Apimondia 2015 Abstract book (South Korea)

Hyeri Jang, Sangmi Han, Segun Kim, Inphyo Hong, Soonok Woo

National Academy of Agricultural Science, Republic of Korea

Propolis extracts from Korea and Brazil were investigated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against skin pathogen. For this, we used 80% ethanol extracts of propolis from Korea (KPEE) and Brazil (BPEE). Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the strains tested was determined using the method of broth dilution with the KPEE and BPEE in serial concentration, respectively. The antibacterial activity of KPEE showed MIC of 0.25 g/ml for Bacillus subtilise and Escherichia coli ; 0.5 g/ ml for Staphylococcus aureus; 1.0 g/ml for Propionibacterium acnes. However, the MIC of BPEE for B. subtilise, S. aureus, P. acnes, and E.coli was 1.0, 0.5, 4.0, and 0.5 g/ml. The antifungal activity of KPEE using agar diffusion test was 24.34 ± 0.5, 19.19 ± 1.0 and 26.64

± 1.0 of the inhibitory zone for Trichophyton tonsurans, T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum. The inhibitory zone of BPEE was 11.48 ± 0.3, 11.0 ± 0.5 and 13.11 ± 0.5 for T. tonsurans, T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum. All tested skin pathogens were more susceptible to the KPEE than BPEE. It seems that the Korean propolis has antimicrobial activity more than Brazilian propolis.

ATP-031

Angiogenesis suppression of korean propolis by inhibiting tubeformation and inducing apoptosis of endothelial cells

Da Hye Jeong, Mok-Ryeon Ahn

Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Republic of Korea

Propolis, a folk medicine employed in treating various ailments, is a resinous substance collected by honeybees from the bud and bark of certain trees and plants, and stored inside their hives. We have reported that the ethanol extracts of Korean propolis (EEKP ) possesses antiangiogenic activity both in vitro and in vivo. However, the mechanism of angiogenesis inhibition by Korean propolis has not been well-clarified. In this study, we investigated the effects of EEKP on tube-forming human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We found that inhibition of tube formation by EEKP was accompanied by partial fragmentation of endothelial cells, indicating that it induced cell death. Western blotting revealed that EEKP induced the reduction of vascular endothelial cadherin and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1. EEKP also induced chromatin condensation and cell nuclear fragmentation, morphological markers of apoptosis, in tube-forming HUVECs. Furthermore, EEKP suppressed phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, but upregulated phosphorylation of p38. It was also shown that EEKP induced apoptosis via activation of proapototic signaling, activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase and lamin A/C. In conclusion, EEKP exerts its antiangiogenic effects through induction of endothelial apoptosis.

ATP-032

Antiangiogenic activity of various components identified from korean propolis

Hyun Ju Kim, Mok-Ryeon Ahn

470

Dong-A University, Republic of Korea

Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees from the bud and bark of certain trees and plants, and stored inside their hives. It has been reported to possess various biological activities. We have reported that the ethanol extracts of Korean propolis possesses antiangiogenic activity both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we investigated the antiangiogenic activity of various components identified from Korean propolis: apigenin, benzyl caffeate, caffeic acid, chrysin, cinnamylidenacetic acid, p -coumaric acid, 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid, ferulic acid, galangin, kaempferol, phenethyl caffeate, pinobanksin, pinocembrin, pinostrobin, and tectochrysin. The effects of these components were tested on in vitro model of angiogenesis, the tube formation model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in a 2-D systems (3.1350 g/mL). Apigenin, benzyl caffeate, galangin, kaempferol, and phenethyl caffeate possessed strong inhibitory effects on tube formation. In contrast, cinnamylidenacetic acid, 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid, ferulic acid, and tectochrysin had very little to no inhibitory activities. From these results, we propose that components from Korean propolis such as apigenin, benzyl caffeate, galangin, kaempferol, and phenethyl caffeate might represent a new class of dietary-derived antiangiogenic compounds. These propolis components may have the potential to be developed into pharmaceutical drugs for the treatment of angiogenesis-dependent human diseases such as tumors.

