- •The structure of the human body
- •1. Memorize the rules of reading:
- •2. Memorize the rules of reading:
- •7. Form words with the help of negative prefixes. Translate them into Russian.
- •8. Guess the meanings of the words of Latin origin. Practice reading them.
- •9. Learn the words from the Vocabulary List 1.
- •Vocabulary List 1
- •10. Name the organs and parts of the body localized in:
- •16. What sentences in the text give us the following information?
- •17. Using the text describe the following anatomical structures:
- •18. What questions can be asked to get the following answers?
- •19. Match the words with the opposite meanings.
- •20. Translate the word combinations. Pay attention to prepositions.
- •21. What parts of the body are described?
- •22. Fill in the gaps with the right prepositions.
- •23. Guess the meanings of the words of Latin origin. Practice reading them.
- •24. Learn the words from the Vocabulary List 2:
- •Vocabulary List 2
- •25. Find in exercises 23 and 24 six pairs of synonyms.
- •26. Translate the derivatives:
- •27. Read and translate the following word combinations.
- •28. Translate from English into Russian.
- •29. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the Vocabulary list 2.
- •30. A) Read and translate the text.
- •The Skeleton
- •31. Match the Latin and English medical terms:
- •32. Answer the questions.
- •33. Match the bones with the proper parts of the body.
- •34. Match the groups of ribs with their descriptions.
- •35. Complete the sentences:
- •36. Say whether it’s true or false. Give your reasons.
- •37. Form and translate Participle II of the following verbs:
- •38. Translate the sentences.
- •39. Translate from English into Russian:
- •40. Open the brackets using the necessary Passive Form of the given verb.
- •41. Insert the prepositions “by” or “with”.
- •42. Change the following sentences from the Active into the Passive.
- •43. Make the following sentences negative and interrogative.
- •44. Make up sentences from the given words:
- •45. Finish the following sentences using the given words and verbs in the Passive Voice.
- •46. Translate from Russian into English.
- •47. Read the text; insert the proper forms of the verbs. Give a summary of the text. Cranial Bones
- •48. Match the cranial bone with its location.
- •52. А) Find in the dialogue English equivalents for these words and word combinations.
- •58. Answer the questions:
- •59. Translate the sentences.
- •60. Ask 10 questions based on the text “The jaws” and answer them (work in pairs).
- •65. Read the text for general understanding. Pay attention to the first sentence of each paragraph. Make the plan of the text. Bones. Formation and Structure
- •66. Find in the text English equivalents for these words and word combinations:
- •67. Read the text once again. Put the questions in the order they are answered in the text, then answer the questions.
- •68. Read the text. The Systems of the Body
- •69. Correct the sentences according to the text.
- •70. State the function of every system described in the text.
- •71. Put the questions in the order they are answered in the text, then answer the questions.
- •72. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the functions of infinitives.
- •73. Join the sentences, using the infinitive in the function of the adverbial modifier of purpose. Then translate the sentences.
- •74. Translate the sentences with infinitives in the function of attribute.
- •75. Join the parts of the table to make up sentences about the role of famous scientists in the history of medicine.
- •76. Answer the questions.
- •77. Prepare a report (10 – 12 sentences) about life and work of one of the great anatomists.
- •78. Read and reproduce the jokes.
- •79. Practice reading the tongue-twisters.
- •80. Poems and rhymes to enjoy.
69. Correct the sentences according to the text.
1. There are six major organ systems in the body. 2. Joints, cartilages and ligaments connect muscles together. 3. Internal organs and blood vessels are formed by striated muscles. 4. Smooth muscles are controlled by the central nervous system. 5. The cardiovascular system includes blood and blood vessels. 6. Veins carry blood away from the heart to different tissues of the body 7. The bronchi are covered with the pleural membrane. 8. The right lung is smaller and has two lobes. 9. The digestive glands are the liver, pharynx, esophagus and stomach.
70. State the function of every system described in the text.
Model: The function of the urinary system is to remove toxic nitrogen compounds and other wastes from the blood.
71. Put the questions in the order they are answered in the text, then answer the questions.
What is the main organ of the cardiovascular system?
How many types are the muscles divided into?
What is the organ system composed of?
Where does the exchange between the blood and body cells occur?
What do the bones support?
Where are the lungs located?
What is the length of the digestive tract?
What organs are called breathing passages?
What parts does the heart consist of?
72. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the functions of infinitives.
1. He wants to go to the library in the evening. 2. They allowed us to have a cup of tea. 3. You may stay here. 4. Tom let me drive his car yesterday. 5. To see is to believe. 6. To learn two foreign languages at the same time is not easy. 7. The body needs certain levels of proteins, vitamins and minerals in order to work properly. 8. It is necessary for you to know the truth. 9. We decided not to go out because of the weather. 10. He gave me a magazine to read. 11. Ron is going into hospital to have an operation. 12. The captain was the last man to leave the ship. 13. Hot weather makes me feel uncomfortable. 14. From the intestines glucose is absorbed and carried to the liver to be converted into a form of carbohydrate, glycogen or animal starch.
73. Join the sentences, using the infinitive in the function of the adverbial modifier of purpose. Then translate the sentences.
Model: They sent me to Paris. They wanted me to learn French. – They sent me to Paris to learn French.
1. She went to London. She wanted to find a job there. 2. They got up very early. They wanted to take the first train to Moscow. 3. He phoned yesterday. He wanted to tell us about the birthday party. 4. I took off my shoes. I didn’t want to make any noise. 5. He is learning German. He wants to read Thomas Mann. 6. They are saving money. They want to buy a car. 7. She returned home. She wanted to take her umbrella. 8. He returned to Great Britain. He wanted to get his education there.
74. Translate the sentences with infinitives in the function of attribute.
1. He was the first to break the silence. 2. There was no place to sit. 3. I can’t go to the party, I have nothing to wear. 4. She is a pleasant woman to speak to. 5. The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important. 6. Muscle fibres have the power to store glycogen. 7. Do you think this water is safe to drink? 8. He is difficult to understand. 9. Some words are impossible to translate. 9. I was really delighted to get your letter last week. 10. The next train to arrive at platform 2 will be the 7.45 to Birmingham. 11. Oxygen is the most important substance to enter the blood. 12. The liver absorbs the substances to be removed from the blood. 13. Bronze was one of the first metals to be widely used by people.