- •Язык профессионального общения:
- •Starter activity
- •Reading one
- •Moral Re-armament: History and Challenges
- •1. Give definitions of the following words and word-combinations, make use of a dictionary. Reproduce the situations they are used in the text.
- •Reading two Britain’s Moral Crisis
- •Starter activity
- •Reading one What Makes People Volunteer
- •Speech activities
- •Reading two
- •Nurse Nicky Nears Her Peak of Fitness
- •Reading one Who Uses Drugs and Why?
- •2. Check and compare your answers with your partner. Language Focus
- •Reading two
- •Europe: Drugs – Adapting To New Realities
- •Reading three
- •They're toking up for algebra class. Teenagers need incentives to keep it clean
- •Reading four
- •Partnering Against Trafficking
- •Discussion
- •Imagine you are the head of a Charity Fund. Write a report about the charity activities your fund is performing. Functional vocabulary
- •Phrases related to the topic
- •Speech Functions Bank
- •I. Interrupting People
- •Reading One Status of Women
- •Status of women and girls around the world: facts and figures (provided by the Global Fund for Women)
- •Violence
- •Insert prepositions or particles where necessary.
- •Reading two Schoolbooks and the female stereotype
- •Reading One The Qualities to Look for in a Wife
- •Reading two What’s wrong with marrying for Love
- •Reading three
- •I’m your Equal, Partner!
- •Is your relationship out of balance? Scared to stick up for yourself? It's time for a change
- •Imagine you are having a row with your male partner/husband. Work in pairs and try to make it up with the help of the Five r’s.
- •Reading One Careers and Marriage
- •1. Explain the meaning of the word combinations used in the text:
- •3. What practical tips for having a stable and fruitful marriage were given in the text? Discuss them in pairs. Reading two They'll Never Go Home Again
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •Reading three The Frustrated Housewife
- •Insert a preposition or a particle where necessary.
- •Interview several working and staying-at-home mothers about their attitude to the problems raised in the text. Present the findings of your questionnaires in class and analyse the results together.
- •Role-play. Discuss the problem.
- •General Discussion
- •Phrases related to the topic
- •I. Asking for and Giving Opinions
- •2. Use appropriate language from the boxes above to ask for and give opinions in the following situations.
- •2. Explaining and Justifying
- •1. Make the following into statements explaining and justifying using the language from the box above.
- •2. Use appropriate language from the box above to make statements explaining and justifying in the following situations.
- •1. Asking for Clarification
- •2. Giving Clarification
- •1. Make the following into questions and statements asking for and giving clarification.
- •2. Ask for and give clarification in the following situations.
- •1. Make the following into statements of agreement and disagreement using the language in the boxes above.
- •Reading one Censorship Debate
- •Insert particles or prepositions where necessary. Translate the sentences into Russian/Belarusian.
- •Reading two bbc Chiefs Order Tough Curb on tv Sex and Violence
- •Reading three
- •Is Film Censorship Necessary?
- •Insert particles or prepositions where necessary. Translate the sentences into Russian/Belarusian.
- •Reading four Censorship – What and by Whom?
- •Insert particles or prepositions where necessary. Translate the sentences into Russian/Belarusian.
- •Reading two
- •Public Concerns
- •Did he follow this pattern? ________
- •Reading three Paying the Price for News
- •Functional vocabulary
- •Phrases related to the topic
- •The power of the media Speech Functions Bank
- •I. Expressing Preferences
- •II. Talking about likes and Interests.
- •Starter activity
- •Reading one Ten Ways to find the best schools
- •Bruce Kemble. News Week. 2002 Language focus
- •A Whitehall checklist;
- •Speech activities
- •Reading two Slimmed-down School Curriculum Aims to Free Quarter of Timetable for Pupils Aged 11 to 14
- •Reading three High-Stakes Games
- •Reading four
- •5 Times More Florida Kids to Repeat Third Grade State's New Policy Links Promotion to Reading Test Scores
- •Reading one Why Parents Choose to Opt out of State System
- •In the following sentences use the right particle with the verb to put:
- •Reading two
- •Reading three The City – as- School
- •Imagine that a friend of yours is considering sending his/her child to a non-government school (institute) you are working in. Write a letter either encouraging or discouraging him/her.