ATP-033

The role of propolis as a natural product in conservative dentistry and endodontic treatment

Ardo Sabir

Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University

Propolis, or bee glue, is a natural wax-like resinous produced by honey bee from substances collected from parts of plants, buds, and exudates. Chemically, it contains waxes, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, phenol acids, amino acids, aromatic aldehydes, and a large number of flavonoids. Propolis well known has antibacterial, anti fungal, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulator, and anti oxidant properties. Nowadays, propolis was found in many health stores in different forms like c a p s u l e s , mouthwash solution, creams, toothpaste, and powder. Propolis has been used clinically by dentist to treat various oral diseases such as to support aid for the healing of postextraction wounds, as an antimicrobial agent in the treatment of dental caries and pulpal infections, as a storage media following teeth avulsion, as a mouth rinse, and to promote dentinal bridge formation in direct pulpcapping treatment. This article is an attempt to review various applications of propolis in Conservative Dentistry and Endodontic treatment to stimulate the interest of clinicians to make further research about this natural compound.

ATP-034

The effect of propolis on cytokines during dental pulp inflammation

: A review

Ardo Sabir

471

Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia

Propolis has been used empirically for centuries because of its several biological and pharmacological properties. It was always mentioned as an anti-inflammatory agent. When dental pulp has inflammation, several mediators will be produced by innate immune cells. Cytokines are proteins released from cells in inflammatory process.In recent years, in vitro and in vivo assays provided information concerning about propolis and cytokines, thus a review dealing with the effect of propolis on cytokines during dental pulp inflammation became imperative. This review complies data from our study as well as from other researchers, focusing on its chemical composition on inflammatory process. Its anti-inflammatory property, considering its effect on interleukin, tumour necrosis factor, transforming growth factor as well as other cytokines during dental pulp inflammation are discussed.In vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that propolis could inhibit inflammation process in dental pulp. Since humans have used propolis for many inflammation diseases and propolis-containing products have been marketed, the knowledge of its properties with scientific basis is not only of academic interest but also of those who use propolis as well. This review opens a new prespective on the investigation of propolis, mainly with respect to the immune system.

ATP-035

Extraction characteristics of propolis by ethanol

Soon Ok Woo, In Pyo Hong, Sang Mi Han

National Academy of Agriculture and Science, Republic of Korea

Propolis is a sticky material made from plant growth point protection secretion and resin which are collected by bees, then mixed with bee saliva enzyme, it is used to keep bee colony safe by applying inside of bee hive, and it is consisted of about 50% of resin and aromatic, 25% of beeswax, 10% of essential oil, pollen and mineral.

In this study, it was necessary to extract the active ingredient in crude to use of propolis, since the use of a health food and extracted with ethanol. We reported a summary of the main results of the extraction of propolis by ethanol. Propolis extract yield and total flavonoid content tends to increase the higher the ethanol concentration. Total phenolic content exhibited the highest value in the 50-60% EtOH, the EtOH concentration showed a tendency to decrease further enhanced.

ATP-036

The extraction yield and DPPH free radical scavenging effects of liquor ratio from Korean propolis

Soon Ok Woo, In Pyo Hong, Sang Mi Han

National Academy of Agriculture and Science, Republic of Korea

Propolis is a sticky material made from bee collected growth point protection materials or resin of plants mixed with bee saliva enzyme. It is used to keep bee colony safety by applying inside of bee hive with various color including dark brown and yellowish brown. Propolis is extracted with ethanol, so as to take advantage of edible material, this experiment was carried out in order to investigate the relationship between liquor ratio and extraction yield and antioxidant effects. Although differences in the extraction yield according to the collected area, when one solution ratio 1:10 showed the highest extraction yield. The results confirm the DPPH free radical scavenge ratio (%) as antioxidant effects, the greater the amount of extraction solution showed higher antioxidant

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ATP-037

Antibiotic resistnce

Hossein Yeganehrad1, Maryam Moarefi2, Sajad Jazani-Dorche1

1 Caspian Apiaries

2 Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

Antibiotic Resistance occurs when antibiotic treatment is no longer effective at limiting and/or killing the growth of bacteria. This can occur either through previous exposure to a similar antibiotic treatment or through contact with another organism that is already resistant to the bacteria (transfer of resistance). Resistance may also occur naturally through genetic mutation or innate ability.

