The City

The city is a part of London. It used to be the old Roman and medieval town of London, but is now the area of London with all the banks. The City now one of the most important financial centers in the world. Although the City is only one square mile, 300,000 people work there. It contains 8500companies and 524 banks from 76 countries.

The City earns 10 billion pound a year by selling its financial services. In 1994, London had 40 per cent of the world’s foreign exchange trade (buying and selling of foreign currencies), far more than its nearest rival, New York.

Life (a future market for financial services and goods) was founded in 1992. It is now the second-largest market of its kind in the world.

Made In Britain

In Britain, there are only a few successful large companies. The large companies often invest a lot of money in research and development, R&D, to find new and better, usually high technology, products.

Successful small manufacturing companies in Britain often make expensive products. These companies are successful because they used first-class materials, have excellent qualify control and the workers are proud of what they make. They include J.Barbour & Sons, which makes waterproof jackets: Barbour jackets, originally designed for fishermen and farmers, are now fashionable in cities throughout Europe; the Morgan Motor Company, which makes elite cars; Quad Electro acoustics, which makes top-qualify hi-fi equipment; Wilkin & Sons, which makes jams.

BP is now the second largest company in Europe. It is involved in oil and gas refining and the manufacture of petrochemical products. It is investing money in making cleaner petrol.

Vocabulary:

to manufacture	производить	to make jam
to earn	зарабатывать	currency	валюта
to sell	продавать	rival	соперник
to invest	вкладывать	product	продукция
to try	пробовать, пытаться	quality	качество
to cure	лечить	acoustics	акустика
to reduce	уменьшать	elite cars	элитные машины
to be proud of	гордиться	disease	болезнь
to be involved in	быть вовлеченным	medicine	лекарство
to contain	содержать	equipment	оборудование
to include	включать	expensive	дорогой
banking	банковское дело	first-class	первосортный
retailing	розничная продажа	waterproof	водонепроницаемый
shipbuilding	судостроение	hi-fi	высокая точность воспроизведения звука
pharmaceutical	фармацевтический	foreign	иностранный
refining	очистка	fashionable	модный
percentage	процентное отношение	R&D	Research & Development
trade	торговля	BP	British Petroleum

1. Найдите в тексте перевод следующих выражений.

тяжелая промышленность

кораблестроение

самый важный финансовый центр

11 миллиардов фунтов в год

покупка и продажа иностранной валюты

соперник

несколько успешных больших компаний

высокотехнологичная продукция

гордиться тем, что производит

переработка газа и нефти

новые лекарства

хорошо известный

2. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. What service industries have expanded in Great Britain since World War II?

2. What industries have replaced heavy industries?

3. How many people work in retailing in Britain?

4. What is the City?

5. How many companies and banks does the City contain?

6. How much does the City earn a year?

7. Are there many successful large companies in Britain?

8. Why do the large companies invest money in R&D?

9. Can you name successful small companies in Britain?

10. What do they produce?

11. What company is involved in the manufacture of petrochemical products?

12. What is Claxo?

3. Найдите в тексте правильные варианты следующих утверждений.

1. Britain used to have many manufacturing industries.

2. The number of the people working in manufacturing industries has gone up.

3. Retailing is one of Britain’s smallest service industries.

4. The City is one of the most important cultural centers in the world.

5. 30000 people work in the City.

6. The City earns 10 billion dollars a year.

7. Successful small companies in Britain make cheap products.

8. Claxo is investing money in making cleaner petrol.

9. Quad Electronics is well known for its low-quality sound speakers.

4. Задайте все типы вопросов к предложению:

The large companies often invest a lot of money in research & development.

5. Составьте словосочетания:

1. manufacturing a) town

2. medieval b) products

3. financial c) materials

4. expensive d) center

5. first-class e) cars

6. waterproof f) equipment

7. elite g) jackets

8. top-quality h) industries

6. Антонимы.

big, old, near, a few, high, expensive, clean, small, dirty, far, short, cheap, young, many

7. Образуйте множественное число существительных:

industry, company, person, shop, store, bank, center, service, currency, product, car, fisherman, city, medicine

8. Восстановите правильный порядок слов в предложении, опираясь на текст.

1. service, it, one, is, of, industries, Britain’s, biggest

2. A, London, is, the, City, part, of

3. The, 10 billion, City, earns, year, a, pounds

4. in, companies, Britain, are, there, a, few, large, successful

5. in, BP, is, Europe, company, the, second, now, largest

Контрольные вопросы по предмету «Введение в язык специальности» для студентов заочного отделения.

1. Why do people work?

2. What do people provide?

3. What is called economic activity?

4. Why is accounting called “the language of business”?

5. What do accountants do?

6. Which reviews are called audits?

7. What are the responsibilities of a bookkeeper?

8. What does the balance sheet consist of?

9. Explain the meaning of the words “assets” and “liabilities”.

10. What are the main services offered by banks?

11. Make the definition of the term “inflation”.