In the faraway Constantinople emperor Marcian had a vision that tragic night: he saw a broken Attila's bow in his dreams.

An astonishing concatenation of circumstances! But being aware of mendacity of the Greek and their attempts against Attila for some reason one doesn't have the slightest wish to believe. Attila's death brought joy to the Europeans! Each Jordan's letter is full of joy: "Those days Attila was really dangerous for the great Empires that his death was sent by heaven to the regnant instead of the gift".

A dreadful confession - in can be seen through a mirror. They were afraid of Attila and even his tragedy was taken as a gift.

The nation of Desht-I-Kipchak was distraught with grief; absurd death of their leader almost lay it down. As the custom required, men started to cut off the tufts of their hair and make deep incisions of their faces. The great warrior has died! His loss should have been mourned with blood and not with tears.

Deep mourning commenced in the Steppe. A silk tent was pitched in open country where the remains of untimely-departed commander were placed. The best riders of his army were going round the tent day and night paying tribute to the great tsar. Women were not let to take part in the mourning ceremony - their howls could disturb the warrior.

After the bloody mourning the funeral feast began - it was a grand feast. A fantastic sight: funeral sorrow was mixed up with frenzy rejoicing. A striking philosophy of that ceremony - departing the tsar should see that well-being that he has left to his nation is still there and a happy life is going on.

Late at night the body was committed to the earth. Attila's remains were put into three coffins - one made of gold, the other made of silver and the third made of hard iron. Arms gained in the battles with the enemies were also wrapped there as well as his orders and decorations which Attila has never put on in life but he could need them in the world beyond.

In order to prevent marauding everybody who knew the burial place was killed as soon as they came back and thus they departed together with their master.

The mourning days haven't been over yet when internal wars commenced. It turned out that the great number of heirs (and there were more than a hundred of them!) burdens the reign far more than lack of them. And when Ellak, the Elder son, the only legal heir of the ruler, was dead, Roman and Byzantine politicians had already known what to do Having made use of the discord they unleashed a fratricidal war which lasted for centuries. That's all. The great Attila, the Turkic commander, who inspired fear on the whole Europe, was dead. And a great deal of things departed with him.

But Attila's inheritance - his victories, his place in history of Europe gave no rest to many people. Thus, for example, in 1858 a book was issued in Russia and, generally speaking, it was a lame book but with an expressive title - "Attila and Russia of IV - V centuries". Its author, professor A.F. Veltman, without batting an eyelid, emphatically asserted on more than two hundred pages that Attila… was Russian. And Desht-I-Kipchak was called Russia.

That's not a joke. Similar opinions were also expressed by other historians

The Wild Field - The Great Steppe

The Germans also succeeded in appropriation of Kipchak inheritance. They made Attila their national hero, the personage of epics. Etzel Alps were named in his honor.

How does that go: the Germans, calling themselves the descendants of Celts (those Celts who were mercilessly defeated by Attila!) recognized him as a national hero. And the Turki have forgotten about him. Is that normal?..

Atli, Etzel - those were the names of the great Turki in German and Scandinavian epics and sagas. But in Southern German tales, for example in a heroic song "Valtariy", Etzel is glorified as a powerful monarch who, due to his generosity, sometimes ventures to be weak and hesitating. Thus he watches and doesn't take part in the intrigues in the palace, he doesn't save his son and wife from death. And it is astonishing that he isn't judged; on the contrary - they are delighted with him.

Literary critics couldn't get the reasons of Attila's "passive" behavior; they were just surprised. However, their ignorance shows again the differences between eastern and western moral, eastern and western outlook.

If only the Europeans knew that according to the law a Kipchak never helped his son in anything, even in case of fatal danger. He didn't have the right to touch his son with his finger, wherever he was - even on bull's horns. Only other man could help a child being in trouble.

Is that rough? Sure it is… Bat at the same time that is right! Using rough laws the Kipchaks brought up a young man who had to live in the Great Steppe: he should drive away the clouds over his head by himself! Mama's boys were despised in the Turkic society. They were a shame. Only things gained by yourself were taken into consideration. Man had to care for himself and his reputation and the latter was especially esteemed. Hence is acute feeling of honor.

