Англ. для заоч.Андрианова
.pdfControl Exercise |
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ar'range, sharp, shape, pair, |
me'chanic, |
rare, |
paint, |
ask, |
draw, |
com'pare, dark, character, cause, |
in'stall, also, |
way, |
space, |
land, |
change |
GRAMMAR STUDY
Спряжение глаголя to be (быть, находиться, являться) в Present и Past Indefinite
Present
3
Ou
Утвердительная форма
1 a m |
l a student. |
He (she) |
is j |
It is a book.
We (you, they) are students.
1 (he, she) was a worker.
We (you, they) were workers.
Отрицательная форма |
Вопросительная форма |
1 ж т I not a student. He is J
It is not a book.
We (you, they) are not students.
I (he, she) was not a worker.
A r e |
У°и1 a student? |
Is he |
J |
Is it a book? Are you (they) students?
Was he (she) a worker?
We (you, they) were not Were you (they) workers. workers?
Present
Ъ
«
cu
Спряжение глагола to have (иметь) в Present и Past Indefinite
Утвердительная форма |
Отрицательная форма |
Вопросительная форма |
I (we, you, they) have a |
I (we, you, they) have no |
Have you a brother? |
brother. |
brother. |
Has he a brother? |
He (she) has a brother. |
He (she) has no brother. |
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I (he, she, we, you, they) |
I (he, she, we, you, they) |
Had you a brother? |
had a brother. |
had no brother. |
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4.Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы:
1.This is a large square.
2.I am a mechanic.
3.You are an engineer.
4.We were workers.
5.She was a teacher.
5.Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы:
1.We have mathematics today.
2.I have a sister.
3.My friend has English books.
4.They had friends in Moscow.
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Множественное Единственное число число
Оборот there + be (быть, находиться, иметься в наличии) в Present и Past Indefinite
Утвердительная форма
There is (was) a student in the room.
В комнате находится (был, находился) студент.
There are (were) some students in the room. В комнате находятся (находились, были) студенты.
Отрицательная форма |
Вопросительная |
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форма |
There is (was) no |
Is (was) there |
student in the room. |
a student in |
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the room? |
There are (were) no |
Are (were) there |
students in the room. |
any students |
There are (were) |
in the room? |
not any students |
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in the room. |
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б.Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.
1.There is a table in front of the window. 2.There were notebooks and books on the table. 3. There are some desks for students in the middle of the room. 4. There are some numbers and symbols on the blackboard.
International Words
7. а) Определите значения интернациональных слов, встречающихся в тексте данного урока. Обратите внимание на их частичное фонетическое сходство с со-
ответствующими русскими словами; затем слова прочтите (§ 144). При переводе обращайте внимание на пометы, обозначающие части речи.
б) Не прибегая к помощи словаря, переведите интернациональные слова; обратите внимание на их полное совпадение с соответствующими русскими словами
по значению-.
college ['kolid3] п compass fkAmpas] п ellipse [i'lips] n geometiy [d^Dmitn] n
lecture flekt/э] n mathematics [/mae0iymaetiks] n symbol fsimbl] n
technical fteknikl] n
в) Переведите со словарем слова, частично совпадающие с соответствующими русскими словами по значению. Выберите нужное значение слова, исходя-
из контекста:
assistant [d'sistnt] п |
line [lain] n |
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construction |
[kan'strAkJn] п |
position |
[pa'zijn] n |
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figure fftga] n |
professor [pra'fesa] |
n |
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instrument |
finstrumant] n |
student |
fstjurdnt] n |
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subject |
fsAbd3ikt] |
n |
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TEXT. AT THE LECTURE ON GEOMETRY |
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This |
is a picture of a classroom. |
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This |
is Mr. Black, professor of mathematics. That |
is Mrs. Hutt, |
she |
is Mr. Black's assistant. Mrs. Hutt has a ruler and a |
piece of chalk |
in |
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her hands. |
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There are some young men and women in the classroom. Only three months ago they were schoolchildren. Now they are students of an English technical college.
Today is the second (2nd) of September. The students have three lec-
tures today. The first (1st) lecture is on geometry. |
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The |
classroom is |
large and light. There |
are two large |
windows |
on |
the right |
and a door |
on the left. There is a |
bookcase in |
the corner |
of |
the room. Over the bookcase there hangs a clock. Are there any bookshelves here? No, there are no bookshelves in the room (there aren't any). In front of one of the windows there is a table. What is there on the table? On the table there are many things, for example, some instruments, a sliding rule, a ruler, a compass, a pen, some pencils and notebooks.
In the middle of the room there stand some desks for students. On the wall there hangs a blackboard and tables. There are some drawings on the blackboardThese are geometrical figures: a circle in the middle, a square on the left, a triangle on the right and an ellipse below the circle. Under the drawings there are numbers and symbols.
