- •Учебно-методическое пособие
- •Supplementary Reading
- •Great britain (I)
- •1. What do you know about Great Britain? Here is a short test. Choose the correct answer.
- •2. There are a lot of international words, which are used in the text below. Look through the words and put them into the correct boxes: nouns and adjectives. Try to guess their meaning.
- •3. Read the text about the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and explain the words and word combinations in bold. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1)
- •4. Complete this chart with information from the text in Ex.3. Then speak about the country.
- •5. Read the text below, translate it, using a dictionary and try to remember the words and word combinations in bold. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (2)
- •6. Read the two texts again and circle the correct answer.
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •7. Find the English equivalents of the following words and phrases in the text above, then make sentences using them.
- •8. Fill in the correct word(s) from the list.
- •9.A) Answer the following questions.
- •9.B) Speak about the parts of the uk, the history of their unification and the difficulties of their peaceful co-existence.
- •10. Look through the information about Great Britain in Ex. 4. Make another chart like this and fill it with the details of your own country. Write a simple introduction to your country.
- •Britain and the British
- •Great britain (II)
- •2. Some fragments of the sentences have been removed from the text. Choose from the fragments the one, which fits each gap.
- •The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (3)
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •9. Look through the text above, then close your books and try to complete the following sentences.
- •9. Answer the questions and speak about the diversity of theory and practice concerning English constitutional law.
- •10. Write a short commentary concerning Russian constitutional law.
- •Great Britain Quiz
- •The usa (I)
- •1. In this unit you’re going to learn about a turning point in American history, but there are lots of famous dates in the history of the usa. Match the date to the important event.
- •2. Read a short article about the United States of America. Then match the words in bold to the definitions.
- •3. Match the opposites.
- •4. Copy the chart in Ex.4, p.4 and complete it with information from the text. Then speak about the usa.
- •5. Read the article about the United States of America and translate it, using a dictionary. Then try to remember the words in bold.
- •6. Mark the sentences as t (true), f (false) or d (don’t know).
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •The usa (II)
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •3. Fill in the appropriate word(s) from the list, then make sentences using the completed phrases.
- •4. A) Match the English and Russian equivalents.
- •4. B) Fill in the correct word(s) from the list.
- •5. Read the text again, then make notes under these headings. Use your notes to talk about the Constitution of the United States of America.
- •6. You are going to read a text about us Congress. Five sentences have been removed from the text. Choose the sentence (a - e), which fits each gap.
- •Congress
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •7.A) Find the English equivalents of the following words and phrases in the text, then make sentences using them.
- •7.B). Underline the correct words in bold.
- •8. Match a) the synonyms b) the antonyms.
- •9. Close your books and try to complete the following sentences.
- •10. Analyse the main differences between the English and American Constitutions in written form.
- •America the beautiful
- •The usa (III)
- •3. Read the text again and circle the correct answer.
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •4. Fill in the correct word(s) from the list.
- •5. Find the words in the text above that mean:
- •6. Find the different word in each line and explain why it is the odd one out as in the example.
- •7. Read the text again, then make notes under these headings. Use your notes to talk about the President of the United States.
- •8. Read a short paragraph about the elections and some functions of the Russian President. Are there any differences between those of American President?
- •9. Fill in the correct prepositions, then make sentences using the completed phrases.
- •10. Compare and contrast the elections and some functions of the Russian and American Presidents in written form. Use the following useful expressions. Start like this:
- •20. A system of government or organization in which the citizens or members choose leaders or make other important decisions by voting.
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •3. Fill in the correct word(s) from the list.
- •Speaking
- •4. Read the text again and explain the functions of different types of courts in England and Wales.
- •5. Read the text and decide which answer a, b, c or d best fits each space. There is an example at the beginning (0). The Federal Judiciary in the u.S.
- •6. Work in pairs. Make 10 questions to the text. Let your group mates answer them.
- •9. Read the following text and explain the word(s) in bold. Then check your answers in Ex.1. And speak about the people in the court, their duties and functions.
- •In the Court
- •10. You’re a reporter for the local newspaper. Write an article with full names, ages, addresses and details of the case you’ve heard in the court.
- •Justice and law (I) Warm up Activities
- •1. Read the following sayings. Are they logical? What do you think of them?
- •Justice and Law in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •3. Match the Russian to the English equivalents.
- •4. Fill in the appropriate word(s) from the list, then make sentences using the completed phrases.
- •5. Read the text again and circle the correct answer.