The authors of "The Song of the Nibelungs" and "Valtariy", there is no doubt, were the Kipchaks by birth - they remembered the steppe laws. That is evident due to certain details. That's why their hero Atzel (Attila) remained noble even in a situation unacceptable from a European viewpoint. He acted regardless of European moral and that aroused admiration.

But the authors of "The Song of Atli" and "Atli's speeches" were not aware of Turkic customs. Those works are also related to Ancient German ones, but they were written by the Northern Germans. Attila's character is different in them; there he is an alien, a conqueror harshly dealing with his enemies: they cut out the heart of one of them under his order and another was thrown into a hole with snakes.

Who were they - the authors? They were not the Kipchaks, that's for sure. Cruelty was not in the traditions of the Steppe: the Turki acted toughly but they were not cruel. They rapidly rendered justice (according to the code), execution was simple - there was a dagger, there was a saber, there was a lasso and a horse. And that was enough. As a last resort they used a rope - if they dealt with a man not deserving a decent death. And at the very least, say, for stealing in a temple, the thief was dug into the earth alive…

It might be that first texts of "The Song of Atli" and "Atli's Speeches" were in Russian (Swedish) language - traditions of the Northern Europe are described in them. These were Hunnara and Khengi whom Atli pursued. And "Hunnar" and "Khengi" seem to be Varangian names. However, the word "Huns" which can be read in them may be the key to another version. But still there is a feeling that the text is "Russian"; it becomes stronger after reading other Varangian songs. For example, in Icelandic "Saga of Velsungs" or Norwegian "Saga of Tidrek" Attila is also shown as a crafty ruler having ensnared the Burgundy (!?) king Hunnar and his brother Khengi in order to have their gold… And that is much stranger.

What gold has to do with it? The Burgundy waged a war under Attila's flags; they were the Turki. It is evident that they didn't have a king; there was a khan - the leader of an ulus… It is not unlikely that he had a quarrel with Attila's father in 435 and the son was avenging. But for what purpose should the Burgundy be turned into the northerners; still they are the nation having come from the East.

Attila, as well as other Kipchaks, was notable for indifference to money, gold, treasures - that was marked by Prisk and other Europeans who have seen him. Those were the values only for the Europeans!.. They were not the values for the Kipchaks. Nobody would be at enmity for gold. One could sit on a bag full of gold and have no respect in the Great Steppe; furthermore, he could have fallen into contempt.

The Turki estimated not things but actions! The Eastern moral put the spirit above materialism. A horse was worth more than gold. As well as a saber and a bow. And all the rest people gained through hard work.

Three wishes are sacred for a real Turki. The first one - to saddle a horse. The second - to eat meat. And the third - to love his wife. Attila acted in full accordance with Kipchak traditions; each element of the latter provided an action, a deed. An action of a man! Domination of spirit was the basis of the Turkic psychology. That circumstance is extremely important. It leads to understanding of the prime causes of many historical events, even human tragedies. The Southern Germans, for example, felt an eastern mark in their souls which is still their distinguishing feature, although they are the Europeans. That's why their literature about Attila is more strict and accurate; knowledge of the free Steppe is contained in it, maybe even in spite of authors' intentions.

In poems and ballads of Southern Germans Attila's warriors could "become" even the knights of XI or XII centuries. The poets were not afraid to break the chronology because people wanted to see their heroes instinctively making them closer to their history. Bavarians and Saxons are proud of those pages of their history and are not willing to give them up.

Isn't that accusation of Church against Gunter (Another "Hun" name, he took the pulpit since 1057 until 1065 in Bamnerg.), the bishop, indicative? It turns out that the German bishop preferred the stories about Attila to diligent reading of church literature. He even mentioned the great Turki in his sermons… Because he was a Kipchak himself and he recognized his native history in the history of the steppe riders.

One shouldn't be astonished. According to N.M. Karamzin the German elite was fond of koumiss - mare's milk. And the language of the Kipchaks, again in accordance with documents, remained in the Southern Germany until XV - XVI centuries. It means the crusaders who have been leaving those places in 1204 to conquer Constantinople or to destroy Rome, gave commands in Turkic (Kipchak) language.

Alas, that's not an exaggeration!

William Thomsen, the Danish scientist, was among the first ones who opened a new section in European linguistics; his academic works performed last century form a part of most favorable possession of science. Thomsen was about to turn the whole Europe up - the outburst threatened to turn into a big fire in coherent history of the Old World.

