣ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɨɤ ɞɿɽɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɬɟɩɟɪɿɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɭ ɞɿɣɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɭ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ -ntis.
Hɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ: praepƗrare — praeparans, ntis (ɝɨɬɭɸɱɢɣ, ɝɨɬɭɸɱɚ, ɝɨ-
ɬɭɸɱɟ)
dividƟre — dividens, entis (ɪɨɡɞɿɥɹɸɱɢɣ, ɪɨɡɞɿɥɹɸɱɚ, ɪɨɡɞɿɥɹɸɱɟ) ɍ ɞɿɽɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɬɟɩɟɪɿɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɭ ɞɿɣɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɭ, ɹɤ ɿ ɭ ɩɪɢɤ-
ɦɟɬɧɢɤɿɜ III ɜɿɞɦɿɧɢ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɧɹ, ɜɫɿɦ ɬɪɶɨɦ ɪɨɞɚɦ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɽ ɨɞɧɚ ɮɨɪɦɚ. ɍ ɫɥɨɜɧɢɤ ɡɚɩɢɫɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɧɚɡɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɤɚ ɿɡ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɧɹɦ ɪɨɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɤɚ ɬɚ ɡɦɿɧɟɧɨɸ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɨɸ ɨɫɧɨɜɢ.
ɉɨɪɿɜɧɹɣɬɟ:
m, f, n Gen.
simplex, Ʊcis — ɩɪɨɫɬɢɣ, ɚ, ɟ
m, f, n |
Gen. |
constituens, ntis — ɮɨɪɦɨɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɱɢɣ, ɚ, ɟ
Ⱦɿɽɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ, ɹɤ ɿ ɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ III ɜɿɞɦɿɧɢ, ɜɿɞɦɿɧɸɬɶɫɹ ɡɚ ɝɨɥɨɫɧɢɦ ɬɢɩɨɦ.
Ɂɪɚɡɨɤ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɿɦɟɧɧɢɤɚ ɡ ɞɿɽɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɨɦ: remedium constituens — ɮɨɪɦɨɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɱɢɣ ɡɚɫɿɛ
Casus |
Singularis |
Casus |
Pluralis |
|
|
|
|
Nom. |
remedium constituens |
Nom. |
remedia constituentia |
Gen. |
remedii constituentis |
Gen. |
remediorum constituentium |
Dat. |
remedio constituenti |
Dat. |
remediis constituentƱbus |
Acc. |
remedium constituens |
Acc. |
remedia constituentia |
Abl. |
remedio constituenti |
Abl. |
remediis constituentƱbus |
|
|
|
|
133
§ 125. HȈȏȊȐ ȭȕȋȘȍȌȭȫȕȚȭȊ ț șȒȓȈȌȕȖȔț ȘȍȞȍȗȚȭ
Ȼɿɥɶɲɿɫɬɶ ɧɚɡɜ ɿɧɝɪɟɞɿɽɧɬɿɜ, ɳɨ ɜɯɨɞɹɬɶ ɞɨ ɫɤɥɚɞɭ ɫɤɥɚɞɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɚ, ɜɢɪɚɠɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɞɿɽɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɬɟɩɟɪɿɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɭ ɞɿɣɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɭ.
ȼɨɧɢ ɡɚɩɢɫɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɦɭ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ:
1)basis, is f — ɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɣ ɥɿɤɚɪɫɶɤɢɣ ɡɚɫɿɛ, ɳɨ ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɭɽ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɭ ɬɟɪɚɩɟɜɬɢɱɧɭ ɞɿɸ;
2)remedium adjuvans — ɞɨɩɨɦɿɠɧɢɣ ɡɚɫɿɛ, ɳɨ ɩɨɫɢɥɸɽ ɱɢɦ ɩɨɫɥɚɛɥɹɽ ɞɿɸ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɫɨɛɭ;
3)remedium corrigens — ɜɢɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɱɢɣ ɡɚɫɿɛ, ɳɨ ɜɢɩɪɚɜɥɹɽ ɧɟɩɪɢɽɦɧɢɣ ɫɦɚɤ, ɤɨɥɿɪ ɱɢ ɡɚɩɚɯ ɥɿɤɿɜ;
4)remedium constituens — ɮɨɪɦɨɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɱɢɣ ɡɚɫɿɛ, ɳɨ ɧɚɞɚɽ ɥɿɤɚɦ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɭ ɮɨɪɦɭ.
? |
§ 126. |
DzȖȕȚȘȖȓȤȕȭ ȗȐȚȈȕȕȧ |
|
1.əɤ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɬɶɫɹ ɞɿɽɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ ɬɟɩɟɪɿɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɭ ɞɿɣɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɭ?
2.əɤ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɸɸɬɶɫɹ ɞɿɽɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ ɬɟɩɟɪɿɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɭ ɞɿɣɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɭ?