Geometry treats of* the properties, constructions and measurements of
lines, surfaces, |
and |
solids. |
A solid, or |
body, has three dimensions: length, breadth and thickness. |
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A surface has |
only |
two dimensions: length and breadth. A line has only |
2 - 1 6 1 1 9 Андрианова |
33 |
one dimension, length. A point has no dimension but is simply a position in space.
At the end of his lecture Mr. Black says: "You already had mathematics at school. Now you have higher mathematics which is a very important subject for technical college students. It is sometimes called the queen of sciences."
Notes on the Text
1.to treat of—трактовать, говорить о
2.is called — сказуемое в страдательном залоге; здесь переводится возвратны.» глагол «называется»
ago adv—тому назад body л — тело breadth л — ширина
circle л — круг; окружность corner л — угол
dimension л — измерение drawing л — чертеж
end л — конец ' — . figure п — фигура
hang (hung) v—висеть; вешать important а — важный
left а — левый length л — длина light а — светлый middle л — середина only adv — только point л — точка
8.Ответьте на вопросы:
1.Who is ME Blade?
2.Who is Mrs. Hutt?
to Be Learnt
property л — свойство
right a — правый; правильный say (said) v — говорить, сказать science л — наука
simply adv — просто solid л — твердое тело sometimes adv — иногда space л — пространство square л — квадрат stand (stood) v — стоять subject л — предмет surface я — поверхность table л — стол; таблица thickness л — толщина thing л — вещь, предмет
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3. |
Where |
are they? |
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4. |
What |
are the young people in the classroom? |
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5. |
Is the |
classroom |
large |
and light? |
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6. |
What |
is |
there |
in |
the |
classroom? |
7. |
Wbat |
is |
there |
on |
the |
table near the window? |
8.Where is the blackboard?
9.What drawings are there on the blackboard?
10.Where on the blackboard is a circle, a square, a triangle, an ellipse?
11.What dimensions has a solid, a surface, a line?
WORD STUDY
Запомните следующие предлоги:
Prepositions
of place
the deck — за (у) партой (ы) at an institute — в институте
work (school) — на работе, в школе
by the desk — у, около парты
between two desks— между двумя партами the desk — в парте
н1the room — в комнате figure 25 — на рисунке 25
on the surface — на поверхности
of time
at 7 o'clock — в 7 часов
by 7 o'clock — к 7 часам
between 6 and 8 o'clock—между 6 и 8 часами spring — весной
in May — в мае
the daytime — днем
two days- ч ерез два дня
on fthe 5th of April —пятого апреля [Sunday — в воскресенье
Prepositions: above, over, below, under
| the clouds — над облаками abovej zero — выше нуля
[40 people — свыше 40 человек
the town — над городом 40 students — свыше 40
over студентов
the North Pole — через Северный полюс
2* |
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9 Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение предлогов:
1. |
Mrs. Hutt is at work now, she |
is |
at |
(in) |
her college. |
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2. |
Her work is over at 5 o'clock. |
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3. |
There were over thirty students |
at |
the lecture. |
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4. |
The students1 lectures are over by 3 o'clock and sometimes be- |
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tween 3 and 4 o'clock. |
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5. |
The students usually have their lectures in the morning and only |
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sometimes |
in |
the evening. |
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6. |
On the third |
of September they |
had |
three |
lectures. |
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7. |
In winter and in summer they |
have |
their |
examinations. |
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8. |
Are there |
any |
lamps above the |
desks? Yes, there are some. |
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10.Образуйте множественное число от следующих существительных, затем прочтите их вслух, обращая особое внимание на чтение окончаний (§ 5):
Образец: |
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a teacher -- teachers |
this family — these families |
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the box — the boxes |
that shelf -- |
those shelves |
1. a clock |
2. a figure |
3. a piece |
an assistant |
an angle |
an inch |
the subject |
the circle |
the college |
this book |
this half |
this compass |
that institute |
that country |
that class |
4. a man |
5. a nucleus |
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a woman |
a crisis |
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the child |
the basis |
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a tooth |
this phenomenon |
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afoot
П.Поставьте существительные с предлогом of в притяжательный падеж, затем переведите предложения:
Образец: This is the family of Mrs. Hutt. — This is Mrs. Hutt's family.
1. |
Mrs. Hutt is the assistant of Mr. Black. |
2. |
This young woman is the sister of my friend. |
3. |
These are the books of Mrs. Hutt. |
4. |
That is the drawing-room of the students. |
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12.Укажите, каким членом предложения (подлежащим или определением) является указательное местоимение, и переведите предложения (§ 12):
This |
is a |
clock. — This clock |
is |
round. |
These |
are |
drawings. — These |
drawings are important. |
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That is an important property |
of |
the body. — Those properties of |
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the body |
are important |
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M3.' а) Вместо выделенных слов поставьте личное местоимение в именительном или объектном падеже (§ 9); б) предложения переведите.