"What Huns?", "What are these barbarians about?", - many people questioned having read an irreproachable work of an outstanding Danish scientist who has brought out clearly that European history is empty without Turkic one.

William Ludvic Peter Thomsen (1842 - 1927) was born in a postmaster's family in Randers; he spent his childhood there and started his university career. Young man wasn't satisfied with theology; he became fond of other sciences - philology and botany. Thomsen was lucky: he had met outstanding teachers who noticed his phenomenal memory and recognized a philological gift in him.

He was brought up according to exemplary traditions of a classical European school which provides for combination of laboratory and field research. A living unique world was opening to the beginning scientist during his journeys, and in the libraries he discovered a departed world. Arabic, Persian, Japanese, Chinese, Gipsy - Thomsen learnt dozens of languages until he went into Turkic language which was exotic for Europe.

The scientist felt a certain mystery in it; he felt something like the "motherland" of several European languages with his heart, their linguistic base but his mind has been opposing to the voice of his feeling for a long time. Until he had a chance.

In 1887 Thomsen was invited as a professor to the department of comparative philology to Copenhagen University. Those years he became world-famous due to his work about the connections between the Ancient Russia and Scandinavia and about origin of Russian state. (Russian state but not Slavic!) Is it necessary to say that investigation of a Danish scientist expressed the viewpoint which was considerably different from this accepted in Russia. As a matter of fact, professor Thomsen was one of the first scientists who has written a truthful - no politics! - history of Russian as it was. His work was accepted by world community; it became classics and students are brought up with it.

Inability neither to deny nor to accept the conclusions of that fundamental research in which there was no place for legends and inventions made the name of professor Thomsen if not forbidden than at least neglected among Russian scientists; his works are not known in Russia: they translated and published a single small article, nothing was found. Such a pity! The world could have known the truth about Kiev Russia from them.

Professor Thomsen visited Russia more than once, he gained a deep understanding in European (Wend) roots of Slavic culture. That outstanding linguist discovered everything which has been always escaping attention of Russian scientists, - he revealed the Turkic base of the culture which nowadays is mistakenly called Russian.

But, no. Respected professor simply provided a scientific base for the facts known for a long time. They say: "Scratch a Russian and there is a Tatar there". Thus Thomson scratched Russia.

Everything started with written monuments found in Russia or rather in the Southern Siberia, in the ancient Turkic motherland. Those monuments were neglected during more than a thousand years. History of "infidel" nations wasn't interesting for Russian science.

That's why the findings of Daniel Gothlib Messersmidt were passed over in silence. That naturalist from Danzing was the first European who traveled through Siberia (Another "Hun" name, he took the pulpit since 1057 until 1065 in Bamnerg.) in 1719 - 1727. Not far from Merchinsk Messersmidt examined the remains of an ancient cemetery where two queer stones remained and those stones were covered with relief pictures and inscriptions.

Everything was clear about the pictures: scenes of a hunt and oblations, animals, faces, ornaments were harmonious and skillfully made. Written signs seemed familiar to the German scientist; they reminded of the ancient German runes. But he rejected the guess - Siberia was too far from Germany.

In Petersburg Messersmidt's finding didn't impress anybody - as though it wasn't a new thing. They didn't even look at the copies of unique monuments not to mention the possibility to publish them. They ordered to consider the writings Scythian and recommended to hand the copies to the archives as not wanted.

Later, with assistance of one of ambassadors of Catherine II those copies were secretly delivered to Europe and published there. Stealing and underground trade with antiques were a common practice those days, apparently. Thus the world learnt about one of forgotten pages of its culture - to tell the truth, ancient Turkic culture wasn't in question.

Siberian steles with strange paintings became widely discussed. For it seemed too mysterious and magnificent. Especially after public speeches of Balha, the abbot, concerning Siberian Atlantis and Siberian Atlases who perished under strange circumstances.

Of course Messersmidt's publication wasn't utterly neglected. Searching for Siberian antiquities has become a passion for many European scientists since then. Rare works of art were bought for a trifling sum; not only Siberia but the whole steppe Russia and its barrows were lavish in them. We have lost so many treasures - and they have found a great deal of them - in the course of that stealing.

By the beginning of XIX century seven monuments were discovered in the Southern Siberia - those monuments being dappled with mysterious writings. Traces of amazing and unknown culture were becoming evident; those traces attracted but, alas, not researchers but adventurers.