3.əɤ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚ ɞɿɽɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɚ ɬɟɩɟɪɿɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɭ ɞɿɣɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɭ?
§ 127. ǪȗȘȈȊȐ
I. ɍɬɜɨɪɿɬɶ ɜɿɞ ɞɿɽɫɥɿɜ ɞɿɽɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ ɬɟɩɟɪɿɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɭ ɞɿɣɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɭ, ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɿɬɶ ʀɯ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɦɨɜɨɸ:
studeo, Ɲre II — ɜɱɢɬɢɫɹ laboro, Ɨre I — ɩɪɚɰɸɜɚɬɢ doceo, Ɲre II — ɜɱɢɬɢ adjuvo, Ɨre I — ɞɨɩɨɦɚɝɚɬɢ audio, Ưre IV — ɫɥɭɯɚɬɢ
convalesco, Ɵre III — ɨɞɭɠɭɜɚɬɢ formo, Ɨre I — ɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɬɢ, ɭɬɜɨɪɸɜɚɬɢ
II. ɉɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɿɬɶ ɭɫɧɨ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɦɨɜɨɸ:
1. Ruta graveolens. 2. Lagochilus inebrians. 3. Vaccinum polyvalens. 4. Antitoxinum bivalens. 5. Acidum nitricum concentratum fumans. 6. Globuli anticoncipientes. 7. Homo sapiens. 8. Vir sapiens. 9. Status praesens. 10.Formae remediorum pro infantibus. 11. Saccharum ut remedium corrigens in pulveribus
adhibetur. |
12. Oleum |
Cacao constituens suppositoriorum et globulorum est. |
13. Folia |
Farfarae ad |
praeparationem remediorum expectorantium adhibentur. |
14. Unguentum sulfuratum simplex. 15. Tabulettae Natrii para-aminosalicylatis 0,5 enterosolubiles.
134
III.ɉɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɿɬɶ ɩɢɫɶɦɨɜɨ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɦɨɜɨɸ:
1.Tɚɛɥɟɬɤɢ ɝɥɭɬɚɦɿɧɨɜɨʀ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɢ ɤɢɲɤɨɜɨɪɨɡɱɢɧɧɿ. 2. Tɪɚɜɚ ɠɨɜɬɭɲɧɢɤɚ ɫɿɪɨɝɨ. 3. ɋɩɢɪɬɨɜɢɣ ɪɨɡɱɢɧ ɛɪɢɥɶɹɧɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɟɥɟɧɨɝɨ. 4. Ⱦɨɩɨɦɿɠɧɢɣ ɡɚɫɿɛ.
5.Ɂɚɯɢɫɧɚ ɩɚɫɬɚ. 6. ȼɿɞɯɚɪɤɭɜɚɥɶɧɚ ɦɿɤɫɬɭɪɚ. 7. ȼɢɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɱɢɣ ɡɚɫɿɛ. 8. Ȼɿɥɚ ɝɥɢɧɚ — ɮɨɪɦɨɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɱɢɣ ɡɚɫɿɛ ɞɥɹ ɬɚɛɥɟɬɨɤ. 9. Ɋɨɡɱɢɧɧɢɣ ɧɨɪɫɭɥɶɮɚɡɨɥ.
10.Ⱦɪɚɠɟ ɦɟɡɢɦɭ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚ ɞɿɽɸ. 11. ɋɬɟɪɢɥɶɧɢɣ ɪɨɡɱɢɧ ɞɥɹ ɿɧ’ɽɤɰɿɣ.
12.Ⱦɪɿɛɧɢɣ ɩɨɪɨɲɨɤ ɫɬɪɟɩɬɨɰɢɞɭ. 13. ɇɚɫɿɧɧɹ ɦɢɝɞɚɥɸ ɫɨɥɨɞɤɨɝɨ. 14. Hɚɫɬɿɣ ɤɜɿɬɨɤ ɝɨɪɢɰɜɿɬɭ ɜɟɫɧɹɧɨɝɨ. 15. Hɚɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɲɥɭɧɤɨɜɢɣ ɫɿɤ. 16. Ɇ’ɹɤɚ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɥɿɤɿɜ. 17. ȼ’ɹɠɭɱɢɣ ɡɚɫɿɛ. 18. ɋɿɤ ɿɡ ɥɢɫɬɹ ɚɥɨɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɨɜɢɞɧɨɝɨ. 19. ɉɪɨɫɬɢɣ ɫɢɪɨɩ, ɹɝɿɞɧɿ ɫɢɪɨɩɢ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɹɤ ɜɢɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɱɿ ɡɚɫɨɛɢ ɞɥɹ ɦɿɤɫɬɭɪ.
