- •Пермский государственный технический университет
- •Учебное пособие
- •Science and technoligy Part a
- •Learn the following words and word-combinations:
- •Science and technoligy
- •Find in the text the English equivalents to the following Russian words and word-combinations:
- •Read the words and expressions and guess what this text is about?
- •A science fiction story
- •Read the text and answer the following questions:
- •What is your opinion about the end of this story? Think over and write down about the fate of the astronauts.
- •Render the contents of the last paragraph into Indirect Speech.
- •The science of chemistry Part a
- •1. Learn the following words and word-combinations:
- •Translate the words without dictionary.
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the different meanings of the word "matter":
- •Read the text and answer the following questions.
- •The science of chemistry
- •Translate the words in the brackets into English.
- •Ask questions to the words in bold type:
- •Write a plan in form of questions to the text and retell the text according to it.
- •Translate the text into English.
- •Listen to the communication again and say what ideas absent in the first text it contains.
- •Listen to the talk once again if necessary and answer the following questions. Begin your answer with the given opening phrases: opening phrases
- •Using some chemical terms (see below) complete the following sentences in the short text:
- •Read another text on chemistry and choose the most suitable title out of the given ones:
- •Read the text again and say if the following statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •Read the text once again and entitle its paragraphs.
- •Write out a) key words out of each paragraph; b) the sentences expressing the main idea(s) of each paragraph.
- •Retell the text briefly in your own words making use of the key words and the sentences you've written out.
- •Here are two expressions of the role of chemistry. Do you share them? Express your opinion to each one.
- •History of chemistry Part a
- •Do you know the history of chemistry? Answer the following questions:
- •Read the text on alchemy, compare it with your answers and say what information they have in common and what is different. Share your ideas with your fellow students.
- •Read one more text on the history of chemistry and entitle it.
- •The measurements in chemistry Part a
- •Read the following word combinations.
- •Read the following words, mind the stresses.
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian.
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the meanings of the word "order".
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following words.
- •Read the text and answer the following questions
- •The measurements in chemistry
- •The Metric System
- •Choose the Russian equivalents from the right column.
- •Open the brackets choosing a suitable word. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •Read and retell the text.
- •A comparison of a few points of the Centigrade and Fahrenheit scales
- •Translate the text and answer the questions that follow. The Balance
- •Read and retell the text.
- •The general apparatus of inorganic laboratory Part a
- •Learn the following words.
- •Nucleus – nuclei
- •Series – series
- •The general apparatus of inorganic laboratory
- •Fill in the blanks.
- •Describe your chemical laboratory.
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the meanings of the verb “to have”:
- •Find the sentences in which “to be” is a modal verb:
- •Part b.
- •Listen to the talk again and answer the following questions choosing the correct answer out of the given ones:
- •Listen to the talk once again if necessary and give reasoning to the choice of the answers you've just given by expressing your opinion. The list of expressions comes handy:
- •Read the text without dictionary. Laboratory Rules
- •Notes on the Text
- •Answer the following questions.
- •What rules would you add to the given ones.
- •Complete the following sentences using modal verbs:
- •Read the text and describe the process with the help of the picture. Distillation
- •Read the text and tell about obtaining hydrogen using the picture. Kipp's Apparatus Used for Obtaining Hydrogen
- •Read the text and tell with the help of the figure about laboratory method of obtaining oxygen. Laboratory Method of Obtaining Oxygen
- •Russian Scientists Part a
- •Pronounce the following words:
- •Read the following word combinations:
- •Read the text and guess what scientist this text is about. Notes on the Text
- •Use the Passive Voice according to the model:
- •Find the sentences in which the form with the suffix "-ed" is a part of the passive construction:
- •Prereading Discussion
- •Listen to or look through the following text and find the facts you've not mentioned in the discussion:
- •Look through the text again and find the sentences where the author describes the following facts:
- •Read the text thoroughly with a dictionary and answer the following questions choosing the correct answer out of the given ones:
- •Give Russian equivalents to the following words, word combinations and chemical terms from the text:
- •Match the synonyms in ex. 5 and ex. 6:
- •Find in the text all the sentences containing the sequence of tenses. Translate them into Russian.
