комплексная реабилитация

ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ

2.4. Ⱥɞɚɩɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ26

3. Ɋɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ

3.1.ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɹ ɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ.

3.2.Ɉɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɦ ɞɟɬɹɦ ɪɚɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ ɢ ɢɯ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦ.

3.3.ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ.

3.4.ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ.

3.5.ɉɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟ.

4. Ɋɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ

4.1.ɉɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ.

4.2.ɋɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɜ ɬɪɭɞɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɟ.

4.3.ɉɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ-ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɹ.

4.4.ɉɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɦɨɟ ɬɪɭɞɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ.

5.Ɋɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ

5.1.ɉɫɢɯɨɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɚ.

5.2.ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɹ.

5.3.ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɪɟɧɢɧɝɢ.

5.4.ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ.

5.5.ɉɫɢɯɨɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɝɢɝɢɟɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ.

5.6.ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ.

6.Ɋɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ.

6.1.ɂɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɢɮɥɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ.

6.2.ɉɨɞɛɨɪ ɬɢɮɥɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ.

6.3.Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɯ ɬɢɮɥɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ.

6.4.Ɋɟɦɨɧɬ ɬɢɮɥɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ.

6.5.Ɂɚɦɟɧɚ ɬɢɮɥɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ.

6.6.Ɉɛɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɬɢɮɥɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ.

ȼɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɝɨɞɵ ɩɨɜɫɟɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɹɫɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɲɢɪɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɚɹ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɭ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɩɨ ɭɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɢɸ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɟɝɨ ɠɢɡɧɢ, ɪɚɛɨɬɵ, ɭɱɟɛɵ, ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɷɬɚ ɫɪɟɞɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɨɣ ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ.

ȼɝɥɚɜɟ 1 ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ «ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ

ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɟɣ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ». ȼ ɷɬɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ

26 ɉɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ.

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ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ

ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ. ȼ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɷɬɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɩɪɚɜɵɯ, ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɨɛ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɮɨɪɦɚɯ ɢ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ, ɨɛ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɢ ɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ, ɢɦɟɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɯ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ, ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɛɸɪɨɤɪɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɨɜ, ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɟɞɢɧɵɯ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ. ɇɚɤɨɧɟɰ, ɜ ɡɜɟɧɟ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɳɢɤɨɜ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɩɪɟɟɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɫɬɶ, ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɭɸ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ, ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ, ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɢ ɮɨɪɦ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɳɢɤɨɜ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ.

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɦɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ (ɪɟ)ɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ:

x ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ (ɩɨɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ, ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ ɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɚ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɟɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɭ);

xɩɨɥɧɨɬɚ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ;

xɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ;

xɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ;

xɩɪɟɟɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ;

xɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ (ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜ ɧɟɣ ɧɭɠɞɚɸɳɢɣɫɹ);

xɷɬɚɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɩɥɚɧɨɜɚɹ ɩɪɟɟɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɢ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ;

xɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ;

xɝɢɛɤɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɩɨɞɛɨɪɟ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ.

xɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɚɹ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ (ɜ ɰɟɧɬɪɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɬɚɜɢɬɫɹ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɚɹ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɫ ɟɟ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ, ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɦɢ, ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɹɦɢ, ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɢ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹɦɢ);

xɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɫɬɶ, ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜ ɬɟɫɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɢ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɫ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɨɣ,

239

ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ

ɫ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ, ɛɥɚɝɨɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ, ɫ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ, ɫɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɸɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɦ ɫɨɰɢɭɦɟ;

xɚɞɪɟɫɧɨɫɬɶ, (ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɞɨɯɨɞɢɬ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɞɨ ɬɨɝɨ, ɤɨɦɭ ɨɧɚ ɧɭɠɧɚ);

xɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ (ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɧɚɰɟɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ, ɱɟɦ ɧɚ ɢɯ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ).

ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ, ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ

ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɨɩɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ27, ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ɤ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɟɦ ɤɥɢɧɢɤɨ-ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ, ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ, ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ.

ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɪɚɡɛɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɷɬɚɩɵ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨɣ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɡɚɰɢɢ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɥɟɠɢɬ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ

ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɟɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ, ɚ ɞɟɬɢ-ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɵ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɟɦ ɠɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɹɦ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɧɟɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɵ28.

ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ

ɜɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɨɬ 0 ɞɨ 17-18 ɥɟɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɷɬɚɩɵ:

I ɷɬɚɩ – ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɦɥɚɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɪɚɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ – ɨɬ 0 ɞɨ 3 ɥɟɬ.

II ɷɬɚɩ – ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ – ɨɬ 3 ɞɨ 7 ɥɟɬ (ɭ ɞɟɬɟɣ-ɧɟɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɷɬɨɬ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚɯ ɨɬ 3 ɞɨ

6-7 ɥɟɬ);

III ɷɬɚɩ – ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɦɥɚɞɲɟɝɨ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ – ɨɬ 7 ɞɨ 11 ɥɟɬ (ɭ ɞɟɬɟɣ-ɧɟɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɹɹ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ – 10/11 ɥɟɬ);

IV ɷɬɚɩ – ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ – ɨɬ 11 ɞɨ 15 ɥɟɬ.

V ɷɬɚɩ - ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫɬɚɪɲɟɝɨ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ – ɨɬ 15 ɞɨ 17-18 ɥɟɬ.

ɇɚ I ɷɬɚɩɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɩɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɪɚɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ.

Ɋɚɧɧɟɟ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ, ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɞɟɬɹɦ ɨɬ ɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɨ 3 ɥɟɬ. ɋɟɦɟɣɧɨɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɦɟɠɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɷɬɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ.

27Ɂɨɡɭɥɹ Ɍ.ȼ., ɋɜɢɫɬɭɧɨɜɚ ȿ.Ƚ., ɑɟɲɢɯɢɧɚ ȼ.ȼ.., Ʉɚɜɨɤɢɧ ɋ.ɇ., ɋɨɤɨɥɨɜɚ ȼ.ɋ., Ⱦɟɞɨɜ ɇ.ɉ., Ȼɚɡɨɟɜ ȼ.Ɂ. Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ / Ɇ.: ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ «Ⱥɤɚɞɟɦɢɹ», 2005.

28ɋɨɥɧɰɟɜɚ Ʌ.ɂ. Ɍɢɮɥɨɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɞɟɬɫɬɜɚ / Ɇ., 2000

240

ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ

Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɥɭɠɛ ɪɚɧɧɟɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜ (ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ, ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɚ).

Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɫɥɭɠɛ ɪɚɧɧɟɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ:

xɰɟɧɬɪɵ ɢ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɪɚɧɧɟɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɞɟɬɹɦ ɫ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɢɦ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ;

xɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ (ɪɟ)ɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɢɦ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɯ ɪɚɧɧɟɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ,

xɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢ ɞɟɬɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɯ;

xɤɚɛɢɧɟɬɵ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɥɢɤɥɢɧɢɤɚɯ,

xɤɚɛɢɧɟɬɵ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢ ɝɥɚɡɧɵɯ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɞɟɬɫɤɢɯ ɛɨɥɶɧɢɰ;

xɢ ɞɪ.

ɉɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɞɟɬɹɦ ɪɚɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ ɩɨ ɦɟɫɬɭ ɠɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɧɨɜɵɦɢ. ɗɬɢ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɜɵɡɜɚɧɵ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ, ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɝɨɞɵ ɠɢɡɧɢ (ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ, ɜ ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɝɨɞ) ɧɟɡɪɹɱɟɝɨ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ, ɜɫɟ ɫɢɥɵ «ɛɪɨɫɚɸɬ» ɧɚ ɫɩɚɫɟɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ, ɨɛɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫ ɜɪɚɱɚɦɢ ɢ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɟɫɬɪɚɦɢ, ɜ ɥɭɱɲɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɨɧɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ ɩɨ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɚɥɵɲɚ. ȼ ɷɬɨ ɫɟɧɫɢɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɧ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɢ, ɱɚɳɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ, ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɛɟɡ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ, ɱɬɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɦ. Ʉɚɛɢɧɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɢ (ɤɚɛɢɧɟɬ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ) ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧ ɨɞɢɧ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɢɤɥɢɧɢɤɭ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɥɢɤɥɢɧɢɤ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɤɚɛɢɧɟɬɟ ɭɱɢɬɟɥɶ-ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɥɨɝ (ɢɥɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝ, ɢɥɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝ) ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɭɸ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ (ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ) ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦ. Ɂɚɦɟɬɢɦ, ɱɬɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɚɛɢɧɟɬɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɟɳɟ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɚɬɶɫɹ, ɧɨ ɫɭɬɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɫ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɦ ɦɚɥɵɲɨɦ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɢ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɬ ɜ ɩɨɥɢɤɥɢɧɢɤɭ ɢɥɢ ɥɟɠɚɬ ɫ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɨɦ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɧɢɰɟ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɬɚɦ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɟɪɜɚɹ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɧɚ ɩɭɬɢ ɤ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ-ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚ.

ȼɤɚɛɢɧɟɬɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɢɦɟɬɶɫɹ:

x ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɚɞɪɟɫ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ;

x ɚɞɪɟɫɚ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ (ɪɚɣɨɧɧɵɯ, ɨɤɪɭɠɧɵɯ, ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɢɧɵɯ) ɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ, ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ

241

ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ

ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɚɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɞɟɬɹɦ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦ ɢ ɢɯ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦ;

xɚɞɪɟɫɚ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ (ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ, ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ, ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ), ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɞɟɬɹɦ ɫ ɈȼɁ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ;

xɚɞɪɟɫɚ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ (ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɣ) ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ, ɞɟɬɟɣ ɩɨ ɜɟɞɭɳɟɦɭ ɩɫɢɯɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɸ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɟɬɟɣ – ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ.

xɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɵɟ ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɵ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ, ɞɟɬɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɢ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɤɥɢɧɢɤɨɣ;

xɤɧɢɝɢ ɫ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɚɞɪɟɫ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɸ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ;

xɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɢ ɤɨɩɢɢ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɧɨ-ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɭ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɥɶɝɨɬ.

ȼɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɤɚɛɢɧɟɬɚ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɨɫɟɳɟɧɢɟ (ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ) ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɧɚ ɞɨɦɭ. Ɉɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ (ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦ) ɢɬɨɝɨɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚ ɤɚɛɢɧɟɬɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ, ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ (ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ, ɚɞɪɟɫɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɢ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɬ.ɞ.) ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ, ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ, ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɟɦ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɟ ɜ ɪɚɣɨɧɧɵɟ, ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɟ, ɨɛɥɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ, ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɢɯ ɫɟɦɶɹɦ.

ɍɫɥɭɝɢ ɩɨ ɪɚɧɧɟɦɭ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɧɚ ɦɥɚɞɟɧɰɟɜ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɞɨɦɚɯ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɢ ɧɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɥɚɞɟɧɰɟɜ ɜ ɞɨɦɚɯ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɭ ɞɨɦɚ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɩɟɤɭɧɚɦ ɢ ɭɫɵɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɹɦ.

ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɪɚɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ, ɹɜɥɹɹɫɶ ɩɟɪɜɵɦ ɷɬɚɩɨɦ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ, ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɬɚɩɨɜ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɢ ɫɟɦɶɢ:

1ɷɬɚɩ. ȼɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ. Ɇɟɠɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɢ ɫɟɦɶɢ.

2ɷɬɚɩ. Ɇɟɠɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚɪɧɚɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɢ ɫɟɦɶɢ.

3ɷɬɚɩ. Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɪɚɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ (ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ). ȼɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɪɚɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɦ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɨɦ.

4ɷɬɚɩ. Ɉɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ. Ɉɰɟɧɤɚ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ. ɉɟɪɟɜɨɞ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɢ ɫɟɦɶɢ ɧɚ ɷɬɚɩ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ.

242

ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ

Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɚɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɨɜ ɫ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ (II ɷɬɚɩ) ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɫ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɨɧɢ ɩɨɫɟɳɚɸɬ29. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɜ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɨɜ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɩɪɢɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɨɛɳɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɦ ɫ ɞɟɬɶɦɢ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɩɫɢɯɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɨɜ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ.

Ʉɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣ (ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ) ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɜɯɨɞɹɬ ɬɢɮɥɨɩɟɞɚɝɨɝ, ɬɢɮɥɨɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝ, ɥɨɝɨɩɟɞ, ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪ ɅɎɄ, ɭɱɢɬɟɥɶ ɪɢɬɦɢɤɢ. Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ ɩɨ 2-3 ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ. ɑɟɪɟɡ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɭ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɩɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ. ȼɫɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɵ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɢɪɭɸɬ ɫɜɨɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ, ɱɬɨɛɵ, ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɠɚɹ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ, ɞɨɫɬɢɱɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚ. ȼɨɡɝɥɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɭ ɭɱɢɬɟɥɶ-ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɥɨɝ (ɬɢɮɥɨɩɟɞɚɝɨɝ), ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɨ ɩɨɥɢɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ (ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɨɫɹɡɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɦɨɬɨɪɢɤɢ ɩɚɥɶɰɟɜ ɪɭɤ, ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɨɛɨɧɹɧɢɹ, ɫɥɭɯɚ, ɨɪɝɚɧɚ ɜɤɭɫɚ ɢ ɢɦɟɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ), ɩɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɛɵɬɨɜɨɣ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ, ɩɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɟ, ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɦɢɦɢɤɢ ɢ ɩɚɧɬɨɦɢɦɢɤɢ.

ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɜɨɢɦɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɩɫɢɯɨɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ, ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ.

ɍɫɥɭɝɢ ɚɞɚɩɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ-ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪ (ɢɥɢ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɬɟɥɶ) ɩɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ/ɢɥɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪ ɩɨ ɅɎɄ.

Ʌɨɝɨɩɟɞ ɤɨɪɪɢɝɢɪɭɟɬ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɫɜɨɟɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ

ɟɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɡɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɩɪɢɜɚɰɢɢ.

ȼɲɬɚɬɵ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɜɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɜ ɫɟɦɶɟ. ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɦɟɪɵ ɩɨ ɟɟ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ, ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɫɟɦɶɟ ɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣ

ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɨɣ (ɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ) ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ

29 Ɍɢɩɨɜɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɢ (ɍɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɨ ɉɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɉɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɨɬ 12 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ 2008 ɝ. N 666)

243

ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ

(ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɯɢɪɭɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ), ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɢɪɭɟɬ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɥɶɝɨɬ ɢ ɩɪɚɜ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ-ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚ, ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɫ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ.

Ɇɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɩɨ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɪɚɱɨɦɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɨɦ ɢ ɫɟɫɬɪɚɦɢ-ɨɪɬɨɩɬɢɫɬɤɚɦɢ ɜ ɨɪɬɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɚɛɢɧɟɬɚɯ ȾɈɍ. ɉɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɩɨ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɝɥɚɡɧɵɯ ɛɨɥɶɧɢɰɚɯ.

ȼɫɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɭɹ ɩɥɚɧɵ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ.

Ʉ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɶ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɟɬɟɣ.

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɡɚ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɨɫɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɣ ɪɟɛɟɧɨɤ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɫɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɩɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ. ɉɪɢɱɟɦ, ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ, ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ) ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ (ɞɟɬɫɤɢɯ ɫɚɞɚɯ) ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧ ɬɚɤ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɫɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ30.

ɋɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɯ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ȾɈɍ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɟɳɟ ɧɟ ɜɫɟ ɞɚɠɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɬɨɜɵ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɬɨɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɟɩɵɯ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ, ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɩɨɬɟɪɹ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɥɨɠɧɟɧɚ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɢ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ. ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɡɚɤɚɡɚ ɢɞɟɬ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɬ ɜɢɞɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɫɟɯ ȾɈɍ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ (ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ, ɫɥɭɯɚ, ɨɩɨɪɧɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ), ɧɨ ɢ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɯ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɞɟɬɟɣ-ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ. ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɉɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɧɚɞɨɦɧɨɦ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɨɜ ɫ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɧɨɫɬɶɸ, ɨ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɯ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫɨ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɣ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɚ, ɨɛ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɞɟɬɟɣ – ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɜ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɯ ȾɈɍ. Ⱦɟɬɹɦ-ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɛɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɟɬɫɤɢɯ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ.

ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɞɟɬɹɦ, ɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɦ ɜ ɨɬɞɚɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɜ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɯ, ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ «ɒɤɨɥɵ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ». ȼ

30 ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ. ȼ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɩɵɬ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɯ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ȾɈɍ. ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ, ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ, ɩɨɤɚ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɸ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɞɚɠɟ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ.