20.ɋɜɿɠɿ ɩɥɨɞɢ ɦɚɥɢɧɢ. 21. ɋɭɯɢɣ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬ ɬɟɪɦɨɩɫɢɫɭ ɩɪɨɩɢɫɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɹɤ ɜɿɞɯɚɪɤɭɜɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɡɚɫɿɛ.
IV. ɉɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɿɬɶ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɢ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɦɨɜɨɸ:
1.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Tɪɚɜɢ ɠɨɜɬɭɲɧɢɤɚ ɫɿɪɨɝɨ 25,0 ȼɢɞɚɣ.
ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:
2.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: ȼɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɪɨɡɱɢɧɭ ɛɪɢɥɶɹɧɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɟɥɟɧɨɝɨ 1% 20 ɦɥ ȼɢɞɚɣ.
ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:
3.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: ȿɭɮɿɥɿɧɭ 0,3
Ɇɚɫɥɚ ɤɚɤɚɨ 3,0 Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ, ɧɟɯɚɣ ɭɬɜɨɪɢɬɶɫɹ ɪɟɤɬɚɥɶɧɚ ɫɜɿɱɚ
ȼɢɞɚɣ ɬɚɤɿ ɞɨɡɢ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ 20 ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:
4.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Tɚɛɥɟɬɤɢ ɦɿɤɪɨɮɨɥɿɧɭ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚ ɞɿɽɸ 0,00001 ɱɢɫɥɨɦ 50 ȼɢɞɚɣ.
ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:
5.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: ɉɿɯɜɨɜɿ ɫɜɿɱɤɢ «Ɉɫɨɪɛɨɧ» ɱɢɫɥɨɦ 10
ȼɢɞɚɣ. ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:
6.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Tɪɚɜɢ ɯɜɨɳɚ ɩɨɥɶɨɜɨɝɨ 25,0 ȼɢɞɚɣ.
ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:
7.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Hɚɫɬɨɸ ɤɨɪɟɧɟɜɢɳ ɡ ɤɨɪɟɧɹɦɢ ɜɚɥɟɪɿɚɧɢ ɿɡ 6,0 — 180 ɦɥ ɉɪɨɫɬɨɝɨ ɫɢɪɨɩɭ 20,0 Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ. ȼɢɞɚɣ.
ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:
|
§ 128. dzȍȒșȐȟȕȐȑ ȔȭȕȭȔțȔ |
adjuvans, ntis |
— ɞɨɩɨɦɿɠɧɢɣ |
adstringens, ntis |
— ɜ’ɹɠɭɱɢɣ |
anticoagulans, ntis |
— ɩɟɪɟɲɤɨɞɠɚɸɱɢɣɡɫɿɞɚɧɧɸɤɪɨɜɿ, ɚɧɬɢɤɨɚɝɭɥɹɰɿɣɧɢɣ |
anticoncipiens, ntis |
— ɩɪɨɬɢɡɚɩɥɿɞɧɢɣ, ɤɨɧɬɪɚɰɟɩɬɢɜɧɢɣ |
corrigens, ntis |
— ɜɢɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɱɢɣ, ɜɢɩɪɚɜɧɢɣ |
constituens, ntis |
— ɮɨɪɦɨɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɱɢɣ, ɮɨɪɦɨɭɬɜɨɪɸɜɚɥɶɧɢɣ |
135
defendens, ntis |
— ɡɚɯɢɫɧɢɣ |
|
excitans, ntis |
— ɡɛɭɞɠɭɜɚɥɶɧɢɣ, ɡɛɭɞɠɭɸɱɢɣ |
|
expectorans, ntis |
— ɜɿɞɯɚɪɤɭɜɚɥɶɧɢɣ |
|
irritans, ntis |
— ɩɨɞɪɚɡɧɸɜɚɥɶɧɢɣ, ɩɨɞɪɚɡɧɸɸɱɢɣ |
|
laxans, ntis |
— ɩɪɨɧɨɫɧɢɣ, ɩɨɫɥɚɛɥɸɸɱɢɣ |
|
purgans, ntis |
— ɠɢɜɢɥɶɧɢɣ |
|
nutriens, ntis |
||
repellens, ntis |
— ɜɿɞɥɹɤɭɜɚɥɶɧɢɣ, ɜɿɞɥɹɤɭɸɱɢɣ |
|
stimulans, ntis |
— ɫɬɢɦɭɥɸɜɚɥɶɧɢɣ, ɫɬɢɦɭɥɸɸɱɢɣ |
|
Viride nitens |
— ɛɪɢɥɶɹɧɬɨɜɢɣ ɡɟɥɟɧɢɣ |
|
|
|
ɇɚɡɜɢ ɪɨɫɥɢɧ |
Aloë arborescens |
|
— ɚɥɨɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɨɜɢɞɧɟ, ɫɬɨɥɿɬɧɢɤ |
Erysimum canescens |
|
— ɠɨɜɬɭɲɧɢɤ ɫɿɪɢɣ (ɫɿɪɭɜɚɬɢɣ) |
|
§ 129. ǨȜȖȘȐȏȔȐ |
|
1. Homo sapiens. |
|
— Ʌɸɞɢɧɚ ɪɨɡɭɦɧɚ. (Ʌɸɞɢɧɚ ɹɤ ɪɨɡɭɦɧɚ |
2. Primus inter pares. |
|
ɿɫɬɨɬɚ). |
|
— ɉɟɪɲɢɣ ɫɟɪɟɞ ɪɿɜɧɢɯ |
|
3. Sapienti sat. |
|
— Ɇɭɞɪɨɦɭ ɞɨɫɢɬɶ (ɫɤɚɡɚɧɨɝɨ). |
4. Volens — nolens. |
|
— ɏɨɱɟɲ — ɧɟ ɯɨɱɟɲ. |
5.Feci, quod potui, faciant |
— ə ɡɪɨɛɢɜ ɭɫɟ, ɳɨ ɦɿɝ, ɿ ɧɟɯɚɣ, ɯɬɨ ɦɨɠɟ, |
|
meliora potentes. |
|
ɡɪɨɛɢɬɶ ɤɪɚɳɟ (ɰɢɦɢ ɫɥɨɜɚɦɢ ɪɢɦɫɶɤɿ |
|
|
ɤɨɧɫɭɥɢ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɭɜɚɥɢ ɩɪɨɦɨɜɭ — ɡɜɿɬ ɩɪɨ |
|
|