- •A) Translate the following sentences into Russian:
- •Read the following text attentively and choose the most suitable title out of the given ones:
- •Russian achievements in science Part a
- •Translate the following verbs and adjectives, form nouns from them.
- •Read the following words and word-combinations:
- •Read the text and answer the following questions:
- •Russian achievements in science
- •Choose the Russian equivalent from the right column.
- •Translate into Russian
- •Write a plan to the text and retell the text according to the plan. Express your opinion to the following theses:
- •Pronounce the following words:
- •Read the following word combinations:
- •Use the Passive Voice according to the model:
- •Find the sentences in which the form with the suffix "-ed" is a part of the passive construction:
- •Read the text and guess what scientist this text is about?
- •Using the data, make up a story about a great Russian chemist. N.N. Zinin (1812-1880)
- •N.N. Semyonov (1826-1986)
- •Accordiny to these plans prepare the reports about such Russian chemists as a.M. Butlerov, n.N. Beketov, n.D. Zelinsky, s.V. Lebedev, a.E. Favorsky. Additional Texts
- •Experimental Chemistry (1748-1757)
- •Text II Great English Scientist in physics and analytical chemistry
- •Faraday
- •Чтение химических формул
- •Сокращения, принятые в химической литературе
- •Список химических элементов
- •Rendering the text
- •Список литературы
Nucleus – nuclei
basis – bases
datum – data
phenomenon – phenomena
radius – radiuses
apparatus – apparatus / apparatuses
analysis - analyses
Series – series
Find synonyms and translate them into Russian.
to demand, generally, to furnish, to require, by means of, usually, to be concerned with, to provide, to deal with, to store, form, to perform, shape, to carry out, to equip, with the help of
Find antonyms and translate them into Russian.
external, similar, usually, internal, agreeable, seldom, different, disagreeable
Translate into Russian.
a weighing room, a reagent room, a dark room, chemicals, reagent, reagent bottle, apparatus, substance, liquid, solid, glass tube, test-tube, condenser, dessicator, steam-bath, water-bath, air-bath, porcelain, quartz, running water, firm stone shelf, to deal with, to consist of, disagreeable odour, harmful vapour
Read the text and answer the questions that follow:
The general apparatus of inorganic laboratory
The laboratory is the place where experiments as well as scientific research may be carried out. It usually consists of one large room with a weighing room, a reagent room and sometimes a dark room. The reagent room is used for storing chemicals and apparatus, and contains shelves of reagent bottles. The weighing room is specially constructed so as not to be affected by external disturbances and the balances generally stand on firm stone shelves. The analytical balance, which is kept in a glass case, consists of a beam, which swings on a knife edge, and has two pans suspended, one from each end. The material which is to be weighed is transported to and from the balance room in a dessicator. Chemical laboratory operations deal with gases, liquids and solids, and require a variety of specialized apparatus for their manipulation.
The laboratory is furnished with many long tables or benches, as they are usually called. On each of these benches there are shelves and racks for keeping apparatus, materials, etc.
On the shelves there are many bottles with different chemical substances. Some bottles contain solids, others – liquids. In the racks we can see different glass tubes, test-tubes, condensers, flasks of different shapes and sizes, bowls, glass rods, crucibles, etc. Some crucibles are made of porcelain, others of quartz or platinum.
The apparatus used for carrying out experiments are clamped to ring-stands. The ring-stand consists of a stem having a ring with a copper gauze. Every working place is fitted with a Bunsen burner. The flame of the burner can be regulated by means of a tap. All the burners are connected with the main gas line by a rubber tube. Sometimes steam-baths, water-baths and air-baths are used for heating.
The laboratory is also provided with gas and running water. There is a ventilating hood for the escape of disagreeable odours and harmful vapours.
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1. Where is scientific research carried out? 2. How many rooms does a laboratory usually consist of? 3. What is the reagent room used for? Where do balances usually stand? 4. What does the analytical balance consist of? 5. In what way is the material which is to be weighed transported? 6. What substances do chemical laboratory operations deal with? 7. What is the laboratory furnished with? 8. What is every working place fitted with? 9. What can the flame of the burners be regulated with? 10. Are all liquids colourless and odourless? 11. Where are liquids kept? 12. What is a crucible made of? 13. What are the apparatus used for carrying out experiments clamped to? 14. What is the laboratory provided with?