In Paris, in World Oriental Studies Centre new and new findings brought from steppe Russia were being discussed almost every year. Of course the owners didn't report about many findings not to be in conflict with legislation: golden items were in question and certain documents were necessary to own them.

Finally Parisian orientalists decided that they had enough information and it was time to think about deciphering the mysterious writings. The first ones who took the charge were A. Remyuza, the academician, and his constant opponent in scientific discussions Y. Klaprot. Both of them, being excellent experts in ancient history, were trying to roll a mountain like the Titans. It was all in vain. They didn't even manage to determine to which group of languages mysterious writings relate. Mystery around the findings was thickening.

And there was no lack in hypotheses. The exhibits gave no rest to the archeologists. Some were inclined to the version of their Scythian roots. They even invented a nation called "Chud". However the majority of experts agreed upon recognition of new writings as ancient German runes for no other reason than their superficial resemblance. Thus they ascribed them that way having no reasons, and that was it.

As it often happens in science, futility, lack of new ideas little by little damped the interest to mysterious monuments and again they fell into drowsiness waiting for their hour to come.

Interest to the Siberian findings was awakened in 1875 when M. Kastren, the Finnish scientist, returned from Minusinsk expedition. He published the work called "Yenisei Inscriptions". That was possibly the most detailed and complete work. Whatever irrepressible soul of an archeologist wished was contained there. The linguists were to say the final word but they kept silence. They didn't have any ideas!

It seems that excitement of foreign researchers awakened Russia. On the VIII Russian Archeological Congress N.M. Yadrtintsev "has taken Holland" as it is said: having visited Manchuria he found what has been studying by the archeologists for more than a century.

Yadrintsev's report was taken into consideration.

At the same time, in spring of 1890, in a deserted place near Orkhon river, A. Geykel, the Finnish researcher found another two ancient monuments near Kosho-Tsaidam lake. It is hard to describe excitement of the scientist who has made his way there together with his brother and wife.

The first monument was a heavy stone similar to a memorial stone. Due to position of that stone Geykel guessed that it had been thrown from a pedestal. It seemed a grand construction was standing there and only ruins remained after it… An earthquake or these were people who destroyed the monument? It is not clear.

One could distinguish dragons and little pentagonal tables with inscriptions on remaining ornaments. But many things were destroyed, wiped by merciless disasters. Having got what he could get from that monument Geykel came to a conclusion: that was a Chinese work.

To tell the truth, one small item seemed to be embarrassing - Chinese inscription covered only one part of the plate. On the other three sides there were the letters of a familiar "ancient German" alphabet. The same as on other Siberian findings. Why?

Not far from that plate being nothing but a cast down stele, as the scientist concluded, there was a big quadrangular altar. Near it - dug into the earth - there were the remaining parts of a long building. Geykel made a plan of the monuments. And he started to dig. Soon he found the wall made of bricks covered with earth. Working with a spade the archeologists found seven statues with broken heads. It was evident that they were not of Chinese origin. Looking at them Geykel realized that the version of their Chinese origin should be rejected. Clothes and arms known due to the findings near Don, Danube and in other parts of forgotten Desht-I-Kipchak pointed to the Turki.

However that finding didn't make things clear: what had the Turki to do with that? What relation could those savages bear to high culture which the archeologist was researching?

In one kilometer from the dig Geykel and his fellow travelers found another monument which was exactly the same, it was just a little bit bigger. It was also covered with inscriptions, but unfortunately a considerable part of them was wiped out. And again - one of the sides of the monument was with Chinese hieroglyphs and the rest three were covered with familiar "unknown" letters - possibly, of Turkic origin.

He and his fellows didn't suspect that they've found the headstone of prince Kul-Teghin and his brother Bilghe-Kagan. They copied found inscriptions, took them when they left and published them in Helsingforce in 1892. It seemed that mysterious letters were about to find their owner although everybody new - ancient Turkic writing language has never existed - that was a savage nation. They were the barbarians, after all!

There was more than enough information of mysterious "Siberian writing", as it was cautiously called. Its traces were marked in the findings near Ural, Volga, Don, Dnepr, Danube - around the whole steppe. It remained only to find a person being able to read what was gathered by archeologists during a hundred years.

