Прошедшее неопределенное время (The Past Indefinite Tense)

Форма прошедшего простого времени образуется синтаксически путем прибавления к основе инфинитива окончания -ed: talked, worked, opened. Если основа оканчивается на немое -е, то прошедшее время образуется путем прибавления -d: like - liked.

Прошедшая форма неправильных глаголов образуется различными способами: to speak - spoke, to meet - met, to know - knew.

Вопросительные и отрицательные формы образуются аналитически при помощи вспомогательного глагола to do в прошедшем времени – did и инфинитива смыслового глагола.

Утвердительная форма			Вопросительная форма			Отрицательная форма
I worked You worked He worked She worked It worked We worked You worked They worked	I wrote You wrote He wrote She wrote It wrote We wrote You wrote They wrote	Did I work? Did you work? Did he work? Did she work? Did it work? Did we work? Did you work? Did they work?		Did I write? Did you write? Did he write? Did she write? Did it write? Did we write? Did you write? Did they write?	I did not work You did not work He did not work She did not work It did not work We did not work You did not work They did not work		I did not write You did not write He did not write She did not write It did not write We did not write You did not write They did not write

Прошедшее простое время употребляется:

1. Для описания действий, происходивших в прошлом, не связанных с настоящим. Прошедшее действие может характеризоваться обстоятельством времени (yesterday, last week, on Sunday, in 1999, a month ago, long ago). - Dr. Nixon taught at Oxford last year. - Доктор Никсон преподавал в Оксфорде в прошлом году.

2. Для описания последовательных действий в прошлом. Например: Mr.West came up to the house, took the key out of his pocket and opened the door. - Мистер Вест подошел к дому, достал из кармана ключ и открыл дверь.

3. Для описания обычных, повторяющихся действий в прошлом. Например: When Mr. Dance was a student, he rode his bike to classes. - Когда мистер Данс был студентом, он ездил на занятия на велосипеде.

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

Exercise 1. Перепишите данные предложения в прошедшем времени.

1. I often see Julia at the University. Yesterday… .

2. We always meet on Sundays. Last month…

3. Dan usually walks to his office. Yesterday…

4. He usually has a sandwich for lunch. Yesterday…

5. They usually watch TV in the evening. Yesterday evening …

6. I usually sleep very well. Last night … .

7. He does morning exercises every day. Yesterday…

8. She often loses things. Two days ago … .

9. She often brings flowers from the country. Last Sunday …

10. This woman sells vegetables every day. On Saturday …

Exercise 2. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу глаголами в прошедшем времени.

Find, fall, keep, leave, meet, sell, hurt, cost, give, write, teach, put

1. We needed some money, so we …. our car. 2. They…. last Saturday as usual. 3. I…. a pet-dog when I was a boy. 4. Who …. the window open last night. 5. Mary … down the stairs this morning &…. her leg. 6. She … a dress which … a lot of money. 7. I… this box on the beach yesterday. 8. My brother … me this beautiful bag. 9. I … him on the way to the University. 10. A.Christie … many novels and stories.

Exercise 3. Ваш друг вернулся из путешествия, расспросите его о поездке. Составьте вопросы из предложенных слов.

Образец: where / go? - Where did you go?

food / good? - Was the food good?

1. how long / stay there?_____________________ ?

2. stay in a hotel? __________________________ ?

3. go alone? _______________________________?

4. how / travel? ____________________________ ?

5. the weather / fine? ________________________?

6. what / do in the evenings? __________________?

7. meet any interesting people? ________________?

Exercise 4. Раскройте скобки, используйте прошедшее время.

Образец: I didn’t go (not/go) to work yesterday because I wasn’t (not/be) very well.

1. Tom ______ (not/shave) this morning because he ______ (not/have) time.

2. We ______ (not/eat) anything because we ______ (not/be) hungry.

3. I ______ (not/rush) because I ______ (not/be) in a hurry.

4. She ______ (not/be) interested in the book because she ______ (not/understand) it.

Exercise 5. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу глаголами в прошедшем времени.

clean, die, enjoy, finish, happen, live, open, play, rain, smoke, start, stay, want, watch

1. Yesterday evening I watched television. 2. I ______ my teeth three times yesterday. 3. Bernard ______ 20 cigarettes yesterday evening. 4. The concert last night ______ at 7.30 and ______ at 10 o'clock. 5. The accident ______ last Sunday afternoon. 6. When I was a child, I ______ to be a doctor. 7. Mozart ______ from 1756 to 1791. 8. We ______ our holiday last year. We ______ at a very good hotel. 9. Today the weather is nice, but yesterday it ______ . 10. It was hot in the room, so I ______ the window. 11. The weather was good yesterday afternoon, so we ______ tennis. 12. William Shakespeare ______ in 1616.

Exercise 6. Напишите прошедшую форму глагола. Переведите на русский язык.

get _____ leave _____ buy _____ put _____

eat _____ see _____ know _____ tell _____

pay _____ go _____ stand _____ lose _____

make _____ hear _____ take _____ think _____

give _____ find _____ do _____ speak_____

Exercise 7. Закончите предложения, используя отрицательную форму глагола.

1. I saw John but I didn’t see Mary. 2. They worked on Monday but they _______ on Tuesday. 3. We went to the shop but we _______ to the bank. 4. She had a pen but she _______ any paper. 5. Jack did French at school but he _______ German.

Exercise 8. Скажите, что вы делали или не делали вчера.

1. (watch TV) I watched TV yesterday - I didn’t watch TV yesterday.

2. (get up before 7.30) __________________________________________ .

3. (have a shower) ______________________________________________ .

4. (buy a magazine) ____________________________________________ .

5. (speak English) ______________________________________________ .

6.(do an examination) ___________________________________________ .

7. (eat meat) __________________________________________________ .

8. (go to bed before 10.30) _______________________________________ .