ɫɜɨɸ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ, ɩɟɪɟɞɚɸɱɢ ɜɥɚɞɭ ɫɜɨʀɦ |
6.Gravissimum est imperium |
ɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɢɤɚɦ). |
|
— Ɂɜɢɱɤɚ — ɞɪɭɝɚ ɧɚɬɭɪɚ. |
||
consuetudinis. |
|
— Ɂɚɫɭɞɠɭɸɬɶ ɬɟ, ɱɨɝɨ ɧɟ ɪɨɡɭɦɿɸɬɶ. |
7. Dammant quod non |
|
|
intellegunt.
136
ǯǨǵȇǺǺȇ ȹ 26—29
§ 130. ǽȭȔȭȟȕȈ ȕȖȔȍȕȒȓȈȚțȘȈ ȓȈȚȐȕșȤȒȖȦ ȔȖȊȖȦ
Ʌɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜ — ɰɟ ɿɦɟɧɧɢɤɢ ɫɟɪɟɞɧɶɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɭ II ɜɿɞɦɿɧɢ ɿɡ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɧɹɦ -um.
ȼɢɧɹɬɨɤ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɸɬɶ: Phosphorus, ɿ m — Ɏɨɫɮɨɪ Sulfur, ԃris n — ɋɭɥɶɮɭɪ
əɤ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɿ, ɬɚɤ ɿ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜ ɪɨɡɝɥɹɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɹɤ ɜɥɚɫɧɿ ɿ ɩɢɲɭɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɜɟɥɢɤɨʀ ɥɿɬɟɪɢ.
Ɂ 1994 ɪɨɤɭ ɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɿ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɚ ɧɨɜɚ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɚ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɚ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɚ, ɪɨɡɪɨɛɥɟɧɚ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɧɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɸ ɤɨɦɿɫɿɽɸ ɡ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɨʀ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɿ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɿ ɜɥɚɫɧɟ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɢɯ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɧɢɯ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɿɣ ɬɚ ɡ ɭɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ ɨɫɬɚɧɧɿɯ ɞɨɫɹɝɧɟɧɶ ɦɿɠɧɚɪɨɞɧɨʀ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɨɥɨɝɿʀ, ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɿɣ Ɇɿɠɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɭ ɡ ɱɢɫɬɨʀ ɿ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɨʀ ɯɿɦɿʀ (IUPAC). ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩɢ ɧɨɜɨʀ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨʀ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɢ ɡɚɬɜɟɪɞɠɟɧɿ Ⱦɟɪɠɚɜɧɢɦ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɦ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ (ȾɋɌɍ 2439-94). ɇɚ ɫɶɨɝɨɞɧɿ ɜɨɧɢ ɧɨɫɹɬɶ ɨɛɨɜ’ɹɡɤɨɜɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɡɜ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜ ɬɚ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɿɣɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɫɩɨɥɭɤ. ɇɨɜɢɦ ɳɨɞɨ ɧɚɡɜ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜ ɽ ɪɨɡɪɿɡɧɟɧɧɹ ɜɥɚɫɧɟ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɬɚ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɩɪɨɫɬɨʀ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢ. ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜ ɭɡɝɨɞɠɟɧɿ ɡ ʀɯ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɦɢ ɿ ɡ ɧɚɡɜɚɦɢ ɫɩɨɥɭɤ (Au — Ⱥɭɪɭɦ, Ag — Ⱥɪʉɟɧɬɭɦ ɿ ɬ. ɞ.), ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɩɪɨɫɬɢɯ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ ɡɚɥɢɲɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɛɟɡ ɡɦɿɧ (ɫɪɿɛɥɨ, ɡɨɥɨɬɨ ɿ ɬ. ɞ.). ɍ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɫɬɿ ɡ ɰɢɦ ɜɨɧɢ ɿ ɧɚɜɨɞɹɬɶɫɹ ɧɢɠɱɟ.
