- •Учебно-методическое пособие
- •Supplementary Reading
- •Great britain (I)
- •1. What do you know about Great Britain? Here is a short test. Choose the correct answer.
- •2. There are a lot of international words, which are used in the text below. Look through the words and put them into the correct boxes: nouns and adjectives. Try to guess their meaning.
- •3. Read the text about the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and explain the words and word combinations in bold. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1)
- •4. Complete this chart with information from the text in Ex.3. Then speak about the country.
- •5. Read the text below, translate it, using a dictionary and try to remember the words and word combinations in bold. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (2)
- •6. Read the two texts again and circle the correct answer.
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •7. Find the English equivalents of the following words and phrases in the text above, then make sentences using them.
- •8. Fill in the correct word(s) from the list.
- •9.A) Answer the following questions.
- •9.B) Speak about the parts of the uk, the history of their unification and the difficulties of their peaceful co-existence.
- •10. Look through the information about Great Britain in Ex. 4. Make another chart like this and fill it with the details of your own country. Write a simple introduction to your country.
- •Britain and the British
- •Great britain (II)
- •2. Some fragments of the sentences have been removed from the text. Choose from the fragments the one, which fits each gap.
- •The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (3)
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •9. Look through the text above, then close your books and try to complete the following sentences.
- •9. Answer the questions and speak about the diversity of theory and practice concerning English constitutional law.
- •10. Write a short commentary concerning Russian constitutional law.
- •Great Britain Quiz
- •The usa (I)
- •1. In this unit you’re going to learn about a turning point in American history, but there are lots of famous dates in the history of the usa. Match the date to the important event.
- •2. Read a short article about the United States of America. Then match the words in bold to the definitions.
- •3. Match the opposites.
- •4. Copy the chart in Ex.4, p.4 and complete it with information from the text. Then speak about the usa.
- •5. Read the article about the United States of America and translate it, using a dictionary. Then try to remember the words in bold.
- •6. Mark the sentences as t (true), f (false) or d (don’t know).
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •The usa (II)
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •3. Fill in the appropriate word(s) from the list, then make sentences using the completed phrases.
- •4. A) Match the English and Russian equivalents.
- •4. B) Fill in the correct word(s) from the list.
- •5. Read the text again, then make notes under these headings. Use your notes to talk about the Constitution of the United States of America.
- •6. You are going to read a text about us Congress. Five sentences have been removed from the text. Choose the sentence (a - e), which fits each gap.
- •Congress
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •7.A) Find the English equivalents of the following words and phrases in the text, then make sentences using them.
- •7.B). Underline the correct words in bold.
- •8. Match a) the synonyms b) the antonyms.
- •9. Close your books and try to complete the following sentences.
- •10. Analyse the main differences between the English and American Constitutions in written form.
- •America the beautiful
- •The usa (III)
- •3. Read the text again and circle the correct answer.
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •4. Fill in the correct word(s) from the list.
- •5. Find the words in the text above that mean:
- •6. Find the different word in each line and explain why it is the odd one out as in the example.
- •7. Read the text again, then make notes under these headings. Use your notes to talk about the President of the United States.
- •8. Read a short paragraph about the elections and some functions of the Russian President. Are there any differences between those of American President?
- •9. Fill in the correct prepositions, then make sentences using the completed phrases.
- •10. Compare and contrast the elections and some functions of the Russian and American Presidents in written form. Use the following useful expressions. Start like this:
- •20. A system of government or organization in which the citizens or members choose leaders or make other important decisions by voting.
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •3. Fill in the correct word(s) from the list.
- •Speaking
- •4. Read the text again and explain the functions of different types of courts in England and Wales.
- •5. Read the text and decide which answer a, b, c or d best fits each space. There is an example at the beginning (0). The Federal Judiciary in the u.S.
- •6. Work in pairs. Make 10 questions to the text. Let your group mates answer them.
- •9. Read the following text and explain the word(s) in bold. Then check your answers in Ex.1. And speak about the people in the court, their duties and functions.
- •In the Court
- •10. You’re a reporter for the local newspaper. Write an article with full names, ages, addresses and details of the case you’ve heard in the court.
- •Justice and law (I) Warm up Activities
- •1. Read the following sayings. Are they logical? What do you think of them?
- •Justice and Law in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •3. Match the Russian to the English equivalents.
- •4. Fill in the appropriate word(s) from the list, then make sentences using the completed phrases.
- •5. Read the text again and circle the correct answer.
