- •Балтийский федеральный университет им. И. Канта
- •В в е д е н и е
- •Cодержание
- •Received Pronunciation (rp)
- •Основы фонетики
- •Фонема и аллофон
- •Органы речи и их функции.
- •Классификация гласных и согласных звуков английского языка. Гласные
- •Coгласные
- •Различия английского и русского произношения
- •Транскрипция
- •Транскрипционные знаки
- •Позиционная долгота гласных
- •[Eə] – дифтонг. Ядро дифтонга [e] – краткий нелабиализованный гласный переднего ряда среднего подъема широкой разновидности. Из положения [e] речевые органы движутся к положению для артикуляции [ə].
- •Ударение
- •Словесное ударение
- •Ударение в многосложных словах
- •Фразовое ударение
- •Слабые и сильные формы
- •Семантическая функция ударения
- •Семантическая функция ударения проявляется также в словосочетаниях:
- •Слогообразование. Чтение английских гласных
- •Сводная таблица правил чтения гласных в четырех типах слога
- •Чтение гласных диграфов в ударном слоге
- •Сводная таблица правил чтения гласных диграфов
- •Чтение диграфов перед буквой r
- •Интонация
- •Rhythm practice
- •Intonation practice
- •Intonation scales
- •Tag questions
- •Practical tasks – Задания для самостоятельной работы
- •[ɪ] - [I:]
- •[E] - [æ]
- •[Ʌ] - [æ]
- •1. Practice this conversation.
- •1. The past tense of these verbs contains the sound [ɔ:].
- •2. Say these sentences.
- •[Ɔ] - [ɔ:]
- •[Əu] and [ɔ:]
- •[U] - [u:]
- •In groups, each person should choose something from the list below to give a new cook. Think of a reason for your choice. Then make conversations like one above.
- •In pairs, say which of these things you can do.
- •[Eə] and [eɪ]
- •[S] - [z]
- •2. Practice this weather forecast.
- •3. Say these pairs of words with [z].
- •[S] - [ʃ]
- •[ʧ] - [ʤ] - [ʒ]
- •Say [ʤ] (be careful not to mix the letter “j” [ʤei] with the sound [j]).
- •6 January 4 July 14 July 1 January 21 June
- •[Θ] - [s]
- •Say [d] at the end of words
- •[B] - [V] - [w]
- •[K] - [g]
- •[Θ] - [ð], [f] - [V]
- •[Ð] - [V] - [w]
- •Clusters Say clusters beginning with [s]
- •Say clusters with [f ], [θ] and [ʃ]
- •In groups, one student reads out the instructions. The others do the exercises! Say longer clusters of consonants
- •Linking of words (intrusive sounds) (стык согласного с гласным)
- •Link [p, b, t, d, k, g] to a following vowel
- •Link vowels [u:, au] to a following vowel
- •Link [f, V, ʧ, ʤ , w, s, z, θ] to a following vowel
- •Link [r] to a following vowel
- •Appendix Tongue Twisters
- •Список рекомендуемой литературы
[Θ] - [ð], [f] - [V]
For each sentence, write the word you hear.
Did you say 'thin'/'fin'?
They had problems with the thaw/four.
We thought/fought about that for a long time.
There are three/free gifts for you.
Practice this conversation.
A: Everything went wrong on Thursday.
B: What happened?
A: I woke up with toothache. I rang the dentist three times, but there was no reply. The fourth time, I got through. He gave me an appointment at three thirty. I thought it would be soothing to have a bath. But I tripped getting out of the bath. I hit my mouth on the tap, and broke three teeth.
B: Did that cure your toothache?
A: No, I had three broken teeth and toothache.
[ð]
Practice this conversation.
A: Did you have good weather on holiday?
B: The weather was OK, but everything else was awful.
A: What was the matter?
B: My younger brother was ill. My mother stayed in all the time, to look after him. My father wouldn't leave my mother. So neither my mother nor my father went out at all. I went out with my elder brother, but we got tired of being together all the time?
A: Is your younger brother all right now?
B: Yes, my brother is all right, but my mother is very tired.
Repeat the questions and answers below. Notice Bs voice falls and rises in the part of the sentence. He is partly saying 'Yes', but is going to continue, 'but…..'
A: Did you have good weather on holiday?
B: The weather was OK, but everything else was awful.
A: Is your younger brother all right now?
B: Yes, my brother is all right, but my mother is very tired.
With a partner, take the part of B. Answer these questions.
A: Was you brother ill?
A: Did you all look after your brother?
A: Did your father and brother stay with your mother?
[Ð] - [V] - [w]
Practice this conversation.
A: Which vase would you like?
B: That one over there, please.
A: This one?
B: No, that very small one, over there in the corner.
Make similar conversation using the phrases below.
that lovely one the other one
this one in the corner the one over in the other corner
that valuable one the five-pound one
Practice these conversations.
A: I've got a job with the BBC.
B: The British Broadcasting Corporation?
A: No, the Brighton Brush Company.
A: I didn't sleep very well last night.
B: Was your brain full of brilliant ideas?
A: No, there were breadcrumbs in the blankets.
UNIT 39
Clusters Say clusters beginning with [s]
Practice describing these problems.
I was stung on the wrist by a wasp. I screamed.
I slipped down the steps and sprained my ankle.
We had a puncture, and our spare wheel was flat.
I stretched up to shut a window, and strained myself.
A thief snatched my bag in the street.
Quiz. Which English words beginning with 's' are defined like this?
a place where children go to study
to slide over ice, wearing a blade under your foot
to slide over snow, wearing a long strip of metal under your foot
frozen water vapour
to rest, unconscious, with the eyes closed
a thin, flat piece of e.g. bread
a country situated to the north of England