Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий

Прилагательные и наречия имеют 3 степени сравнения:

• Положительную (small),

• Сравнительную (smaller),

• Превосходную (the smallest).

Положительная		Сравнительная	Превосходная
1 слог long big large		+ er longer bigger larger	+ est the longest the biggest the largest
2 слога, слово оканчивается на-y, -er, -ow, -le: happy clever shallow simple		+ er happier cleverer shallower simpler	+ est the happiest the cleverest the shallowest the simplest
2 слога и более popular сlearly		more + прилаг., наречие more popular more clearly	the most + прилаг., наречие the most popular most clearly
Исключения
good - хороший	better			the best
well - хорошо	better			best
bad - плохой	worse			the worst
little - мало, маленький	less			(the) least
many - много much	more			(the) most
far - далеко, дальний	farther(по расстоянию) further(по порядку)			the farthest the furthest
old	оlder(старше по возрасту) еlder(старший в семье)			the oldest the eldest
late	later latter(последний из 2 упомянутых)			the latest the last

In Orenburg winter is colder than in London. - В Оренбурге зима холоднее, чем в Лондоне.

Australia is one of the least inhabited countries. – Австралия – одна из наименее населенных стран.

Russia is the largest country in the world. – Россия – самая большая страна в мире.

The Lake District is one of the most popular holiday resorts in Great Britain. – Озерный край – один из самых популярных курортов Великобритании.

Запомните:

as…as… так(ой) же … как … He is as tall as his father.

not as (so)… as… не так(ой) … как … He is not so smart as his mother.

the + сравнительная степень, the + сравнительная степень - чем … тем … e.g. the more the better. The more we learn, the more we know.

Слова-усилители используются в сравнительной степени: much (far) bigger – намного (гораздо) крупнее, a little (a bit) smaller – немного меньше.

Ex.29. Translate into Russian. 1. British Airways London Eye is the highest observation wheel in Europe. 2. The worst thing about the English weather is its being so changeable. 3. We see the finest collection of paintings in Europe. 4. Many larger animals like bear or wolf are rare. 5. Wheat grows well in southern regions. 6. They spend most of the day away from home. 7. It is known that the turnover of kopeks is higher. 8. England has a good climate and, which is more important, a long tradition for gardening. 9. The ten-ruble coins live far longer – 10 to 15 years. 10. The Americans no longer issue one-cent coins. 11. The best place to learn how to get a room in a hotel, change money and much more is your nearest Tourist Office. 12. Perhaps when ordinary Russians get higher wages, they will be better prepared to face any problems. 13. The financial authorities opt for a more cautious but less convenient method. 14. Price increases reflect inflationary processes that occurred earlier. 15. Bristol is Britain’s finest waterfront city with a rich maritime history. 16. The EU was our staunchest supporter. 17. The less expensive the flat, the less likely tax would be paid. 18. Liverpool is a historic port city but it is more famous for the Beatles.

Ex.30. Open the brackets.

The differences between men and women are obvious from a very early age. At school, boys are (messy) and (competitive) than girls: boys like to win! But girls are (good) students: they are (hardworking) than boys and they do (much) homework. Girls may be (talkative) than boys, but boys are (noisy). Some doctors believe that baby girls are (strong) than baby boys. But at school girls aren’t as (strong) as boys. Why?