Bacteria can resist the effects of antibiotics by

•Neutralizing the antibiotic before it can cause harm

•Modifying the antibiotic attack site so it will not affect the function of the bacteria

•Removal of antibiotics from the cell

•Preventing the antibiotic from entering the cell

Once bacteria become resistant, the infections they cause may not be cured or controlled by antibiotic treatment. Ultimately, antibiotic resistance may lead to disability or even death over time. With the presence of many pathogens and contaminants in hospitals, patients have become more susceptible to the superbug. This presentation will examine the effects bee products have on patients suffering with the superbug. Farvardin Referral Laboratory Complex has played a major role in the research and development of new methods of treatment involving a combination of bee products. Cultures of the following resistant microbes have been analyzed and tested by Merhan Mohamadi, a microbiologist at Caspian Apiaries, and Dr. Mehrdad Vanaki and his team at Farvardin Referral Laboratory Complex. Coli

o Streptococcus pyogenes o Streptococcus agalactiae o Acinetobacter baumannii o Pseudomonas

ATP-038

New quinolinone alkaloids from chestnut (Castanea crenata Sieb) honey

Hye-Kyung Kim2, Jeong-Yong Cho1, Myeong-Lyeol Lee2, Yong-Soo Choi2,

Byung-Rae Jin3, Hyoung Jae Lee1, Jae-Hak Moon1

1 Chonnam National University

2 Rural development administration

3 Dong-A University, Republic of Korea

Two new quinolinone alkaloids and 13 known compounds were isolated from chestnut (Castanea crenata Sieb) honey. Two new compounds were determined to be 3-dihydro-spiro[2(1H),3(1H)-diquinoline]-3,4,4-trione (spirodiquinolinone) and 3-(2-piperidine)-kynurenic acid. In addition, 2,3-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinazolin-5(1H)- one was identified for the first time from nature. In addition, 2,3-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinazolin-5(1H)-one was newly identified from chestnut honey, although this compound has been synthesized before. The structures were determined by the NMR and electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESIMS). Three compounds were qualified and quantitated in chestnut honey by selective multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) detection of LCESIMS using the isolated compounds as external standards.

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ATP-039

Phenolic profile, antioxidant and antinociceptive activities of stingless bee honey from Argentine

Emilio Figini2, Virginia Salomon1, Gerardo Gennari1, Luis Maldonado1, Nancy Vera3

1 Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). EEA Famaillá, 4132, Famaillá, Tucumán. Argenti na.

2 INTA PROAPI. Fac. de Cs. Veterinarias (UNCPBA) -Tandil-Argentina

3 Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT). Ayacucho 471, 4000, Tucumán. INTA PROAPI. veranr@gmail.com

The honey of stingless bees in Argentina is popularly used as food and for the treatment of various human diseases. There is growing interest in this product, yet there is little information about the characteristics that give these properties. Currently it is not included in the Argentine Food Code. In this study honey samples produced by Scaptotrigona jujuyensis and Tetragonisca fiebrigi, collected in Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá of INTA, Tucumán, Argentina were evaluated. The phenolic profiles were determined by HPLCDAD and the total phenolic content in both stingless bee honey by spectrophotometric method. The antioxidant power of the honeys has been determined in-vitro by using ABTS radical reaction system. Analgesic activity was estimated in-vivo against acetic acid induced writhing, tail immersion method, formalin test. The results obtained with the formalin test showed that honey of S. jujuyensis (1000 mg/kg) has an activity of 42%, lower to morphine (1 mg/kg) 66.22%, in nociceptive phase. During the inflammatory phase, both honeys presented analgesic effects. At central level, by the test of induction of pain by heat, observed that the honeys evaluated show the greatest antinociceptive activity at 90 min. The honeys analized at 1000 mg/kg inhibited pain between 49-51%, lower than morphine (90%) and ibuprofen (95%), in the test of induction of pain by acetic acid. All honey presented antioxidant activity. Coumaric, ferulic and ellagic acid, quercetin and kaempferol were determined. The study provides fundamental information to establish standards that promote the regulation, encourage the consumption and exploitation of stingless bee honey.