- •Reading one Survey Results Detail What Top Entry Level Employers Want Most
- •Reading two Employers Still Prefer Traditional Degrees Over Online Learning, Study Finds
- •Insert prepositions or particles where necessary.
- •In groups of 3 or 4 prepare and stage a debate on the prospects of online learning. For more ideas read the supplementary texts and visit the relevant web sites.
- •Reading three Two in Three Trainee Teachers who Qualify 'Are not up to the Job'
- •Functional vocabulary
- •Phrases related to the topic
- •Speech Functions Bank
- •1. Asking for More Detailed Information
- •1. Make the following into questions or statements asking for more detailed information using the language in the box above.
- •2. Use appropriate language from the box above to ask for more detailed information in the following situations.
- •2. Making Comparisons
- •1. Make the following into statements of comparison using the language in the box above.
- •2. Use appropriate language from the box above to make statements of comparison about the following.
- •3. Making generalisations
- •2. Use appropriate language from the box above to make generalisations about the following.
Starter activity
How much do you know about charity? Have you ever participated in any charity work? Tell us about it. Is voluntary work a positive feature of any society? How is it related to moral re-armament?
1. Read the following citations about charity and comment on their meanings.
Charity is never lost: it may meet with ingratitude, yet it ever does a work of beauty and grace upon the heart of the giver (Conyers Middleron).
Goodness consists not in the outward thing we do, but in the inward thing we are. To be is the great thing (E.H.Chapin).
How seldom we weigh our neighbour in the same balance with ourselves (Thomas Kempis).
Nothing will make us so charitable and tender to the faults of others as by self-examination thoroughly to know our own (Fenelon).
He has the right to critisize who has heart to help (Abraham Lincoln).
Reading one What Makes People Volunteer
Voluntary work, the things we put our heart into without asking for reward, is a priceless asset to any country. Most voluntary work is fitted into people’s spare time. But sometimes a grave need in national and global affairs calls for unusual steps and people abandon paid work to make new perspectives possible. Religious bodies through the ages have been upheld by such risk-taking people with a sense of vocation. And the current programmes of Moral Re-armament are sustained by a partnership between people in a wide variety of jobs and others who make themselves wholly available. Moral Re-armament seeks to liberate the initiative, creativity and depth of relationships that could make the world work. It takes all one’s skills, stretches one’s abilities and show up one’s mistakes, sometimes painfully, sometimes hilariously. Yet it is satisfying to try to alter the fundamental motives of society.
Deep changes of attitude can never be prescribed. Nor can a fee be charged.
Voluntary activities range from rattling collection boxes in the streets to sitting as a Justice of the Peace, from improving wildlife habitat to manning telephone helplines for children or parents. Besides tens of thousands have found in voluntary work new perspectives on an extraordinary range of issues, from the healing of relationships between colonialized peoples and their former masters to the future of Eastern Europe or values for industrial and artistic life.
So what makes people volunteer?
Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) publicly quotes one crew member: “One day you’ll be battling with fog for 22 hours, looking for survivors. Just as you're frozen stiff and giving up hope, you spot them. Just the look on their faces when they realize they're not going to die. That's enough.”
For Jakarea Islam, 23, from Luton, it was the desire to “put something into the place where I was living” that led him to get involved with the Bangladesh Youth League (BYL). He became a full-time volunteer seven years ago, while he was still living at home. Now he has part-time employment. He has helped run a number of youth clubs around Luton; organized seminars on racial harassment, community relations and drugs; advised adults on issues such as housing and employment; and helped young people prepare CVs and application forms and advised them on interview techniques. In 1995 he was the youth winner of the Whitebread Volunteer Action Award.
Islam explains that the BYL was set up around 1979 because of the problems, faced by young people. Today, 90 per cent of League members are of Asian origin. “When I was 14 or 15 facilities were not available”, he recalls. He wants to create a good environment for teenagers in the most deprived area of the town. He enthuses about the Centre for Youth and Community Development which they are “creating on a half-acre site and their flag ship project”, a four-week summer school held every August. “The unique thing is that the young people who participate organize it the following year.” They spend the intervening 11 months raising the necessary funds.
“We ask schools if we can use their premises as well as our own centre so that we can occupy young people's time,' Islam adds. Otherwise you get boredom and antisocial activities, and 'it will lead to people saying, that's a bad area”.
