Слепович В.С. - Курс перевода

Russian President Vladimir Putin said that “the main thing is to settle questions of collective security and the main goal is to settle the issues peacefully.” The members of the community should jointly battle problems including “terrorism, drug smuggling, and the illegal export of weapons and aggressive nationalism,” Mr. Putin said.

According to the leaders’ joint statement, the Eurasian Economic Community will establish a common payment system and will provide equal access to foreign investment in all the member-countries. It will also coordinate the countries’ relations with the World Trade Organization. “We have worked out a model for integrating our states,” Kazak President Nursultan Nazarbayev told the gathered leaders. He called the new group “a new model close to the European Council and other international organizations.” Belarusian President Aleksander Lukashenko said the new organization should significantly boost trade in the region, and specifically that it should bring down high Russian cargo tariffs.

“Belarus now exports about 50% of its products to the West because there are no obstacles hindering the free movement of cargo,” he was quoted as saying by the Interfax news agency.

Mr. Putin and several of the other leaders were scheduled to travel to the Kyrgyz capital Bishkek today for a summit on bolstering military cooperation. Russia and several former Soviet republics in Central Asia have been rattled by Islamic insurgencies and alarmed by the Taliban’s recent advances in Afghanistan.

3. STOCKS IN GREECE DROP ON POLITICAL UNREST

By K. Papadopoulous

ATHENS — Greek stocks fell in slow trade, as the market was dragged down by a sharp decline in telecommunications supplier Intracom and poor sentiment attributed to political unrest.

Traders said there was a lack of fresh interest because of deteriorating sentiment amid talk of political unrest.

A general strike paralyzed transport in Athens, while post offices, banks, utility offices and most courts were also closed around Greece as unions opposed government plans to restructure the labor market. Airline travelers were left stranded and government offices were closed. Hospitals only handled emergency cases.

Unions are fighting government plans to shake up Greece’s labor market with proposed changes including capping overtime and giving employers flexibility in setting work hours.

Buses, trolleys and, for the first time, Athens’ new subway were closed. Operations at the airport were limited with Olympic Airways flying only afew routes.Intercity trains also carried out limited trips.

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The government insists its plans will combat high unemployment, currently about 11%. But unions say the changes will undermine job security. They are also seeking a reduction of civil servants’ workweeks to 35 hours without pay reduction.

The protests have brought pressure on the Socialist government, which is planning to push through the unpopular reforms ahead of Greece’s entry into the European Union’s common currency January 1st.

All this turmoil left the outlook of most sectors mixed.

Among telecoms, Intracom was hurt after and international brokerage house lowered its recommendation on the stock. Intracom slid 4% to 11,065 drachmas (32.60 euros).

By contrast, Hellenic Telecommunications Organization was unchanged at 7,190 drachmas, Panafon rose five drachmas to 3,630 drachmas. EFG Eurobank Ergasias was the only bank share that went against the negative current, gaining 1.2%, or 125 drachmas, to 10,980 drachmas. In contrast, Alpha Bank dropped 1.4%, 200 drachmas, to 14,250 drachmas.

Задание 10

Сделайте перевод (полный письменный и/или реферативный) помещенной ниже статьи, обращая внимание на выделенные курсивом устойчивые выражения.

U.S. INSISTS DOLLAR POLICY REMAINS UNCHANGED Treasury Chief Set Conditions for Euro Rescue

(The Wall Street Journal Europe)

By Michael M. Phillips and G. Thomas Sims (staff reporters)

1. PRAGUE — The U.S. finally joined Europe in attempting to rescue the beleaguered euro, but Treasury Secretary Lawrence Summers wants everyone to know that boosting the 11-nation common currency doesn’t mean he’s abandoning the strong-dollar policy that has been a mainstay of Clinton administration economic policy for the past five years.

In the first U.S.-supported intervention in currency markets since Mr. Summers became secretary, the U.S., Europe, Japan, Britain and Canada bought euros Friday, stopping — at least for one day — the 21- month-old currency tailspin.

The euro had fallen to 85,73 U.S. cents Friday morning, and was already rising when the Group of Seven major industrialized nations and the European Central Bank intervened, pushing the currency up to 90,40 cents.By late trading in New York, the euro had slipped abit, to 87,84 cents.

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2. The intervention came 15 years to the day after G-7 economic officials met at the Plaza Hotel in New York and agreed, successfully, to push down the U.S. dollar. But U.S. officials prefer parallels to the June 1998 U.S. move to help Japan boost the yen, which left the dollar in a strong position against the currencies of other major trading partners. For the moment, Mr. Summers seems to have pulled off his tightrope walk, if investor reaction is any guide. The dollar rose Friday against the yen, trading at 108.03 yen compared with 106.67 yen late Thursday.

The G-7 said it acted out of “shared concern about the potential implications of recent movements in the euro for the world economy.” But Mr. Summers made sure the Europeans agreed that their announcement would say that the action took place “at the initiative of the European Central Bank,” a loud hint that the U.S. is willing to help, but doesn’t want to undermine its strong-dollar stance.

3. The administration credits that dollar policy for helping restrain inflation, attracting foreign investors and preventing the red-hot American economy from glowing white. Plus, the U.S. economic team was undoubtedly eager to avert any possibility — however small — that an official move to boost the euro at the dollar’s expense might spark a larger flight from the greenback by investors worried about the huge U.S. trade deficit.

4.After a meeting of finance ministers and central bank governors in Prague Saturday, French Finance Minister Laurent Fabius argued the move should reassure those in policy circles and financial markets dismayed at the contradictory signals European officials have sent during the euro’s steady descent from a high of around $1.18 shortly after its creation in January 1999. “This all shows us the statements of Europeans can’t be taken lightly,” Mr. Fabius said.