ATP-040

Chromatographic analysis of five different honeys collected from Korea

Segun Kim1, Inpyo Hong1, Soonok Woo1, Hyeri Jang1, Sangmi Han1

1 National Academy of Agricultural Science

This study was taken to evaluate chromatographic patterns and chemical characteristics of acacia, chestnut, linden, citrus and styrax honey collected from Korea. Chromatographic analysis was performed using reversephase UPLC with the mobile phase of

0.1% H3PO4 and MeCN and 12 min run time. Constituents in the honey samples were detected at 210, 250, 300 and 350 nm. Altogether, 9 common peaks were detected among the chromatograms of the honey samples at 210nm. Peak 5 especially showed the highest UV absorption. Also, peaks detected in 4.63 and 4.83 min at 300 nm were major constituents in linden and chestnut honey, respectively. The characteristic peak in styrax honey was detected in 0.67 min at 350 nm. The chromatographic analysis showed similarity and specificity among the different honeys and can be useful for distinguishing honeys on the basis of their floral sources.

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ATP-041

N chromosome royal jelly, bee pollen, and honey as alternative treatment for autoimmune disease

Hossein Yeganehrad2, Maryam Moarefi1, Hamzeh Ramezani Karim3

1 Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

2 Caspian Apiaries

3 University of British Columbia

Autoimmune disorders occur when a person’s immune system is unable to distinguish the difference between foreign cells and healthy body cells. As a result, the immune system attacks healthy body cells, which may cause abnormal organ growth and changes in organ function. Autoimmune disease can affect one or many different types of body tissue, which can have a debilitating effect on the health of many organs in the body. Diagnosis of this disease is quite challenging because it is possible to have more than one at any given time. It isn’t uncommon to find similar symptoms amongst the many different types of Autoimmune Disorders. These symptoms usually fluctuate between periods of remission (little/no symptoms) and flare-ups (worsening symptoms), which inhibits effective treatment. Currently, there are no official cures for autoimmune diseases, so treatment focuses on minimizing the symptoms a patient may encounter.

This presentation will examine the use of N chromosome royal jelly, bee pollen, and honey as alternative treatment for Autoimmune disorders such as asthma, arthritis, eczema, rheumatism, diabetes, and fatty liver.

The following results indicate the percentage of patients who were able to recover completely after 7 – 30 days of treatment:

Eczema -100% Fatty Liver – 84%

Diabetes – over 90% Rheumatism - 95 %

ATP-042

Bee venom therapy in Sinusitis – clinical experience

Cristina Pavel

Romanian Apitherapy Society

The paper presents six cases of acute or chronic sinusitis treated with small doses of bee venom injected directly into sinusal points or painful points from face area. The patients needed only few sessions of bee venom because immediately after the treatment, they started to breathe almost normally (nose was previously obstructed). The only exception was a lady with chronic sinusitis who had surgery previously for cleaning sinuses and she was having severe headache. She needed several months bee venom treatment, associated with leech therapy, and clinical results were very good.

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ATP-043

New case report of multiple sclerosis treated successfully with api-phytotherapy

Cristina Pavel

Romanian Apitherapy Society

The paper presents the case of a 43 years old lady, diagnosed with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ten years before first consultation. At the beginning she had fine urinary and sensitivity problems, but nine years later, after surgery for uterine fibroids, she was not able anymore to stand and to feel any sensation of urination. At the first consultation she was in the wheelchair, using urinary probe all the time, because she didn’t have any sensation of urination. She had also dyslipidemia and had treatment previously with Glatiramer acetat. She started to take mixture of herbs and bee products and later injectable solution of bee venom (3 times per week). After two months from the beginning of bee venom therapy, she started to feel sensation of urination and muscular force in the legs increased. Five months later, she didn’t need urinary probe, urination was normal and she was able to lift her legs and stand for a while. She is now very happy continuing the treatment with herbs and all bee products, mainly bee venom, to recover completely.

ATP-044

Bee products against liver diseases. review and clinical cases

Stefan Stangaciu

Romanian Apitherapy Society

There are hundreds of substances, physical factors and emotional factors that can disturb the normal functioning of the liver and thus, indirectly, of the whole organism. The bee products, having thousands of different useful nutrients and pharmacologically active compounds, can counteract most of the above mentioned factors, when used properly, respecting the golden rule of Natural/Integrative Medicine: „Treat the patient as a whole and not just the localized symptoms/diseases”. We made a review of the relevant articles that makes the connection between the bee products and their substances and the functioning of the liver. Besides the review, to prove in practice our treatment concepts based on integrative medicine, we have treated with bee products and medicinal bee plants over 30 patients with liver diseases. In the presentation it will be shown also a comparative table between the advantages and disadvantages of both classical (allopathic medicine) and the natural/integrative medicine/apitherapy.