- •6. Make notes under these headings. Use your notes to talk about justice and law in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
- •7. Read the text and translate it into Russian, using a dictionary. Then try to remember the words in bold. Kinds of Cases
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •8. Give English equivalents for the following words and word combinations, then make sentences using them.
- •9.A) Fill in the gaps with the appropriate word(s) from the list below:
- •9.B) Fill in the gaps with the prepositions:
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •2. Find the English equivalents in the text and remember them.
- •3. Give the Russian equivalents.
- •4. Match the synonyms.
- •5. Fill in the appropriate word(s) from the list, then make sentences using the completed phrases.
- •6. Complete the sentences with one of the words given below.
- •7. Give your definition of the following people:
- •8. Answer the questions on the text.
- •9. Use the questions in Ex. 8 as a plan to talk about the criminal justice process in the usa.
- •10. Use the questions in Ex. 8 as a plan to write about the criminal justice process in Russia.
- •What are these?
- •Supplementary Reading Text 1. This is britain
- •Text 2. The suffragette movement
- •Text 3. This is the usa
- •Text 4. Us constitution
- •Text 5. The english and american constitutions
- •Text 6. English criminal law
- •Text 7. The garden city of asia
- •Text 8. A very beautiful story
- •Part 1.
- •Part 2.
Text 5. The english and american constitutions
Differences between the English and American Constitutions:
1. In America the President is in practice more of a ruler than the English King but his legal powers are more restricted.
2. The President can veto legislation, and the English King has legally an absolute but in practice a very shadowy power of veto which has not been exercised since long times.
3. The English Constitution is flexible, the American — rigid, i.e. in England all laws can be altered with ease, and in America complicated machinery is necessary for the alteration of the Constitution.
The American Constitution is written; the English Constitution is unwritten.
5. The English Crown is inherited; the American President is elected for a term.
6. The American President is not dependent on the vote of the Congress; in England the Cabinet is dependent on the vote of the House of Commons. In America, therefore, the Executive is not responsible to the Legislature. England is the only country possessing hereditary legislators.
Answer the following questions.
1. Who is more of a ruler in practice: the President in America or the English King?
2. Does the English King (Queen) have a power of veto?
3. Can the English laws be altered with ease?
4. In which document can you find the whole of the Constitution of Britain?
5. Is the English King (Queen) elected ?
6. Who is dependent on the vote of the Congress?
7. What is the only country possessing hereditary legislators?
Text 6. English criminal law
Criminal Law is that part of the law of the land which is concerned with crimes.
The English criminal law has never been reduced to a single code but many particular topics have been codified by separate statutes, for example, the Larceny Act (1916), which deals with various forms of theft and related offences such as fraudulent conversion and the offences against the Person Act (1861), which covers many forms of assault and personal violence. Criminal statutes call for judicial interpretation, just as a comprehensive criminal code would do, and authoritative rulings by the courts on the meaning of statutes are as much part of the criminal law as are the statutes themselves.
A crime, according to the doctrine of the Common Law, is made up of an outward act and the state of mind of the criminal. He must have a guilty mind or *mens rea, in addition to committing the physical act which is forbidden. This doctrine of mens rea is still of importance, particularly in some Common Law crimes, but in many statutory crimes it has ceased to be of much significance. Every crime, it may be said, has its own kind of guilty mind. This clearly exists if the intention is to commit the criminal act, knowing it to be such, but every person is taken to intend the probable consequences of his act and so a person who treats another so violently that he jumps out of a window to escape and is killed by the fall is guilty of murder. Sometimes mens rea may take the form of negligence or mental inadvertence, as in manslaughter by neglect. Then the mental state must be proved to exist, as in the crime of burglary. In the case of murder the necessary mens rea is expressed by the phrase “malice aforethought”. This phrase does not imply that murder can be committed only if it is premeditated. Nor need malice in the ordinary sense of spite or ill-will be present in the mind of the murderer. An act is said in the criminal law to be done maliciously if it is done intentionally without a just cause for excuse.
*mensrea– лат. виновная воля, вина
Find the words in the text below that mean:
|
…………………….. |
- to bring down or lower |
…………………….. |
- a logical result or effect |
|
…………………….. |
- a violent attack |
…………………….. |
- a plan, idea, or purpose |
|
…………………….. |
- the crime of stealing |
…………………….. |
- carelessness |
|
…………………….. |
- towards the outside |
…………………….. |
- the desire to do harm or cause mischief to others |
|
…………………….. |
- acting with intent to deceive |
…………………….. |
- something done unintentionally |
|
…………………….. |
- to bring or come to an end |
…………………….. |
- not deliberately planned killing |
|
…………………….. |
- ill-will |
…………………….. |
- premeditated |