Text 12. The company structure The Company Organization

Company is an association of persons officially formed for the pur­pose of some business. Most companies are made up of three groups of people: the shareholders (who provide the capital), the management and the workforce. It is often headed by the board of directors. The board headed by the chairman usually consists of individuals elected by the shareholders to manage the business. The directors are active in the day-to-day operation as well as company policy and broad general direction. The management structure of a typical company is shown in this organisation chart.

Board of Directors
Managing Directors
Finance Director	Marketing Manager			Production Manager	Personnel Manager	Purchasing Manager	Planning Manager
Accounts Manager	Sales Manager	Public Relations Manager	Advertising Manager	Training Manager

Pay attention to the fact that American job titles differ from British ones. These are rough equivalents:

British	American
Chairman	President
Managing Director	Chief Executive Officer
Director	Vice President
Accountant	Financial Controller
Manager	Director

Companies belong to various areas of business, such as: engineering, microelectronics, chemicals, vehicle manufacturing, aerospace, shipping, transport, retailing, catering, insurance, banking, etc.

EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Answer the following questions:

1. How is the company defined?

2. What body is usually at the head of the company?

3. Who elects it?

4. Is the Board of Directors responsible only for day-to-day operation of the company?

5. How many directors and managers compose the Board of Direc­tors according to the diagram?

6. To whom does the Advertising Manager report?

Exercise 2. Match the English words and word combinations with their Russian equiva­lents.

chairman managing director marketing manager production manager works manager purchasing manager sales manager chief accountant advertising manager training manager board of directors board chairman shareholder to purchase engineering vehicle space shipping catering insurance

A. правление компании B. председатель C. менеджер по рекламе D. менеджер по маркетингу E. начальник производства F. менеджер по работам G. менеджер по закупкам H. менеджер по продажам I. главный бухгалтер J. менеджер по подготовке кадров K. управляющий по административно-хозяйственной работе L. страхование M. машиностроение, техника N. покупать O. акционер P. космос Q. председатель S. средство перевозки (автомобиль, вагон и т.п.) T. правление, совет U. грузовые перевозки V. сфера общественного питания

Exercise 3. Match the words with their corresponding definitions.

an innovation a patent diversification a range headquarters a location a strategy a policy (line 36)

a. a planned series of actions b. main offices c. a place or address d. the introduction of a new idea e. a selection or series f. making different types of products g an agreed course of action h. the right to make or sell an invention

Exercise 4.

A. Match the prepositions with the verbs below.

from in (x3) to (x4) for of on (x2)

apply … somebody … something	refer
benefit	succeed
approve	belong
result	depend
believe	report … somebody … something

B. Complete the sentences using verbs and prepositions from exercise 1 in the correct form.

1. In the purchasing department there is a manager, and five employees who ……her.

2. In this company, we firmly …… the value of creativity and Innovation.

3. The development of computer technology has …… enormous changes in the way that people work.

4. Whether or not we succeed in creating and selling new products , …… a number of factors.

5. Most of our staff ……. at least one of the company's sports or leisure clubs.

6. The Personal Manager thinks that we would all …… further training in how to use the office software.

C. Write three more sentences, using the verb and Preposition combinations above.

Exercise 5.

The following verbs can be used to describe upward and downward movements in price, quantity and amount.

Intransitive verbs			Transitive verbs
(verbs which do not have an object)			(verbs which have an object)
increase		fall	increase	raise	drop
decrease	rise	decline	decrease	reduce
go down	go up	drop

Complete these sentences using a noun or verb from the boxes above. Use each word only once.

1. There are several competing companies entering the market and this has caused a 20% …… in prices.

2. Last year was a good year for the company and our sales …… considerably.

3. The price of coffee has …… as a result of the bad weather conditions.

4. As a result of the recession, we have had to …… the amount of money we spend on research and development.

5. The …… in profits is the result of poor management.

6. The recent …… in overseas investment has been good for the economy.

7. Economists predict that interest rates will …… if consumer spending continues to slow down.

8. Because of high profits last year, the company has announced a salary …… for all its employees.

9. The population of the world is …….

10. The prices of electronic goods …….

Exercise 6. Complete the passage opposite about Mr Pat Guerin, Industrial Relations Manager of Guinness Ireland. Use these expressions.

a This job involved ...

b I reported directly to ...

с I was employed as ...

d I worked ...

e The next position I held was ...

f I was then promoted to ...

g In this role ...

h I've worked ...

When I first started working in Guinness ¹ I was employed as a general worker. For three years ² …… in the bottling plant as a machine operator, ³ …… or a period of seven years in the engineering department as a maintenance assistant. This involved working with technically skilled personnel in maintaining plant and equipment. In both jobs ⁴ …… a supervisor. Since then, however, the structure of the company has significantly changed and the supervisor layer no longer exists. General workers now report to a plant manager. ⁵ …… the position of laboratory officer in the quality assurance laboratory. ⁶ …… carrying out a wide range of analyses on all aspects of the brewing process. For the past year ⁷ …… in the personnel department as an Industrial Relations Manager. ⁸ …… I report directly to the Personnel Manager of the company.