Grammar

Task 9. Define what parts of speech the following words from the text belong and fill in the table.

rayon, comprises, days, originally, minerals, industrial, created, merely, plastics, usually, century, civilization, later, artificial, produce, cheap, commercial, technological, advancement, came, simple, synthetic, substance, include, synthesis.

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb

Task 10. Look through the text and choose the necessary prepositions to fill in the gaps in the text.

Chemical engineers are involved ____ (in, at, with) the production, use, and development ____ (from, of, with) chemicals ____ (on, at, in) an industrial level. Their work is directly linked ____ (to, on, for) all facets of industrial chemistry, which is one of the largest areas of industrial production, research and development ____ (at, in ,on) the world. Chemical engineering is a diverse area of business. All industrial products involve some form of chemistry, so the field ____ (from, for, to) employment is very large. Chemical engineers work ____ (from, in, with) virtually all industries. In this profession, the type of chemistry is often the defining factor ____ (to, in, from) employment and career options. Specialization is common, and the work environment can be quite variable depending ____ (from, on, at) the type of chemistry and engineering requirements of the jobs.

Task 11. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct grammar tense.

1. He (to have) his English classes twice a week. 2. I (to have) the necessary information tomorrow. 3. Water (to boil) at 100 degrees above zero Centigrade. 4. His working day (to start) at 9 o’clock yesterday. 5. I want to see how much the place (to change) since I was there last. 6. The lecture just (to begin). 7. It (to snow) in Brighton tomorrow evening. 8. Most town and cities (to have) their own regional newspapers. 9. After passing the exams the students (to leave) for their holidays. 10. He (to be) here soon. 11. Tom (to move) to his home town in 1994. 12. It (to go) to be dark soon. 13. The rain (to start) when I was waiting for my bus. 14. Because temperature (to remain) low all winter, the snow couldn’t melt until spring.

Translation practice

Task 12. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.

1. The chemical industry is an economically significant part of the whole industry in the world.

2. The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.

3. The historical mission of chemical industry was just to be an assistant of the Industrial Revolution during each period.

4. It was during the years of the Industrial Revolution that the synthesized fertilizers were developed based on chemical combinations and mixings; this resulted in the agricultural explosion in Britain.

5. In the latter part of the 19^th century the demand for sulphuric acid expanded further as ammonium sulfate used as a fertilizer.

6. The invention of rayon can be related to the invention of an apparatus in 1840 that drew synthetic filaments through small holes.

Task 13. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Хімічна промисловість забезпечує всі галузі господарства хімічними технологічними матеріалами та виробляє товари масового споживання.

2. Сучасні технології хімічної промисловості мають необмежену перевагу перед механічними способами обробки речовин і дають можливість залучати у виробничий процес і перетворювати на промислові продукти велику кількість сировини.

3. У багатьох галузях хімічної промисловості спостерігається висока потреба у паливі та енергії.

4. Сірчана кислота застосовується у великих масштабах при виробництві фосфатних добрив, хімічних волокон і целюлозно-паперової продукції.

5. Сировиною для виробництва хімічних волокон служать синтетичні смоли, отримані на базі переробки нафти.

6. Промислова революція значно підвищила попит на всю хімічну продукцію.