Ʉɪɿɦ ɬɨɝɨ, ɪɨɡɝɥɹɞɚɸɱɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɧɚɡɜ, ɦɢ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɦɨ ɧɟ ɡɜɚɠɚɬɢ ɧɚ ɬɟ, ɳɨ ɭ ɮɚɪɦɚɰɟɜɬɢɱɧɿɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɰɿ, ɭ ɜɟɥɢɱɟɡɧɿɣ ɤɿɥɶɤɨɫɬɿ ɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɥɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ, ɭ Ⱦɟɪɠɚɜɧɿɣ Ɏɚɪɦɚɤɨɩɟʀ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɬɚ ɧɨɪɦɢ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɨɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹ, ɧɚ ɹɤɢɯ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬ ɩɨɜɢɧɟɧ ɪɨɡɭɦɿɬɢɫɹ, ɿ ɹɤɿ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɧɚɜɨɞɹɬɶɫɹ ɧɢɠɱɟ.
Ɂɚɩɚɦ’ɹɬɚɣɬɟ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɧɚɣɜɚɠɥɢɜɿɲɢɯ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜ ɬɚ ɩɪɨɫɬɢɯ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ:
ɏɿɦɿɱɧɢɣ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ |
Ʌɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɚ ɧɚɡɜɚ |
ɍɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɚ ɧɚɡɜɚ |
ɇɚɡɜɚ ɩɪɨɫɬɨʀ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢ |
|
|
|
|
Al |
Aluminium, ii n |
Ⱥɥɸɦɿɧɿɣ |
ɚɥɸɦɿɧɿɣ |
Ag |
Argentum, i n |
Ⱥɪʉɟɧɬɭɦ |
ɫɪɿɛɥɨ |
As |
Arsenicum, i n |
Ⱥɪɫɟɧ |
ɚɪɫɟɧ (ɦɢɲ’ɹɤ) |
Au |
Aurum, i n |
Ⱥɭɪɭɦ |
ɡɨɥɨɬɨ |
Ba |
Barium, ii n |
Ȼɚɪɿɣ |
ɛɚɪɿɣ |
|
|
|
137 |
|
|
|
Ɂɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɧɹ ɬɚɛɥ. |
ɏɿɦɿɱɧɢɣ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ |
Ʌɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɚ ɧɚɡɜɚ |
ɍɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɚ ɧɚɡɜɚ |
ɇɚɡɜɚ ɩɪɨɫɬɨʀ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢ |
|
|
|
|
Bi |
Bismuthum, i n |
Ȼɿɫɦɭɬ |
ɛɿɫɦɭɬ (ɜɿɫɦɭɬ) |
B |
Borum, i n |
Ȼɨɪ |
ɛɨɪ |
Br |
Bromum, i n |
Ȼɪɨɦ |
ɛɪɨɦ |
Ca |
Calcium, ii n |
Ʉɚɥɶɰɿɣ |
ɤɚɥɶɰɿɣ |
C |
Carboneum, i n |
Ʉɚɪɛɨɧ |
ɜɭɝɥɟɰɶ |
Cl |
Chlorum, i n |
ɏɥɨɪ |
ɯɥɨɪ |
Cu |
Cuprum, i n |
Ʉɭɩɪɭɦ |
ɦɿɞɶ |
Fe |
Ferrum, i n |
Ɏɟɪɭɦ |
ɡɚɥɿɡɨ |
F |
Fluorum, i n |
Ɏɥɭɨɪ |
ɮɬɨɪ |
I |
Iodum, i n |
Ƀɨɞ |
ɣɨɞ |
H |
Hydrogenium, ii n |
Ƚɿɞɪɨʉɟɧ |
ɜɨɞɟɧɶ |
N |
Nitrogenium, ii n |
ɇɿɬɪɨʉɟɧ |
ɚɡɨɬ |
O |
Oxygenium, ii n |
Ɉɤɫɢʉɟɧ |
ɤɢɫɟɧɶ |
Hg |
Hydrargyrum, i n |
Ɇɟɪɤɭɪɿɣ |
ɪɬɭɬɶ |
K |
Kalium, ii n |
Ʉɚɥɿɣ |
ɤɚɥɿɣ |
Li |
Lithium, ii n |
Ʌɿɬɿɣ |
ɥɿɬɿɣ |
Mg |
Magnesium, ii n |
Ɇɚʉɧɿɣ |
ɦɚʉɧɿɣ |
Mn |
Magnium, ii n |
Ɇɚɧʉɚɧ |
ɦɚɧʉɚɧ(ɦɚɪɝɚɧɟɰɶ) |
Manganum, i n |
|||
Na |
Natrium, ii n |
ɇɚɬɪɿɣ |
ɧɚɬɪɿɣ |
P |
Phosphorus, i m |
Ɏɨɫɮɨɪ |
ɮɨɫɮɨɪ |
Pb |
Plumbum, i n |
ɉɥɸɦɛɭɦ |
ɫɜɢɧɟɰɶ, ɨɥɢɜɨ |
Si |
Silicium, ii n |
ɋɢɥɿɰɿɣ |
ɫɢɥɿɰɿɣ (ɤɪɟɦɧɿɣ) |
Sb |
Stibium, ii n |
ɋɬɢɛɿɣ |
ɫɬɢɛɿɣ |
S |
Sulfur, ǎris n |
ɋɭɥɶɮɭɪ |
ɫɿɪɤɚ |
Tl |
Thallium, ii n |
Ɍɚɥɿɣ |
ɬɚɥɿɣ |
Zn |
Zincum, i n |
ɐɢɧɤ |
ɰɢɧɤ |
* ɍ ɞɭɠɤɚɯ ɧɚɜɟɞɟɧɿ ɫɬɚɪɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ, ɹɤɿ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɭ ɮɚɪɦɚɰɟɜɬɢɱɧɿɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɰɿ.