And luckily that person was found. To tell the truth, at first nobody paid the slightest attention to his thin report (just several pages) which he presented to the Danish Royal Scientific Society. The report was signed by a name which told nothing to the archeological world, - it was some W. Thomsen, the professor of comparative philology department of Copenhagen University. It happened on December 15th, 1893 - the date of the second birth of the Turki.

Copies of inscriptions with mysterious "Siberian" letters were transferred to professor Thomsen just by accident. And in the right moment. At first he detected the direction of the writing in order to understand how to read those writings. It turned out they should be read not from left to right, like Mongolian ones, but from right to left, like vertical lines of Chinese writing.

The next step was to count the letters. It also didn't weary the venerable professor. It allowed making a conclusion that a unique and unknown written language is in question which stood apart between the alphabetical syllabic writing accepted in the West and in the East.

And after that everything was easy for a person who knows about thirty foreign languages.

The first word which the Danish professor William Thomsen managed to read was the word "Tengri". A divine omen! It was the first to come out of a silent stone:

The scientists didn't know what that unknown word had meant, and later from the text he comprehended that "Heaven" and "Heavenly God" were in question.

Actually that was right. The great Tengri-Khan opened in XIX century ancient Russian writing language which was considered to be non-existent while it moved from Altai to Europe in II century and was lost there together with the Kipchaks.

The language read by Thomsen belonged to a nation which the Chinese used to call "tu-kue". The pure Turkic language, the dialect, being considerably elder than all the other Turkic dialects known those times.

After that discovery Thomsen became an outstanding expert in Turkic dialects; very soon he was able to read, write and speak Attila's language. Due to professor's sufferings the Turkic alphabet was pulled out from tenacious paws of oblivion. It was clear: a unique and almost unknown culture had been discovered which was spread among the "Huns", "barbarians", "Geths" etc. - in a word, the Turkic Kipchaks. It was impossible to neglect their culture.

Three years have passed after that triumphal December evening in Danish Royal Scientific Society where professor Thomsen had presented his fabulous report. The book written by the scientist was published where under laconic title "Deciphered Orchon Inscriptions" the key to reading ancient Turkic texts was hidden. Not only the full alphabet was published in the book but also a commented translation of all known inscriptions. As a matter of fact that was the first and the only textbook in grammar of Turkic language; at the same time it seems that Russian ancestors of the Kipchaks have never heard about it.

There were no doubts (and further researches confirmed that): five centuries before Common Era a glorious empire existed on the territory of the Southern Siberia. It lead its life leaving written and material traces. And by first centuries of Common Era the nation had disappeared. Where? How? Why? Nobody knew that.

Running a few steps forward let us mention that together with Messersmidt and his followers an outstanding Russian archeologist S.I. Rudenko and his Siberian colleagues headed by A.P. Okladnikov also had a feeling of a discoverer. They discovered their Siberia in XX century - that vanished empire whose existence was surmised by European archeologists in XX century.

Thus in XIX century the world learnt what was contained in stony messages transferred by the ancestors to their descendants. The stones began to talk. The real Turkic history was speaking after centuries of silence.

The texts revealed to W. Thomsen were different in their age and contents. Some monuments were dated back to the period before the Great Nations Migration. Their language and expressiveness of the phrases cannot keep one indifferent:

"Dissimilar, born in heaven… Turkic kagan, today I took the reign. You, followers, listen to my speech, my younger relatives and the youth, my allied tribes and nations.

When blue sky was created on high, dark ground was created below, between them human sons were created. My ancestors - Bumyn-Kagan and Istemi-Kagan were sitting above human sons. Having got the reign they organized a tribal union and thus Turkic nation appeared. Four parts of the world were their enemies. Setting out with their troops they conquered all the nations living in four parts and made them all live in piece. Those who had heads had to bend their heads; those who had knees were forced to kneel.

My younger brother, Kul-Tegin, was dead and I was mourning; my seeing eyes were almost blind, my prophetic mind was almost fading away. Heaven allots the sky, human sons were born to decay."

These are the lines from an epitaph. Their wisdom is in their simplicity.

Thomsen's book contains many useful things. At first it was interesting only for orientalists. Then linguists, historians and politicians joined them. And new facts were revealed.