Chris Baddock visits housebound people under the Haling Link Scheme in west London in order to give the main carer a break. Seeing that his mother's last years were not as good as they could have been opened his eyes to the need, he says. So when he happened to notice Ealing Volunteer Bureau he offered his help. He visits three couples most weeks, for two or three hours at a time. Echoing the feelings of many volunteers, Baddock says he gets a great deal out of volunteering: “It's nice to know you're bringing a little bit of happiness into someone's life and putting something back into the community.”
Joan Caden worked in the City of London as chief accountant of a merchant bank. Now she chairs the executive committee of David Gresham House, a residential Abbeyfield extra care home for elderly people in Surrey. It started when someone she had met on a commuter train invited her to a cocktail party where she was asked to serve coffee at the Abbeyfield home once a week. Later she took on the management of 30 paid staff and became more and more involved.
“I'd been a busy soul”, says Caden, “and there was no way I could see I’d be happy just looking after my home, playing golf and going to coffee mornings. As an accountant you don’t see any result from your work, except a balance sheet. You get pleasure out of feeling that you are making life more pleasant for people, particularly the elderly.” She feels that it pays to know what you’re good at. Her forte is administration. Felicity Dick's Catholic faith has been one of the motives behind her increasing involvement with voluntary work. She is Chairman of the Gatwick Detainees Welfare Group, who visit asylum-seekers held in detention while the government decides whether or not to admit them to the UK as refugees. She also does bereavement counselling. Voluntary work takes up most of her time apart from the odd half-day's tennis or bridge.
“Itwas all terribly unplanned,” she says. Having spent ten years building up a career as a freelance business consultant, “I just took on too much.” She gradually dropped the paid work, no longer needing to earn. “Women of my age have spent years bringing up their children and suddenly you're not needed. Then you discover that there are 150 detainees the same age as your children who are lost, lonely, confused. I suppose it's a continuing of that mother role.”
Felicity Dick enjoys working with like-minded people, and finds it “amazingly interesting” to learn about the detainees' countries. But the work can be harrowing too. If you've befriended someone and seen them every week for a year, it's incredibly distressing when that person is suddenly deported.”
There is no doubting the commitment of many volunteers, nor the value of much of their work. Yet goodwill alone is not enough to ensure the smooth running of a group. “I find voluntary work as stressful as paid work,” says Felicity Dick. One factor is that it is ill-defined. When you do paid work you are appraised. Someone says, “You need to go on a course,” or, “Well done”. The great danger is to think, “I'm only a volunteer, I'm not paid to do this so I cannot be expected to do it well. That is not so. You’ve got to perform as well as you can.” Relying on volunteers can have its problems, she points out. Occasionally a visitor will fail to meet their commitments, saying they are too busy. You are not in a position to threaten them with dismissal. All you can do is to be careful who you select in the first place.
At the grassroots there is some disquiet about the changing culture of voluntary work. Jackie Goodwin, who organizes the scheme for visiting the housebound, says that the smaller voluntary organizations are “close to the ground, .know the real needs and often come up with innovative ideas on how to meet them”. Working for local authorities along lines they prescribe, could make the voluntary organizations lose what made them special in the first place.
Kenneth Noble. For a Change. 1998.
Language Focus
Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases. Translate them into Russian/Belarusian:
charity work, part-time/full-time employment, to enthuse about sth, housebound people, to give the main career a break, to open one’s eyes to the need, commuter train, to do bereavement counseling, like-minded people, freelance, at the grassroots.
Both the options make sense. Underline the one which forms a common collocation. Consult a dictionary.
Sometimes a grave/bad need in national and global affairs calls for unusual steps.
Religious bodies through the ages have been upheld/supported by risk-taking people.
Volunteers often drop/abandon paid work to make new perspectives possible.
Programs of Moral Re-armament are sustained by a partnership among people from a wide variety of jobs from all walk of life.
Fill in the blanks with the right word or phrase from the functional vocabulary.
Chris Baddock visited housebound people to give … a break.
Voluntary work is a …to any country because we put our heart into it without asking for a reward.
Most people enjoy working with …people and find it amazingly easy and interesting.
Nowadays a lot of … are held in detention while the government decides whether or not to admit them to the UK as ……