ATP-045

Nanoemulsion formulation of anti oral biofilm based propolis and curcumin extract

Muhamad Sahlan, Anissa Permatadietha A, Risqa Rina D

476

Universitas Indonesia

Propolis and curcumin have been reported to have antibacterial activity. Both of those herbs can be developed as anti oral biofilm mouthwash. In order to deliver the biological activity, mouthwash is produced as nanoemulsion that promotes wide distribution throughout oral biofilm and effectively penetrates to target cell. This study aims to create the best mouthwash formulation with great physical characteristics and stability, and also proved as antibiofilm agent. Each propolis A.mellifera and curcumin Curcuma domestica Val. was formulated into a mouthwash using the combined method of homogenization, mixing and ultrasonication. There was a variation amount of tween 80 and glycerin in each formulation to investigate its effect on stability. The proven formula with greatest stability was continued to undergo antibiofilm assay. Result of this study showed that formula with ratio of tween 80 and glycerin 2:1 (v/v) was found to be the best. Tween 80 and glycerin was investigated can’t work as a single surfactant to produce stable nanoemulsion. Propolis and curcumin mouthwash showed in vitro antibiofilm activities against Streptococcus mutans, the primer colony in biofilm. Propolis mouthwash reported has a better effectiveness with the MIC of biofilm formation was 5% v/v and % inhibition of 48,54%, respectively.

ATP-046

Collagen type I density on dental pulp inflammation of sprague-dawley rats following the application of Trigona sp propolis from south sulawesi province, Indonesia

Ardo Sabir1, Latief Mooduto2, Cahyono Kaelan3, Sherly Horax1

The aim was to analyse the collagen type I density as the result of Trigona sp propolis application in the dental pulp inflammation of Sprague-Dawley rats.

Propolis was obtained from Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Flavonoid and non-flavonoid extracts were purified from propolis using the thin layer chromatography. Eighty male Sprague Dawley rats were used in this research. The rats were divided randomly and equally into 5 groups. At Group I (negative control) was not conducted any treatment. Group II, III, IV and V. A Class I cavity (Black Classification) were prepared on the occlusal surface of right maxillary first molar. The dental pulp was perforated using dental explorer and allowed to open in the oral cavity for 60 minutes, after that the ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) (Group II), the extract of flavonoid-propolis (EFP) (Group III), the extract of non-flavonoid propolis (ENFP) (Group IV), or Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) (Group V) were applied. All cavities were then filled with Glass Ionomer Cement. The rats being sacrificed in 6 hours, 2 days, 4 days and 7 days. Sample biopsy were obtained, staining using Mallory method and observation under light microscope. Data was analysed statistically with significance level of p<0.05.

The result show that there is no significant difference of the collagen fibers density among 4 time periods of each group and among 5 groups of each time period. Although, numerically, there is the slight increase of the collagen fibers density along with the increase of the observation time period duration.

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Beekeeping for Rural Development

BRP-001

Beekeeping for rural development

Hana Tadesse

Ethiopian Meat and Dairy Industry Development Institute

Farmers use beekeeping mostly for honey production for medicinal value and for home consumption. But the method of beekeeping not modified in most rural community because of l a c k of money, basic skill for beekeeping and skilled manpower. Honey has high cash value relative to its weight and bulk properly stored it is essentially anon-perishable product. Beekeeping activity can also solves economical problem of the rural people since it doesn't require l a r g e capital and land. If government and community members are working together in the filed of rural development beekeeping has to be given due attention for great change. Bee keeping is a family business it can easily done by women, the men work directly with the bees and women are often involved in preparing the honey for market and in actual marketing. Bee keeping is an activity is that everyone can do it only needs commitment and passion. Beekeeping can solve many problems that the rural community faces like shortage of cultivated land and shortage of income for starters 2 traditional or modern hive is enough with good management system it is profitable it can be source of income in farm off seasons. Beekeeping is an activity that fits well with the concept of small-scale agricultural development. It is labor intensive under taking which can be easily integrated into larger agricultural or forestry projects. Bee not only aid in the pollination of some crops used in such projects' but they make use of other wise unused resources nectar and pollen.

