Introduction

One of the most important developments of the 20^th century is the computer. Computers are used nowadays for many different kinds of work, e.g. in offices, banks, factories, hospitals, universities and schools. Their use is becoming more widespread as cheaper and smaller computers become available.

Computers are electronic systems. They are used for handling, or processing facts and figures. Computers can process large amounts of data very quickly.

From the programmer's point of view, all members of the PC family consist of a processor, memory chips, and several smart chips. With the invention of chips, computer manufacture has become much simpler. The manufacturer does not have to connect thousands of components together. Most of the connections are made inside the chip. All the main circuit components that make the computer work are located on the system board; other important parts are located on expansion boards, which can be plugged into the system board.

The system board contains the microprocessor, which is tied to at least 64 KB of memory; some built -in ROM programs, such as BASIC and the ROM BIOS; and several very important support chips. Some of these chips control external devices, such as the disk driver or the display screen, and others help the microprocessor perform its tasks.

Exercise 2. Терминдердің аудармасын табыңыз.

1. support chips A. могут быть вставлены

2. disk driver B. выполнять свои задачи

3. some built -in С. схема памяти

4. perform its tasks D. некоторые встроенные

5. control external devices Е. дисковод

6. can be plugged F. другие важные части

7. expansion boards G. управляют внешними устройствами

8. other important parts Н. привод

9. located on the system board I. плата расширения

10. main circuit J. схема поддержки

11. smart chips К. основная схема

12. memory chips L. располагается на системной плате

13. drive М. гибкая схема

Exercise 3. Ағылшын тіліне аударыңыз.

1. Все компьютеры состоят из процессора, схем памяти и нескольких схем.

2. Все основные схемы располагаются на системной плате.

3. Другие важные части располагаются на плате расширения.

4. Некоторые схемы помогают микропроцессору выполнять свои задачи

Exercise 4. Сөздіксіз аударыңыз.

Processor, memory, control, comparison, different, difference, similar, similarity, manage, management, to contain, efficiency, to calculate, copy, to copy, manufacture, reason, conductor, data, task, original, percent.

Exercise 5. Сomponents, expansion, contains, boards, in ROM, perform, control сөздерін қолданып сөйлемдерді толықтырыңыз. Аударыңыз.

1 . All the main circuit . . . that make the computer work are located on the system board. 2. Some important parts are located on ... boards. 3. Expansion ... can be plugged into the system board. 4. The system board ... the microprocessor. 5. The microprocessor built - ... programs is used in the system board. 6. Some of these chips ... external devices. 7. Some of them help the microprocessor ... its tasks.

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$$$003-003-001$3.3.3.2 №1 модуль бойынша сабақтан алған білімді тексеру тапсырмалары.

Exercise 1. Келесі зат есімдердің көпше түрін беріңіз.

Computer, device, knowledge, goal, man, language, life, study, news, calculator.

Exercise 2. Оң жақ бағанадағы сөз тіркестерін қолданып, сөйлемдерді аяқтаңыз.

1. The engineer typifies...

2. Не makes a great contribu­tion...

3. His main functions are...

4. The engineer also analyzes...

5. So he can work in...

6. At present the engineer...

7. The work of the engineer requires...

a) the products' performances.

b) deals with the automation of production processes.

c) the 20th century.

d) the analytical frame of mind and imagination.

e) to progress.

f) designing, developing and testing the products.

g) the designing office, in the lab and in the production field of

engineering.

Exercise 3. Сөйлемдерді оқып шығып, модельге сәйкес сұраулы және болымсыз түрінде жазыңыз. have to модальды етістігінің эквиваленті сұраулы және болымсыз түрлерін do көмекші етістігі арқылы жасайды.

Model:

— Не had to meet this delegation of engineers from the Tula plant.

— Did he have to meet the delegation of engineers from the Tula plant?

— No, he didn't have to meet this delegation from the Tula plant.

1. All the units of a new tractor can be produced at this plant. 2. Our laboratory has to launch a new programme this month. 3. The scientist was allowed to take part in the conference on automobile designing. 4. This new minibus can hold 18 passengers. 5. Everybody must be present at the lecture of Prof. Ivanov. 6. Student Smirnov is to defend his diploma project next month, 7. This new plant is to build only body fixtures. 8. She may use this new device for testing her design.

Exercise 4. Мәтінді оқып, аударыңыз.