5.Mr. Summers’ decision to join the European action, taken in consultation with Federal Reserve Chairman Lan Greenspan, added the

credibility that markets craved. And G-7 officials made clear they were willing to intervene again if circumstances warranted.

“The real surprise is that …the U.S. was on board,” said Joahim Fels, a Morgan Stanley Dean Witter & Co. economist in London. “And that makes me very confident that the move will be effective in putting a floor under the euro both against the dollar and the Japanese yen. It was the right move at the right time.”

6. The Europeans, loath to seem like a charity case, spread the word against financial meetings in Prague that the U.S. agreed to their request because the Clinton team believe the weak euro presents a threat to the U.S. stock market. Several American companies, including Intel Corp., have blamed the euro’s fall for disappointing profits.

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A German Finance Ministry official, who asked not to be named, said he believed Intel’s profit warning late Thursday and the fall in U.S. stock markets the following day “helped make the point.”

“The U.S. realized that they have to have a balanced policy, a strongdollar policy, but they also have to take into account profits and equity markets, and what the euro could do to them,” he said.

7.Actually the decision had been taken hours before the Intel news went public. And while U.S. officials weighed those broad considerations, their choice appears based mostly on a belief that the global economy would be better off if Europe — because of its economic importance — had a more stable and stronger currency and if their policy makers acted in a way that inspired confidence instead of confusion.

“The U.S. is seen in Europe as anti-euro,” said economist Rudi Dornbusch of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. “Not supporting the currency would confirm everything the Europeans believe about the U.S.”

8.The big test of whether the central banks have succeeded comes when market open this morning. Wim Duisenberg, president of the ECB, talked of an “orderly reversal” of the euro’s movements, while other G-7

officials were more vague about what constitutes victory and stressed that the important thing was to signal investors that government won’t stand aside indefinitely.

“If you stabilize it, that’s a good thing; if you reverse some of it, that could be construed as a good thing,” said one senior G-7 official. “Nobody is under the illusion that such an action by the central bank is going to dictate the exchange rate.”

The Europeans began talking about intervention Sept. 9 at a gathering in Versailles, France, and then began courting the U.S. early last week. U.S. officials launched a series of conference calls among themselves to figure out whether it made sense to join in, should the Europeans ask. (…...)

Задание 11

Прочитайте статью из американской газеты «Крисчен Сайенс Монитор» и переведите ее на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод экономических терминов.

CHINA AIMS TO END PESSIMISM WITH $586 BILLION

ECONONIC STIMULUS PACKAGE

The money may not jump-start enough domestic spending, but signals to world leaders that China is engaged in resolving the global financial crisis.

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By Peter Ford (The Christian Science Monitor)

1. Beijing — The $586 billion economic stimulus package that China announced Sunday may not be quite as large as it seemed at first sight, but it dramatizes just how seriously the authorities in Beijing take the threat of a slowdown in the wake of the international financial crisis.

On the face of it, the package of tax cuts, higher public spending, and easier credit constitutes the largest such stimulus in history. Some of the money, though, had already been budgeted and some may even already have been spent, analysts say.

2. The announcement, however, “is a very clear demonstration of political intent to lean heavily into the wind of pessimism that has gripped China in recent weeks,” says Daniel Rosen, an expert on the Chinese economy with the Rhodium Group in New York.

The new policy also gives President Hu Jintao something to show fellow world leaders at the Group of 20 summit in Washington Saturday as they seek ways out of the financial crisis.

3. “We must implement the measures to ensure fast and stable economic development,” Premier Wen Jiabao told government leaders on Monday, according to state TV. “They are not only the needs of our own development but also our biggest contribution to the world.”

Stock markets initially jumped on news of the package, in the hope that if China’s economy continues to grow, it might help other nations weather the expected global recession by offering a market for their exports.

4. The stimulus package is designed to offset the effects of falling exports and a property slump on China’s own economy, by boosting investment and consumption at home. That, the government says, should keep the world’s fastest-growing economy on a “steady and relatively fast” growth track despite the gloomy international climate.

5. The State Council, China’s cabinet, said it would target spending over the next two years on low-income housing, rural infrastructure, water and electricity supplies, technological innovation, and recovery from disasters such as the May 12 earthquake in Sichuan Province.

6. If the plan is implemented, its focus on projects benefiting China’s poorer citizens, rather than on traditional large-scale industrial development, would reinforce the government’s policy of building a “harmonious society” that bridges the current gap between rich and poor.

7. In that sense, the State Council said, the crisis offers “a new opportunity” to speed industrial restructuring. “The short-term goal is to ensure that growth continues. The longer-term aim is to rebalance the economy and redress inequalities,” explains Arthur Kroeber, who heads Dragonomics, a Beijing-based economic analysis firm.

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8.With few details available about how the government will disburse the money, or where exactly it will come from, the package’s main purpose now is “psychological management,” says Mr. Kroeber. “In the consumer sector ... people are not spending much,” he says. “They are uncertain about the future so they are locking up their wallets.”

9.Though much of the money in the package may have already been planned, says Mr. Rosen, Sunday’s announcement “is important

economically ... because it moves government spending and governmentdirected investment up the timetable dramatically. They are going to put it out as fast as possible.”

Задание 12

Предлагаемая для чтения и перевода проблемная статья о коррупции, написанная профессором Робертом Клитгаардом, деканом факультета постдипломной подготовки специалистов в области научно-исследовательских и опытно-конструкторских работ (НИОКР) [research and development] из г. Санта-Моника, штат Калифорния, США, ввиду значительного объема снабжена рядом клю- чей в правой колонке, которые ускорят процесс работы над переводом. Данная статья может использоваться для устного последовательного, а также полного письменного или реферативного перевода.

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