Образец: The square is large. It is large.
This book is for Mr. Black. Ibis book is for him.
1.Mr. Black says: "Geometry is an important subject for technical students."
2. |
A surface has two dimensions: length and breadth. |
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3. |
These lines |
are short. |
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4. |
The |
length |
of the line is 1/2 (one half) of a metre. |
5. |
The |
young |
man is a student of a technical college. |
6.This ruler was for Mrs. Hutt.
7.These drawings were for Mr. Black.
*14. Замените личные местоимения, данные в скобках, соответствующими притяжательными местоимениями. Предложения переведите.
Образец: (We) table is in front of the window. Our table is in front of the window.
1. I have some notebooks and pencils in (/) brief-case.
2.(She) family was in London.
3.Those are (we) instruments.
4. (He) examples were always interesting.
5. These are (they) friends.
6. Is this (you) child? Yes, it is (we) child. 7. This is a square. All (it) angles are right. 8. That is a line, (//) length is 1.5 metres.
9. This table is large, (it) surface is equal to 4.5 square metres.
IS. Укажите признаки и определители существительных:
a college, the figures, an English teacher, some subjects, many important properties, my brother, the professor's room, this drawing, that large and light classroom, those young women
1 Звездочка перед номером упражнения указывает на то, что данное упражнение снабжено ключом (см. с. 277).
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«16. Глаголы, данные в скобках, поставьте в соответствующем лице и числе в Present и Past Indefinite. Предложения переведите:
1. Mr. |
Black (to be) a professor of mathematics. |
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2. |
He |
(to |
have) many students at his lecture. |
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3. |
I (to be) a student too; I (to be) a. schoolboy |
only three months |
ago. |
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4. |
All |
the |
students (to be) present today. |
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5. |
We |
all |
(to have) pens, pencils, rulers, and |
notebooks with |
us. |
6.Only one student (to have) no pencil and ruler. This (to be) John Smith.
7. |
There |
(to |
be) many things on the |
teacher's |
table. |
8. |
There |
(to |
hang) a table over the |
bookcase. |
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9.Yesterday we (to have) two lectures.
17.Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различные способы перевода оборота there + be (§ 112):
а) 1. There are many students at the lecture today.
2. There is a blackboard in front of the students' desks.
3.There were cars in front of the house. There were several men there too.
б) |
1. |
There |
are hundreds of different plastics. |
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2. |
There |
are different types of rocket motors. |
в) |
3. |
There |
are several kinds of surfaces. |
1. |
In the |
corner of the room there stands a bookcase. |
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2. |
There |
hangs a clock over the bookcase. |
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3. |
In the |
middle of the classroom there stand some desks. |
18.Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы (см. таблицы перед текстом и § 131, 133). Предложения переведите:
1. |
This |
is a |
large |
classroom. |
2. |
There |
is a wmdow on the left. |
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3. |
There |
are |
some |
tables on the walls. |
4.Mr. Black was in London yesterday.
5.Mr. Black has some assistants.
6.I had friends at school.
19Сделайте синтаксический анализ предложений по данной схеме (§ 110):
Обстоятельство |
Подлежащее |
Сказуемое |
Дополнение |
Обстоятельство |
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In the first year |
the students |
have |
a lot of important |
at the college. |
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На первом курсе |
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subjects |
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у студентов (студенты имеют) |
много важных |
в колледже. |
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предметов |
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1. |
My |
friend |
is |
a mathematics teacher |
at an institute. |
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2. |
Now |
he |
is |
at |
the lecture. |
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3.My family was in Moscow in summer.
4.A solid has three dimensions.
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*20. Составьте предложения из следующих слов. Предложения переведите:
1. |
in the classroom, were, his assistant, Mr. Black, and. |
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2. |
three lectures, today, have, the students. |
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3. |
there, any, |
are, |
on the |
blackboard, figures? |
4. |
a picture, |
there, |
over, |
the bookcase, is? |
ЗАКОНЧИВ РАБОТУ НАД УРОКОМ 1, ВЫ ДОЛЖНЫ ЗНАТЬ:
1. Чтение гласной а, согласных с, g и буквосочетаний ch, sh.
2.Грамматический материал:
а) значения определенного и неопределенного артикля; б) образование множественного числа существительных; в) род и падежи (2) существительных;
г) личные местоимения и их падежи (2), указательные, притяжательные и неопределенные местоимения;
' д) числительные, чтение чисел и дат;
е) спряжение глаголов to be и to have в Present и Past Indefinite; ж) употребление оборота there + be в Present и Past Indefinite;
3.Слова, выделенные для запоминания, с. 34.
4.Предлоги места и времени.
Вы должны знать 32 слова.