244

ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ

ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɡɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɝɨɞɚ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɬɚɤɚɹ ɲɤɨɥɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɫɨɰɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɜ ɨɫɟɧɧɟ-ɡɢɦɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ ɥɟɱɟɛɧɨ-ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ. ɗɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦ ɢ ɢɯ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦ, ɧɨ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɚɦ ɷɬɢɯ ɥɟɱɟɛɧɨɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɟɟ ɜɨɫɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɨɬɞɵɯɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɟɡɨɧɵ.

ɋɨɛɪɚɜ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɢɡ ɨɬɞɚɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɟɥ ɢ ɞɟɪɟɜɟɧɶ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ ɤɚɤɨɝɨ-ɥɢɛɨ ɥɟɱɟɛɧɨ-ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ (ɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɨɪɢɹ, ɥɚɝɟɪɹ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɬɞɵɯɚ, ɞɟɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɚɧɚɬɨɪɢɹ ɢ ɬ.ɩ.), ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ:

xȾɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɟɬɟɣ, ɧɨ ɢɯ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ (ɬɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ, ɤɬɨ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɨɦ). ɐɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ɩɪɨɞɢɤɬɨɜɚɧɚ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɢ ɞɟɬɟɣ-ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ (ɬɟɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ) ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɜɨɟ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɟ ɞɚɠɟ ɜ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɦ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɦɟ.

xɉɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɫ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ, ɩɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ,

ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɨɛɳɟɭɤɪɟɩɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɜɚɧɧɵ, ɦɚɫɫɚɠ, ɢɧɝɚɥɹɰɢɢ ɢ ɬ.ɩ.

x ɉɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɢ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɦɢ (ɸɪɢɫɬɚɦɢ, ɬɢɮɨɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɚɦɢ, ɬɢɮɥɨɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɚɦɢ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɫɨɰɡɚɳɢɬɵ)

-ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɥɶɝɨɬɵ;

-ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ;

-ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɢɦ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɫɟɦɶɟ;

-ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ; x ɉɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɦɚɫɬɟɪ-ɤɥɚɫɫɵ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɫ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɦɢ ɞɟɬɶɦɢ ɪɚɧɧɟɝɨ,

ɩɪɟɞɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɨɦ, ɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ, ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ.

xɉɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɪɟɧɢɧɝɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɟɬɟɣ-ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ

ɫɰɟɥɶɸ ɫɧɹɬɢɹ ɬɪɟɜɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ.

xɂ ɬ.ɩ.

Ʉɪɚɬɤɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ, ɧɨ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ

ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦ ɫ ɞɟɬɶɦɢ-ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ) ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ. ɋɪɨɤɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ

245

ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ

ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ, ɱɬɨ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ, ɨɬ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ.

Ɉɩɵɬ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɜ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɟ Ȼɚɲɤɨɪɬɨɫɬɚɧ (ɊȻ), ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɟ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɢ ɝɞɟ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜɫɸɞɭ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ (ɤɪɨɦɟ Ɇɨɫɤɜɵ ɢ ɋɚɧɤɬ-ɉɟɬɟɪɛɭɪɝɚ), ɧɟ ɯɜɚɬɚɟɬ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ-ɬɢɮɥɨɥɨɝɨɜ.

Ⱦɪɭɝɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɨɣ (ɩɪɨɲɟɞɲɟɣ ɚɩɪɨɛɚɰɢɸ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɜɫɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ) ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɞɟɬɹɦ ɢ ɢɯ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ «ȼɵɟɡɞɧɚɹ ɲɤɨɥɚ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ». ɉɪɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ «ȼɵɟɡɞɧɨɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ» ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɩɨɧɫɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ.

ȿɳɟ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɝɨ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɦ ɞɟɬɹɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ, ɜɵɟɡɠɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɪɚɣɨɧɵ. Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɪɢ ɉɆɉ (ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-ɦɟɞɢɤɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɹ).

Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɚɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɦɥɚɞɲɟɝɨ, ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɢ ɫɬɚɪɲɟɝɨ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ (ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚ III - ɦ, IV – ɦ ɢ V - ɦ ɷɬɚɩɚɯ) ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ (ɱɬɨ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ) ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ ɬɨɦɭ, ɤɚɤ ɷɬɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɞɥɹ, ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɨɜ ɫ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ (II ɷɬɚɩ) ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ (ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ) ɨɛɳɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɲɤɨɥɚɯ-ɢɧɬɟɪɧɚɬɚɯ ɢ ɲɤɨɥɚɯ ɞɧɟɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɛɵɜɚɧɢɹ III-IV ɜɢɞɨɜ (ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɫɥɟɩɵɯ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɫɥɚɛɨɜɢɞɹɳɢɯ ɞɟɬɟɣ).

ɇɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɨɜ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ, ɬɚɤ ɠɟ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɨɜ ɫ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɣ ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ, ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɢɮɥɨɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚ ɢ ɬɢɮɥɨɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ.

ȼ ɜɵɲɟɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ ɤɪɨɦɟ ɭɪɨɤɨɜ ɩɨ ɨɛɳɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚɦ ɫ ɭɱɚɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɰɟɥɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɩɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ:

xɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɵ (ɫɦ. ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɧɚ IIɷɬɚɩɟ);

xɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɛɵɬɨɜɚɹ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ;

xɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ;

xɪɢɬɦɢɤɚ;

xɚɞɚɩɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɅɎɄ;

xɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ;

xɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɪɟɱɢ.

ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɸ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ, ɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ. Ⱦɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɫɥɟɩɵɟ ɞɟɬɢ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɟɦɚɦ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɢɫɶɦɚ ɩɨ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ Ƚɟɛɨɥɶɞɚ, ɭɱɚɬɫɹ ɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɩɨɞɩɢɫɶ

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ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ

(ɪɚɫɩɢɫɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ). Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɜ ɷɬɢɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ ɢ ɭɪɨɤɢ ɩɨ ɨɛɳɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚɦ, ɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɬɟɥɟɣ, ɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɤɪɭɠɤɨɜ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɰɟɥɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɢ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɵɯ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹ ɢ ɢɯ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɭ ɤ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɟ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ (ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɫɬɢ, ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɞɪ.).

ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚ IV ɷɬɚɩɟ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɭɱɚɳɢɦɢɫɹ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɭɠɟ ɧɚ I ɷɬɚɩɟ ɞɟɬɢ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɸɬ ɜɫɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɮɟɪɚɯ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɍɟɦɢ «ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ», ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɷɬɢ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɵ, ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɭɱɚɳɢɟɫɹ, ɩɪɢɲɟɞɲɢɟ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɭ ɞɥɹ ɫɥɟɩɵɯ ɢ ɫɥɚɛɨɜɢɞɹɳɢɯ ɢɡ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ.

Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɹ ɥɨɝɨɩɟɞɚ ɩɨ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɢ ɪɟɱɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚ III ɷɬɚɩɟ, ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɜ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɲɤɨɥɟ. ȼ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɢ ɫɬɚɪɲɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɚɯ ɨɧɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɦɢ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɪɟɱɢ ɢ ɞɟɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ.

Ɂɧɚɤɨɦɫɬɜɨ ɫ ɦɢɪɨɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ.

ɋɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɷɬɚɩɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɲɤɨɥɚɯ ɞɥɹ ɫɥɟɩɵɯ ɢ ɫɥɚɛɨɜɢɞɹɳɢɯ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɤɭɪɫɚɦ ɫɬɪɨɝɨ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɟɧ ɢ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɧɢɤɨɜ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɜ ɫɬɚɪɲɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɚɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɨ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦɢ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ, ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɫ ɬɨɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɟɩɵɦɢ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫɥɟɩɵɦɢ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɚɦɢ, ɧɨ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɭɠɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɝ ɭɱɟɧɢɤ. Ⱦɪɭɝɨɣ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ. ȼ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɤɭɪɫɟ «ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɛɵɬɨɜɚɹ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ» ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɤ ɧɚɜɵɤɚɦ ɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɝɢɝɢɟɧɵ (ɢɛɨ ɨɧɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɟɳɟ ɧɚ ɞɨ II-ɦ ɢ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɸɬ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ III-ɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ), ɧɨ ɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɤ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɥɟɧɢɸ ɫɬɚɪɲɟɤɥɚɫɫɧɢɤɨɜ ɫ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ, ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ.

Ɉɱɟɧɶ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɧɚ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ. ɗɬɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ, ɫ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟɦ ɢɦɢ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɣ.

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ (ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ) ɨɛɳɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ

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