- •6. Make notes under these headings. Use your notes to talk about justice and law in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
- •7. Read the text and translate it into Russian, using a dictionary. Then try to remember the words in bold. Kinds of Cases
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •8. Give English equivalents for the following words and word combinations, then make sentences using them.
- •9.A) Fill in the gaps with the appropriate word(s) from the list below:
- •9.B) Fill in the gaps with the prepositions:
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •2. Find the English equivalents in the text and remember them.
- •3. Give the Russian equivalents.
- •4. Match the synonyms.
- •5. Fill in the appropriate word(s) from the list, then make sentences using the completed phrases.
- •6. Complete the sentences with one of the words given below.
- •7. Give your definition of the following people:
- •8. Answer the questions on the text.
- •9. Use the questions in Ex. 8 as a plan to talk about the criminal justice process in the usa.
- •10. Use the questions in Ex. 8 as a plan to write about the criminal justice process in Russia.
- •What are these?
- •Supplementary Reading Text 1. This is britain
- •Text 2. The suffragette movement
- •Text 3. This is the usa
- •Text 4. Us constitution
- •Text 5. The english and american constitutions
- •Text 6. English criminal law
- •Text 7. The garden city of asia
- •Text 8. A very beautiful story
- •Part 1.
- •Part 2.
9. Look through the text above, then close your books and try to complete the following sentences.
Parliament comprises ………………………………………………………
The Lords is made up of ……………………………………………………
The House of Commons consists of ………………………………………..
In modern practice the centre of parliamentary power is …………………..
The main function of the House of Lords is …………………………………
The main function of the House of Commons is …………………………….
General elections to choose MPs and the next Government must …………..
Voting, which is not compulsory, is …………………………………………
Two-party system governments are formed by ……………………………...
The leader of the government chooses ………………………………………
The second largest party traditionally forms …………………………………
Ministers are collectively responsible for ……………………………………
Local government is carried out by …………………………………………..
Reading
8. Read the text about the English Constitution, translate it, using a dictionary and explain the difference between the “unwritten” Constitution and “flexible” Constitution. Which Constitution corresponds to Great Britain, the USA, Russia?
The English Constitution and Theory and Practice Diversity
To understand English constitutional law it is necessary to study numerous documents, including constitutional treaties like the Bill of Rights, various statutes and judicial decisions and others. But the whole of the Constitution of Britain will not be found in any of these documents. The English constitution, though partly written, is yet to be regarded as “unwritten” from the standpoint of constitutional lawyers, *as it is not codified as a whole in any particular document or documents. The English Constitution is considered to be flexible because Parliament *can “make or unmake” any law by the same procedure and with the same ease.
The Constitution is not the source of the law, but the law gives birth to the Constitution.
Though the King (Queen) is the nominal Sovereign, any particular Parliament during the period of its existence is legally supreme.
In England *the rights of the subject are mostly deduced from actual decisions in which remedies have been afforded for their invasion. Thus it is sometimes said that under the English Constitution *the remedy precedes the right.
In administering justice the Judges enjoy little arbitrary power. The law, which they administer, is defined by statutes and other documents *having statutory validity and by judicial precedents.
Certain important Conventions control the entire working of the Constitution. These Conventions relate to the duties of the King as a person, the duties of the Ministers of the Crown and so on.
Theory and practice concerning English constitutional law are divergent, as it is seen from the following illustrations:
1. In theory the Sovereign is to be an active party to the making of laws, but in practice he has a shadowy veto.
2. In theory every Lord of Parliament is a Judge of the House of Lords, entitled to take part in appeals from the lower Courts; in practice *he always absents himself unless qualified by statute to sit there as one of the quorum.
3. In theory certain persons (e.g. Lord Mayor) are invested with judicial powers at trials in the Central Criminal Court, but in practice they don't take part in judicial work there.
4. In theory certain public departments are supposed to be controlled by boards consisting of various high officials (e.g. the Board of Trade), but the real head is a single Minister of the Crown (e.g. the President of the Board of Trade).
5. Finally, Legislature and Executive are joined together by a connecting chain — the Cabinet.
*asitisnotcodified— так как она не кодифицирована
*can«makeorunmake»anylaw— может составить или аннулировать любой закон
*therightsofthesubjectarededucedfromactualdecisions— права подданных складываются на основании фактических судебных решений
*theremedyprecedestheright— средство судебной защиты предшествует закону
*having statutory validity — имеющие силу закона
*he always absents himself unless qualified by statute to sit there as one of the quorum — он всегда уклоняется, кроме тех случаев, когда закон уполномочивает его заседать для обеспечения кворума
Speaking