Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.

1. What are the limitations for construction with sawn wood?

2. Why is large size lumber not good for construction?

3. What is not feasible with sawn lumber?

4. How can structural members of any length and cross section be made of lumber?

5. How are lumber pieces glued to reach the full length?

6. What can laminations be used for?

Лексические упражнения

Упражнение 1. Переведите на русский язык приведенные ниже слова:

except (prep.), lower (v.), thickness (n.), curve (n.), feasible(adj.), face (n.).

Если Вы не знаете слово, найдите его в словаре. Выпишите из словаря то значение слова, в котором оно использовано в тексте.

Упражнение 2. Найдите перевод слов списка А в списке В.

A размер форма прямой пролёт внешний вид кусок уменьшать получать некоторый количество

B some available straight shape arch size span reduce dimension quality

A имеющийся изгибать арка балка широкий качество размер склеивать профиль колонна

B beam wide glue cross section column quantity bend piece appearance obtain

Упражнение 3. Напишите предложения с каждым из перечисленных ниже слов:

form n. - form v. - formwork

long - length

Урок 1.11 Фонетическое задание

Прочитайте транскрипцию в списке A, соотнесите её с соответствующим словом из списка B и переведите слово на русский язык. Учтите, что не все слова списка В даны в списке А.

A

["rJIn'fLsmqnt]; ['kPmpqzIt]; ['kwLtq]; ['tAfnqs]; [mI'kxnIkql]; [kq'rqVZqn]; ['meItrIks]; ["veqrI'eISqn]; ['mPlIkjHl]; [mq'lekjVlq]; ['sHtqbql]; [sIns]; [b¶VT]; [baInd]

B

mechanical both science reinforcement

bind toothless toughness corrosion

band variation molecule compost

corrugation molecular quarter suitable

matrix since mattress composite

Текст A

PLASTIC

The construction industry uses over a quarter of all the plastics that are produced. However of the large number of plastics available, only a small number are suitable for use in the major elements of a building. The principal distinction among plastics is between the thermosetting and thermoplastic materials. Both types may be reinforced by fibres and in the case of thermosetting plastics this is almost always necessary in order to obtain good mechanical properties. Plastics are widely used because of their high strength to weight ratio, their ease of forming and their resistance to corrosion.

The most popular thermosetting plastic in use in the construction industry, due to its cost, strength, relative hardness and toughness, is fibreglass reinforced polyester, GRP, a composite which has a polyester resin matrix and glass fibre reinforcement. In a reinforced plastic the matrix binds the fibres together and protects them from damage; the fibres are much stronger than the surrounding matrix material. Fillers such as glass, mica and sand can also be incorporated so as to improve properties.

The properties of the plastic depend on the molecular structure and on the way the links between molecules are made. Only variations in temperature are needed in order to make large changes in the properties of the plastic. For example, unlike most metals, an increase in temperature even of 10°C (18°F) has a major effect on the strength, creep, elastic modulus and, therefore, the stiffness of the plastic. In addition to temperature, the mechanical properties of a plastic will depend on its conditions of use since production.

Notes:

fibreglass reinforced polyester полиэфирное стекловолокно

matrix n. матрица

mica n. слюда

molecular adj. молекулярный

thermoplastic adj. термопластичный

thermosetting adj. термореактивный

toughness n. жёсткость, прочность