ɍ Ɇɿɠɧɚɪɨɞɧɿɣ Ɏɚɪɦɚɤɨɩɟʀ, ȯɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɶɤɿɣ Ɏɚɪɦɚɤɨɩɟʀ ɬɚ ɜ ɨɤɪɟɦɢɯ ɧɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɚɢɞɚɧɧɹɯ ɞɟɹɤɿ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɿ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɢ ɡɭɫɬɪɿɱɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɩɿɞ ɿɧɲɢɦɢ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɢɦɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɦɢ:
ɧɚɬɪɿɣ — Sodium, ii n ɦɟɪɤɭɪɿɣ — Mercurium, ii n ɫɬɢɛɿɣ — Antimonium, ii n ɤɚɥɿɣ — Potassium, ii n
§ 131. HȈȏȊȐ ȒȐșȓȖȚ
Ʉɢɫɥɨɬɢ, ɹɤ ɿ ɛɚɝɚɬɨ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɿɜ, ɦɚɸɬɶ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɞɜɨɯ ɬɢɩɿɜ — ɯɿɦɿɱɧɿ (ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɿ, ɪɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɿ) ɣ ɬɪɢɜɿɚɥɶɧɿ. ɉɟɪɲɿ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɚɠɧɨ ɜ ɧɚɭɤɨɜɿɣ ɿ ɧɚɜɱɚɥɶɧɿɣ ɥɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɿ, ɞɪɭɝɿ — ɜ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɫɮɟɪɚɯ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɬɚ ɩɨɛɭɬɭ. Ɉɞɧɚɤ, ɱɿɬɤɨɝɨ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥɭ ʀɯ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɧɟɦɚɽ. ɍ ɩɿɞɪɭɱɧɢɤɭɧɚɜɟɞɟɧɿɹɤɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɿ, ɬɚɤɿɬɪɢɜɿɚɥɶɧɿɧɚɡɜɢɤɢɫɥɨɬ.
138
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɿɦɟɧɧɢɤɚ acidum, i n ɿ ɭɡɝɨɞɠɟɧɨɝɨ ɡ ɧɢɦ ɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɚ, ɹɤɢɣ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɩɪɢɽɞɧɚɧɧɹ ɞɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɢ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɨɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɱɨɝɨ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɚ.
Hɟɨɪɝɚɧɿɱɧɿ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɢ
1.ɉɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ-ɧɚɡɜɢ ɨɤɫɢʉɟɧɨɜɦɿɫɧɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɧɚ ɜɢɳɨɦɭ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɨɤɢɫɧɟɧɧɹ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɨɦ -ӿc(um). B ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɿɣ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɿ ɣɨɦɭ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɽ ɤɿɧɰɟɜɢɣ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬ -ɚɬɧɚ.
Hɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ:
acidum nitricum (nitr- (ɜɿɞ Nitrogenium) + icum) — ɧɿɬɪɚɬɧɚ (ɚɡɨɬɧɚ)
ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ
acidum arsenicicum (arsenic- (ɜɿɞ Arsenicum) + icum) — ɚɪɫɟɧɚɬɧɚ
(ɦɢɲ’ɹɤɨɜɚ) ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ
2.ɉɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ-ɧɚɡɜɢ ɨɤɫɢʉɟɧɨɜɦɿɫɧɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɧɚ ɧɢɠɱɨɦɭ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɨɤɢɫɧɟɧɧɹ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɨɦ -ǀs(um). B ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɿɣ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɿ ɣɨɦɭ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɸɬɶ ɤɿɧɰɟɜɿ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɢ -ɢɬɧɚ, -ɿɬɧɚ.
Hɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ: acidum nitrosum — ɧɿɬɪɢɬɧɚ (ɚɡɨɬɢɫɬɚ) ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ acidum arsenicosum — ɚɪɫɟɧɿɬɧɚ (ɦɢɲ’ɹɤɨɜɢɫɬɚ) ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ
Ⱦɥɹ ɞɟɹɤɢɯ ɧɚɣɜɚɠɥɢɜɿɲɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɩɨɪɹɞ ɿɡ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɦɢ ɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɪɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɿ. ɍ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɧɚɡɜɚɯ ɪɿɡɧɿ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɨɤɢɫɧɟɧɧɹ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ, ɳɨ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɽ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɭ, ɩɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɦɢ ɩɪɟɮɿɤɫɚɦɢ ɿ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɚɦɢ. ɇɚɡɜɢ ɨɤɫɢʉɟɧɨɜɦɿɫɧɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɧɚ ɜɢɳɨɦɭ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɨɤɢɫɧɟɧɧɹ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɩɪɟɮɿɤɫɨɦ per- ɬɚ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɨɦ -ӿcum; ɧɚ ɞɜɨɯ ɩɪɨɦɿɠɧɢɯ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɹɯ ɨɤɢɫɧɟɧɧɹ — ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɡ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɚɦɢ -ӿcum ɬɚ -ǀsum; ɧɚ ɧɢɠɱɨɦɭ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ — ɿɡ ɩɪɟɮɿɤɫɨɦ hypo- ɬɚ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɨɦ -ǀsum.
ɇɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ:
acidum perchlorӿcum — ɩɟɪɯɥɨɪɚɬɧɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ (ɇɋlɈ4) acidum chlorӿcum — ɯɥɨɪɚɬɧɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ (ɇɋlɈ3) acidum chlorǀsum — ɯɥɨɪɢɬɧɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ (ɇɋlɈ2) acidum hypochlorǀsum — ɝɿɩɨɯɥɨɪɢɬɧɚ (ɇɋlɈ)
3.ɉɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ — ɧɚɡɜɢ ɛɟɡɨɤɫɢʉɟɧɨɜɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɬɶɫɹ ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɩɪɟɮɿɤɫɚ hydr(o)- ɿ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɚ -ic(um). B ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɿɣ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ –ɢɞɧɚ, –ɿɞɧɚ.
Hɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ:
acidum hydroiodicum (hydro + iod+ icum) — ɣɨɞɢɞɧɚ (ɣɨɞɨɜɨɞɧɟɜɚ)
ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ
acidum hydrosulfuricum (hydro + sulfur + icum) — ɫɭɥɶɮɿɞɧɚ (ɫɿɪɤɨ-
ɜɨɞɧɟɜɚ) ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ
ɍ ɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɶɧɿɣ ɥɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɿ ɜɠɢɜɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɡ ɤɿɧɰɟɜɢɦɢ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɨɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ:
-eɜa, -oɜɚ, -ɧɚ (ɭ ɧɚɡɜɚɯ ɨɤɫɢʉɟɧɨɜɦɿɫɧɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɧɚ ɜɢɳɨɦɭ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɨɤɢɫɧɟɧɧɹ: ɦɢɲ’ɹɤɨɜɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ, ɚɡɨɬɧɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ).
-ɢɫɬɚ (ɭ ɧɚɡɜɚɯ ɨɤɫɢʉɟɧɨɜɦɿɫɧɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɧɚ ɧɢɠɱɨɦɭ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɨɤɢɫɧɟɧɧɹ: ɦɢɲ’ɹɤɨɜɢɫɬɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ, ɮɨɫɮɨɪɢɫɬɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ)
-ɜɨɞɧɟɜɚ (ɭ ɧɚɡɜɚɯ ɛɟɡɨɤɫɢʉɟɧɨɜɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ: ɯɥɨɪɨɜɨɞɧɟɜɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ).
139
Ɉɪɝɚɧɿɱɧɿ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɢ
Hɚɡɜɢ ɛɚɝɚɬɶɨɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɜɤɚɡɭɸɬɶ ɧɚ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɭ ɱɢ ɪɨɫɥɢɧɭ, ɿɡ ɹɤɨʀ ɜɨɧɢ ɜɩɟɪɲɟ ɛɭɥɢ ɜɢɞɿɥɟɧɿ, ɫɩɨɫɿɛ ɜɢɞɿɥɟɧɧɹ ɿ ɬ. ɿɧ. ȼɨɧɢ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɬɶɫɹ ɜɿɞ ɨɫɧɨɜɢ ɿɦɟɧɧɢɤɿɜ ɿɡ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɨɦ -ic(um).
Hɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ:
acidum formicicum — ɦɭɪɚɲɢɧɚ, ɮɨɪɦɿɚɬɧɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ
(ɜɿɞ formica, ae f — ɦɭɪɚɯɚ)
acidum aceticum — ɨɰɬɨɜɚ, ɚɰɟɬɚɬɧɚɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ(ɜɿɞacetum, ɿn — ɨɰɟɬ) acidum citricum — ɥɢɦɨɧɧɚ, ɰɢɬɪɚɬɧɚɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ(ɜɿɞcitrus, i m — ɥɢɦɨɧ).
§ 132. HȈȏȊȐ ȖȒșȐȌȭȊ
ɏɿɦɿɱɧɿ (ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɿ) ɧɚɡɜɢ ɨɤɫɢɞɿɜ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɪɨɞɨɜɨɦɭ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɤɭ ɬɚ ɝɪɭɩɨɜɨʀ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɨɤɫɢɞɭ ɜ ɧɚɡɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɤɭ (oxydum, ɿ n — ɨɤɫɢɞ; peroxydum, ɿ n — ɩɟɪɨɤɫɢɞ)*.
ɧɚɡɜɚ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ |
|
+ |
ɝɪɭɩɨɜɚ ɧɚɡɜɚ ɨɤɫɢɞɭ |
|
(ɿɦɟɧɧɢɤ ɜ Gen. sing.) |
(ɿɦɟɧɧɢɤ ɜ Nom. sing.) |
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
Hɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ: Plumbi oxydum — ɩɥɸɦɛɭɦɭ ɨɤɫɢɞ
Hydrogenii oxydum — ɝɿɞɪɨʉɟɧɭ ɨɤɫɢɞ (ɜɨɞɚ) Hydrogenii peroxydum — ɝɿɞɪɨʉɟɧɭ ɩɟɪɨɤɫɢɞ
ɍ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɢɯ ɬɚ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɢɯ ɧɚɡɜɚɯ ɨɤɫɢɞɿɜ ɧɚɡɜɚ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɽ ɧɟɭɡɝɨɞɠɟɧɢɦ ɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦ ɩɨ ɜɿɞɧɨɲɟɧɧɸ ɞɨ ɝɪɭɩɨɜɨʀ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɨɤɫɢɞɭ. Ɍɨɦɭ ɩɪɢ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɸɜɚɧɧɿ ɩɟɪɲɟ ɫɥɨɜɨ ɜ ɧɚɡɜɿ ɨɤɫɢɞɿɜ ɧɟ ɡɦɿɧɸɽ ɫɜɨɽʀ ɮɨɪɦɢ. ɍ ɧɨɜɿɣ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɿɣ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɿ ɧɚɡɜɭ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɨɩɨɧɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɫɬɚɜɢɬɢ ɜ ɧɚɡɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɤɭ: ɩɥɸɦɛɭɦ ɨɤɫɢɞ, ɝɿɞɪɨʉɟɧ ɩɟɪɨɤɫɢɞ ɿ ɬ. ɿɧ. ɉɨɛɭɞɨɜɚɧɿ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɱɢɧɨɦ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɨɤɫɢɞɿɜ ɪɨɡɝɥɹɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɹɤ ɫɬɚɥɿ ɫɥɨɜɨɫɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɹ, ɜ ɹɤɢɯ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɥɢɲɟ ɞɪɭɝɟ ɫɥɨɜɨ: ɩɥɸɦɛɭɦ ɨɤɫɢɞɭ, ɝɿɞɪɨʉɟɧ ɩɟɪɨɤɫɢɞɭ ɿ ɬ. ɞ.
əɤɳɨ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɦɨɠɟ ɜɢɹɜɥɹɬɢ ɜ ɫɩɨɥɭɤɚɯ ɪɿɡɧɿ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɨɤɢɫɧɟɧɧɹ, ɬɨ ɜ ɧɚɡɜɿ ɨɤɫɢɞɭ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɤɚɡɭɸɬɶ ɪɢɦɫɶɤɨɸ ɰɢɮɪɨɸ ɫɬɭɩɿɧɶ ɨɤɢɫɧɟɧɧɹ:
Hɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ:
Nitrogenii (I) oxydum — ɧɿɬɪɨʉɟɧɭ(I) ɨɤɫɢɞ(ɫɬɚɪɚɧɚɡɜɚ— ɡɚɤɢɫɚɡɨɬɭ) Nitrogenii (II) oxydum — ɧɿɬɪɨʉɟɧɭ (II) ɨɤɫɢɞ
* ɍ ɆɎ, ȯɎ ɬɚ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɦɿɠɧɚɪɨɞɧɢɯ ɜɢɞɚɧɧɹɯ ɿɦɟɧɧɢɤɢ oxydum, peroxydum, hydroxydum ɡɭɫɬɪɿɱɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɭ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɿ oxidum, peroxidum, hydroxidum.
140