Инфинитивный оборот с предлогом "for"

Оборот "for + существительное (или местоимение) + инфинитив" представляет собой единую синтаксическую группу, в которой действие, выраженное инфинитивом, производит лицо или предмет, обозначенное данным существительным или местоимением.

Оборот "for + существительное + инфинитив" выполняет функции различных членов предложения (в научно-технической литературе чаще всего функции обстоятельства цели или следствия).

На русский язык этот оборот переводится неопределенной формой глагола или придаточным предложением, подлежащим которого становится существительное или местоимение этого оборота, а сказуемым – инфинитив, при этом предлог "for" опускается.

It is necessary for the reaction to be accelerated.

Необходимо ускорить реакцию.

There must be two objects involved for a force to exist.

Необходимо наличие двух предметов для того, чтобы существовала сила.

1. Определите функцию инфинитива в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

A. 1. To conduct an electric current is to transmit electrons.

2. To conduct an electric current a source of power is needed.

3. To prove that lightning is atmospheric electricity Franklin carried on his famous kite experiment.

4. To prove that lightning is atmospheric electricity required systematic observations and experiments.

5. To explain why the formulas given here are correct would require much time.

6. To explain why the temperatures of the observed bodies are quite different one should refer to the law of thermodynamics.

B. 1. In order to make rubber more elastic it is necessary to mix it with sulphur.

2. In order to characterize the position of an arbitrary point P coordinates are used.

3. In order to do mechanical work two conditions are necessary, namely, there must be a force and it must act through a distance.

4. In order to measure temperature it is necessary to choose some kind of temperature scale.

5. In order to prove anу statement it is necessary to make experiments and observations.

6. Titanium is too active to be found free in nature.

7. Any absorption in this region is too weak to be observed.

8. The waves are too short to affect the eye.

9. This method is not accurate enough to give reliable results.

С. 1. The question to be answered requires some time.

2. A voltmeter is an instrument to be used for measuring the potential difference between any two points in a circuit.

3. The useful work to be done by a machine is less than the total work to be performed by it.

4. Cast iron is a general term to be applied to iron-carbon alloys containing more than 2.14% of carbon.

5. When the currents to be detected and measured are very small one should use a galvanometer.

6. When a gas is heated at constant volume, no work is done by the gas. The specific heat to be obtained by this method of heating is known as the specific heat at constant volume.

7. Robert Hook was the first to demonstrate the simplicity of the basic law of elasticity.

8. The first person who was the first to make motor transport really popular was Henry Ford, an American manufacturer…

9. Russian scientist Petroff was the first to prove that metals can be charged by friction.

10. Daniel Bernouilli was the first to discover and formulate in 1738 the law explaining gas pressure on the wall of a container as a result of the collision of separate molecules.