1. Tell if you agree or disagree with these quotations.

“When you look at a city, it’s like reading the hopes, aspirations and pride of everyone who built it.”

Hugh Newell Jacobsen

“A great city is not to be confounded with a populous one.”

Aristotle

B. How well do you know Kazan and its history? Do the quiz and check your knowledge.

1. In 1446 Kazan became the capital of ….

   1. Khanate of Kazan

   2. the Golden Horde

   3. the Bolgar state

2. In 1774 Kazan was destroyed by ….

   1. the troops of Yemelyan Pugachev

   2. great fire

   3. troops of Ivan the Terrible

3. Which building is not on the territory of the Kazan Kremlin?

   1. the Kul-Sharif mosque

   2. the Spasskaya Tower

   3. Nurullah mosque

4. The Peter and Paul Cathedral was built to commemorate the visit of …. to Kazan.

   1. Peter the Great

   2. Catherine the Great

   3. Alexander I

5. Kazan state emblem represents …

   1. a snake

   2. a horse

   3. a panther

6. Match these famous people of Kazan and their field of work.

N.A. Mislavskiy	medicine, anatomy
V.M. Bekhterev	chemistry
K. Nasyri	physics, mathematics
A.M. Butlerov	history, ethnography
P.F. Lesgaft	physiology
A.Ye. Arbuzov	psychiatry, psychology
Kh.M. Mushtari	organic chemistry

LANGUAGE SKILS: ASKING THE WAY

1. Match phrases 1)–8) with pictures a)-f), some of them can be used more than once:

1) Go straight ahead/ carry on. 5) Turn right. 2) Walk along the street. 6) Turn left at the crossroads. 3) Take the first (second) turning on the right. 7) Take a bus to… 4) Get off the bus at … 8) It’s next /across from/ opposite/beside.

?

Bus

a) b) c) d) e)

Bus

f)

B. Practice the following conversation with a partner using the substitutions in the box.

A: Do you know where I can get a cup of coffee?

B: Sure. You could try the Capital cafe.

A: Where’s that?

B: It’s on Pushkin Street near to Clocks on Bauman Street.

A: Thanks.

B: No problem.

get some clothes get some cat food buy some milk buy some jewelers grab a hamburger get some aspirin see a movie buy a book mail a letter buy some CDs have a snack

GRAMMAR1: PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE AND DIRECTION

Preposition	Use	Examples
above	higher than smth	The picture hangs above my bed.
across	from one side to the other side	You mustn't go across this road here. There isn't a bridge across the river.
along	in a line; from one point to another	They're walking along the beach.
among	in a group	I like being among people.
behind	at the back of	Our house is behind the supermarket.
below	lower than smth	Death Valley is 86 metres below sea level.
beside next to	near	Our house is beside the supermarket.
between	smth/smb is on each side	Our house is between the supermarket and the school.
by	near	He lives in the house by the river.
in front of	the part that is in the direction it faces	Our house is in front of the supermarket.
inside	opposite of outside	You shouldn't stay inside the castle.
opposite	on the other side	Our house is opposite the supermarket.
out of	leaving smth	The cat jumped out of the window.
outside	opposite of inside	Can you wait outside?
over	above smth/smb	The cat jumped over the wall.
round	in a circle	We're sitting round the campfire.
through	going from one point to the other point	You shouldn't walk through the forest.
to	towards smth/smb	I like going to Australia. Can you come to me?
under	below smth	The cat is under the table.
up	from low to high	He went up the hill.

C. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions.

1) I found the key … the cushion. 2) Her office is … those stairs. 3) A lamp hung … the table. 4) The earth goes … the sun. 5) We parked our car … the sports hall. 6) It’s easy to find – there’s a church just … my house. 7) There was a low brick wall … our garden and the field beyond. 8) We’re driving … Follyfoot Road. 9) Would you like me to help you … the road? 10) The cat ran out from … the tree. 11) James walked … without looking in my direction. 12) She stood … and walked … the window. 13) The ball went flying … the window.

GRAMMAR 2: USE OF PREPOSITIONS IN, AT, ON

NB We say 'in the corner of a room', but 'at the corner (or 'on the corner') of a street'.

We say 'in the front/in the back' of a car.

We say 'at the front/at the back' of buildings/groups of people.