And the facts are as follows. Munich amateur orientalist Franz Babinger, working in the family archive of Fugger princes and counts in Augsburg stumbled upon some ancient texts which dated back to the events of 1553 - 1555 years. Those texts were copied from the wall of one building which was, apparently, a stable and nobody has ever paid the slightest attention to them considering them to be an exotic painting from Istanbul or an intricate ornament. In a word - nonsense among business papers.

But Franz Babinger couldn't call himself an orientalist not having read the book by professor W. Thomsen and having not recognized ancient Turkic runic writings in the found text!

The happy owner of the finding sent the photocopies to famous Mr. William Thomsen to Copenhagen. But he also was at a loss. New mystery was to be born. Those sent runes, taking their similarity with ancient German ones into consideration, still were different. Only special investigation helped to put everything in its right place: the scientists faced the European dialect of Turkic language. But that gave rise to a new perplexity. Where from?

The found text threw light on one historic event known from ancient Hungarian chronicles. So there were no reasons to doubt the trustworthiness of the described fact. The document was authentic. But the scientist noticed that the basis of the writing had been formed by the runes changed in shape, which were more like notches or dents. In fact, that was the difference with "Siberian" runes which form slightly reminded of the elements of Chinese graphics. But in this case it was otherwise, there was its own - European - writing style which was closer to Greek or Latin one.

W. Thomsen determined the found text as ancient Hungarian language; soon Franz Babinger has become the first expert in it and prepared a big scientific research on that point. To tell the truth having been preparing it it turned out that similar texts have been often met in the archives of different European countries but they were always neglected. It simply happened that nobody ever tried to analyze those casual papers.

Almost all the found documents were written correctly - from right to left. There was only one text relating to 1501 found at Chiksentmiklosh which was written in a wrong way and was to be read from left to right. It was obvious that Turkic - Kipchak - language was used as the language of international communication in the Central Europe (The right question: why did Turkic language disappear from the Central Europe in XV - XVI centuries? What reasons did the Europeans have to exclude it from their speech that rapidly?. And also from their memory? There were two reasons, apparently - inquisition of the Roman Church which was gradually annihilating all the Turki in Europe. And a new invasion from the East! The Turki, again. But this time not the Kipchaks but the Oguzes instead, they conquered Constantinople in 1453 and in a little while they started colonizing the Central Europe from the East bearing Moslem ideas to the Christian countries. Cruel confrontation of Turkic Oguzes and Turkic Kipchaks was lasting in the Central Europe for centuries and it is still happening as far as we know. The war at the Balkans between Christian and Moslem Serbs, which is considered to be a new war, is actually one of episodes of that endless war which has been flaring up and fading for centuries. The reasons are forgotten, the sources are forgotten, the flags are forgotten but the fratricidal fighting is still happening. And again the Turki are taking part in it.). The whole paper work - execution of purchase deeds, land schemes, accounts etc. - was performed with it. Hence is amazing similarity of ancient Turkic and ancient German runes.

But again that's not all. Babinger found a forgotten work by Tekegdi, the Hungarian historian, who has written the book about Kipchak language in 1598. It seemed the secret of the European dialect of Tutkic language was about to be revealed, while it was on the surface and wasn't really a secret. It was necessary just to recognize the obvious and to write about it.

And nobody has ever done that.

However, Franz Babinger smattered in science. His attention wasn't attracted by the circumstance that in Hungary, near Semigradye town, lives the nation called "Sekels" which - probably, the only nation in Europe! - has been calling itself the descendant of the Turki since olden days, although nowadays it doesn't speak the language of their ancestors. It retained clear historical memory which was embodied not only in literature but also in written documents…

Destiny didn't give good luck to Babinger; after all, it was him who didn't take it, to put it more preciously.

When Hans Dernchwam, the bachelor of Leipzig University, came to the Sekels in order to familiarize himself with ancient documents which were mentioned in passing by Babinger he found that they were absolutely different as compared with ancient Hungarian texts. Sekel runes seemed unfamiliar to the young man. He copied them and went away in disappointment.

Although as experienced linguists looked at them they were at a loss: the documents were executed in ancient Turkic language. Attila's language!

Finally everything was in its right place. From a scientific viewpoint it was proved and aroused no doubts that the ancestors of the Central Europe inhabitants - and that was there where existence of Turkic language was traced, at least until XV - XVI centuries - are the Kipchaks by birth. Those Kipchaks who performed the Great Nations Migration and who were considered to be vanished.