BRP-002

Revolving fund as a development tool

Emilio Figini3, Pablo Chipulina1, Mauricio Mateo2

1 Programa PRODEAR. Á rea Apícola Ministerio de Producción – Chaco – PROAPI. Argentina.

2 Á rea Apícola Ministerio de Producción – Chaco – Argentina

3 INTA PROAPI. Fac. de Cs. Veterinarias (UNCPBA) -Tandil-Argentina

One of the major drawbacks for the development of apiculture in North of Argentina is the lack of resources for the purchase of supplies to the micro and small producers, which are not subject to credit for traditional banks. With the aim of covering this segment was implemented a financial services with a social approach that allows strengthening the productive and financial aspects of the beekeeping business. The Government of the province of Chaco implemented in the "BEEKEEPING PLAN" a revolving fund of supplies destined for members of beekeeping associations and cooperatives support by PRODEAR. It is currently being implemented in 15 organizations. The initial fund was u$s 155,000. The beekeepers purchase the supplies and pay them once marketed its production, at wholesale prices. Then is the replenishment of funds to the institution. In the case of inert material is financed to a period of five years, beekeeper pay one fee fixed in kilograms of honey, which is discounted at the moment of commercialize production. The funds recovered from the first three payments are used to increase the revolving fund of supplies and the latest two to new loans. Beekeepers receive technical assistance that allows them to adjust the details of PROAPI technological path way. Since 2011 with the implementation of this system the number of users increased by 20%, while the number of total hives grew 25%.

478

You are managed to reduce the mortality rates to less than 15%, and increase by 50% the number of productive hives.

BRP-004

Apicultura de presicion/ miel organica y Abejas reinas agroecologicas

Sergio Iglesias

Ecolabbee

ECOLABBEE ES LABORATORIO SUSTENTABLE DE CRIANZA INTENSIVA DE ABEJAS REINAS , SUB PRODUCTOS APICOLAS, ELABORADOR DE MIEL NATURAL ORGANICA

Nuestra Especialidad La Cria de Abejas Reinas en Eco Region de bosque nativo bajo inver nadero y Sub Productos apicolas agroecologicos.

Utilizamos Ecotipos locales de abejas melíferas. libres de consanguineidad

Sistema posicionamiento satelital y trazabilidad en todo su estadio Y asi poder acceder a toda info mediante codigo Qr.

Cuidamos al Ecosistema Natural mediante practicas amigables al ambiente. Desarrollamos una actividad sustentable.

Proveemos de material genetico de alta calidad biotipica para desarrollo de nuevas unidades productivas que benefician la produccion de aliementos mediante la polinizacion de cultivos.

Producimos alimentos saludables.

Agregamos inovacion tecnologica en ingenieria de procesos.

LA APICULTURA DE PRESICION ES UNA ALTERNATIVA VALIDA EN CONSTANTE CRECIMIENTO, ATENTO A LA PRODUCCION EN AUMENTO DE ALIMENTOS SALUDABLES.

LA DEMANDA INTERNA Y EXTERNA NO SE CUMPLIMENTA, QUEDANDO SALDOS ANUALES DE IMPORTANCIA SIN CUBRIR.

LA PRODUCCION DE NUESTRAS ABEJAS AGROECOLOGICAS, LA UTILIZACION DE PRACTICAS AMIGABLES AL AMBIENTE,ELABORACION Y PROCESOS SUSTENTABLES Y LA ASISTENCIA TECNICA A PRODUCTORES SOBRE CONSERVACION DE ECOTIPOS Y BIOTIPOS LOCALES NOS DAN UNA VENTAJA COMPETITIVA EN EL IMPACTO AMBIENTAL, CALIFICANDO EN VALOR AGREGADO NUESTRAS PRODUCCIONES.

BRP-005

Invitation to diverse learning

- what honeybees can bring to classroom –

Hidehiro Hoshiba3, Mika Watanabe1, Tomiji Kanno2, Hitomi Enomoto3, Tsutomu Osawa1

1 Faculty of Child Studies, Tokyo Kasei University, Sayama, Saitama, Japan 2 Honey Farm KANNO, Kunneppu, Toro, Hokkaido 099-1416 Japan

3 Api-Science Information Services, Tamagawa Gakuen, Machida, Tokyo, Japan

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